German

For German, a total of 136 epidemic events are known so far. It is a language.

Table

Table

Page	DateStart date of the disease.	SummarySummary of the disease event	OriginalOriginal text	TranslationEnglish translation of the text	ReferenceReference(s) to literature	Reference translationReference(s) to the translation
1092-00-00-Strasbourg	1092 JL	Great mortality in price increase in the world	och wart gros sterbotte und dürunge durch alle welt.	also was great dying and price increase through the entire world.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 435	None
1095-00-00-Strasbourg	1095 JL	Mortality of livestock and people.	Ein sterbotte. Do men zalte 1095 jor, do was ein sterbotte vihes und lüte durch alle welt.	A dying. In the year 1095, a mortality of livestock and people occured through the entire world.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 771	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1186-00-00-Strasbourg	1186 JL	This passage tells of a false prophecy. It was wrongly predicted that a great destructive wind and mortality and price increase would come in autumn. People were very afraid, but nothing happened.	Eine falsche prophecie. Bi disen ziten verschreip ein meister von dem gestirne in alle lant, das in dem herbeste in dem jore noch gotz gebürte 1186 solte kumen ein wint, der alle bürge, hüser und boume dernyder würfe, und donoch ein gros sterbot und dürunge und vil andere wunderliche ding. und sprach och, das alle sternenseher in der cristenheit und in der heidenschaft und alle wise meistere wol erkantent, das diese ding also geschehen muestent. hievon erschrag das volg und mahtent etliche lüte hütten uf dem velde und hüselin under der erden do sü inne wonetent, und men mahte vil crüzegenge und gebet. do nu der herbest kam, do was es guet wetter und geschach der dinge keines die men gewissaget hette. hiebi mag men merken, das der welte wisheit ist eine torheit vor gotte.	A False Prophecy During this time, a master of the stars wrote to all the lands that in the autumn of the year 1186 after Christ's birth, a wind would come that would topple all castles, houses, and trees. This would be followed by a great death, price increase, and many other strange occurrences. He also claimed that all astrologers in Christendom and in pagan lands, as well as all wise masters, had recognized that these things must happen. This caused fear among the people, leading some to build huts in the fields and little houses underground where they could live. Many people made pilgrimages and prayed fervently. But when autumn came, the weather was good, and none of the predicted events occurred. From this, one can observe that the wisdom of the world is foolishness before God.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 648.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1223-00-00-Strasbourg	1223 JL	Great mortality among livestock and animals.	Ein sterbotte. Do men zalte 1223 jor, do was ein gros sterbotte under vihe und den tieren und nüt under den lüten, und das werte 3 jor, also daz mereteil under dem vihe starp.	A dying. In the year 1223, a great mortality occured among livestock, animals, but not among people, and this lasted for 3 year. The majority of the livestock died.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 771.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1259-00-00-Bohemia	1259 JL	Flagellants appear in Bohemia, go through the whole country and come into conflict with the established clergy. Many Bohemians (men and women) go with them. They are persecuted by the Roman Church.	Von gotes geburt her abe / czwelfhundirt gar / vnd dar nach nun vnd funfzcig iar; / Von den, di in der buz / gingin mit dez tufils gruz. / vnd der sel ein swer val / vndir einer neuwen tat / waz czu licht komen drat, / in dem vorgnantin iar / czu Behem quam fur war. / Do gingin blose leut / durch daz gancze lant wit, / di indecktin dy ruk / vf er cleins gluk / vnd slugin sich mit geisziln / den ruk voln kreiszil. / Si stracktin sich in daz kot, / vnd daz waz der sel tot. / Gotis dinst si smechtin, / di pristirschaf si echtin; / si sprachin: "Vnsir buzze ist der sel suzse / vnd beszir, wen vwir schrein." / Si hiszin laszin sin / gotis ampt vor nit, / und daz tetin dy lut. / Di bemisch herrin / sohin si von verrin / also durch daz lant gen. / Si sprachin zcu den: / "Wi turt er daz getun / an vnsir viszin iczun?" / Mit in gingin si bi nom / vnd slugin sich alsom. / Di frouwen in irn scharin / sach man alsam gebarin; / si tetin als di gouch / vnd geisiltin sich ouch. / Hettin si gewolt, / daz ez der sel frumen solt, / so soltin si ez bi tagin / czu buz intphangin habin / von den pristirn gelesin; / so wer ez der sel nucz gewesin. / Abir dy erstin nacktin / bosen vorsacz trachtin, / wan si slugin sich ser / vm den tufil Lucifer, / daz der gar vngenem / uf sinen stul widir quem. / Vnd do von in dysze mer / virnomen dy Romer, / si in aln czu stur / gabin ein buz mit dem fur / als andern keczern, / di si woltin mern. / Di keczir sint mit ganczir ger / des tufils diner, / vnd daz warn dy. / Dar vm offintin si / ir heilkeit misstetlich, / daz schied si von dem himilrich.	After the birth of God in the twelfhundred and fifty ninth year; of those who went in penitence with the salute of the devil. Doing their souls no good choice by this new deed that came to light in the named year in Bohemia. Naked people went through the whole land. They covered their backs with beatings by whips. They layed down in excrement and that was the death for their souls. They reviled the devine service and the clergy and they said: "Our penitence is the food of the soul and it is better than your shouting." They demanded the devine service to stop and the people did so. The Bohemian lords saw them go through the land from far and said: "How come they do this without our knowledge?" But they went with them and beated themselves. The flock of the women behaved likewise: they did the same and joined them. If they had wanted to help their souls they should have received the order of penitence by day and from the priests. But those nakeds had a bad scheme from the beginning: They beated themselves hard in order to bring the devil Lucifer back on his throne. When the Romans came to know of them, they let them atone by fire as they did with other heretics. The heretics are with their whole desire servants of the devil and so they were. Therein they advertised their failed holiness and this seperated them from the kingdom of heaven.	Di tutsch kronik von Behem lant, ed. Vlastimil Brom, Brno 2009, pp. 504-508	Translation by Christian Oertel
1316-00-00-Strasbourg	1316 JL	In 1316 was a shortage, a price increase and a mortality which filled the hospital.	Der grosse Spittel zu Strosburg der stunt zum ersten in Kremergasse bi sant Erhardes cappelle, also es noch heisset "zum alten Spittel". do men nu zalte noch gotz gebürte 1316 jor, do galt ein viertel kornes zu Strosburg 30 sol. und in dem lande 2 lib. d. die türunge werte ein gantz jor. von der dürunge und gebresten kam ein grosser sterbotte, das der spittel und [die] gruben bi sant Erhartz cappellen wurdent alle vol mit doten gefüllet, und hette men zu enge, me gruben zu machen. Dovon wart der spittel uffewendig der stat gemaht, nebent unser frowen brueder closter.	The large hospital in Strasbourg initially stood on Kremergasse near St. Erhard's Chapel, when it was named "to the old Hospital." In the year 1316, a quarter of grain in Strasbourg cost 30 sol., and in the countryside, 2 lib. d. The price increase lasted an entire year. After the price increase and shortage a significant mortality ensued, filling the hospital and the graves near St. Erhard’s Chapel with the dead, to the point where there was not enough space, than it was closed. Because of this, the hospital was moved out of the city, next to the Our Lady's Brothers’ Monastery.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 738	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1316-00-00-Strasbourg 001	1316 JL	In Strasbourg was a price increase and a shortage, that led to a mortality.	Do men zalte 1316 jor, do galt ein viertel rocken zu Strosburg 30 sol. und in dem lande lib. d. diese türunge verzoch sich untz in das ander jor. und von der türunge und bresten kam ein grosser sterbotte, das der spittel wart us der stat gesetzet, also vor bi den sterbotten geschriben stet.	In the year 1316, a quarter of rye costed 30 shillings in Strasbourg an in the countryside one pound denar. This price increase continued until the next year. Due to the price increase and shortage arose a great dying. The hospital was moved out the city, like it was written for the dyings.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 868.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1336-00-00-Kranichfeld	1336 JL	A mortality in the small Thuringian city of Kranichfeld, but unclear if disease-induced	Noch gotis geburte tusent jar driehundirt jar in deme sechs unde drißigistime jare da vil daz volk von Cranchfelt, der was nun unde achzig, die storbin da tot.	In the year of our Lord 1336, the people of Kranichfeld, less than 80, died.	Template:Chronici Saxonici continuatio Erfordensis 1899, p. 482	Translation by Martin Bauch
1346-00-00-Europe	1346 JL	This passage describes the spread of the plague beginning in Jerusalem and than moving forward across Europe. The jews were blamed for causing the plague by poisoning the people.	653. Des sulven jares unstund de grote plaghe der mynsheit des (p. 505) ghaen dodes, erst in den Jhersualemeschen landen over mer unde in der heidenscap, de by veftich, sestich, hundert, dusent unde ane tal nedervellen unde waren dot. dat stund nicht sere to claghen, wente se Godes viande sint; mer de sulve grote plaghe quam seder in cristene land. erst wart se vornomen in Pulle, dar na in Ungharen, dar na in Cecilien, in Avignon, dar neghest to Marsilien, dar na in Brancriken, dar na Engheland, dar vele lude storven; dar na in Blanderen, van Blanderen in Norweghen, dar na in Sweden, van Sweden in Denemarken, in Nortjutlande unde uppe Selande, dar na in Prutzen. to Koninghesberch, to Melbinghen was grot sterven. des tech men den ghedosten joden, de sik vor cristene lude helden unde beden dor Got ghuder lude almusen, dat de mit vorghifnisse, de se den luden gheven, dat volk to deme dode brochten. Dat wart van en gheseen unde worden anghetastet unde worden ghebrand; do bekanden se in erme dode, dat it war were, dat se it hadden ghedan, unde dat ir vele were, de in der selven sake in der cristenheit ghinghen, unde segheden, dat de riken joden in den groten steden dat bedacht hedden der cristenheit to vorderfnisse, wente se sint der martere unses heren ghevanghen lude hebben wesen, unde wolden nu koninghe unde heren worden sin over al den cristendom.	653. In the same year (1346), the great plague of humanity, the walking death, began, first in the lands of Jerusalem, across the sea and among the pagans, where fifty, sixty, a hundred, a thousand, and countless people fell and died. This was not much mourned, as they were considered enemies of God. However, this same great plague later came into Christian lands. First, it was observed in Apulia, then in Hungary, then in Sicily, in Avignon, then near Marseille, then in (...?), and then in England, where many people died; next, in Flanders, from Flanders to Norway, then to Sweden, from Sweden to Denmark, in North Jutland and on Zealand, then to Prussia. In Königsberg and Melbingen, there was great mortality. The Jewish converts, who presented themselves as Christian and begged for alms in the name of God, were blamed for bringing the death to the people with giving them poison. They were discovered and persecuted, and many were burned. Under torture, they confessed that it was true—that they had done it, and that many of them across Christendom were involved in this crime. They claimed that the wealthy Jews in large cities had devised this plot to destroy Christianity, as they had long been captives since the martyrdom of our Lord and now wanted to become kings and rulers over all Christendom.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, pp. 504-505.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1346-00-00-Europe 001	1346 JL	The passage speaks about the origins of the plague, how it arrived to europe with the galleys, how it killed thousands of people and wiped out complete cities. It describes the wonders which happened simultaneosly and notes that the king of Bellemare oscillates between the religions.	Dese ding de scheghen ok in deme 46. jare over mer, dar de peper unde inghever west. to Dathagio an der stat vlot en water; dat wart vormeghet met utermaten vele wormen unde slanghen; de vreten alle de vrucht up, de in deme lande was. en grot deel, we dat water anrurbe, de vil neder unde was dot. vortmer to Imperio, meddes tusschen Kathagium unde Persiam, reghendet vur also snevlocken; dat vur vorbrande stede, borghe unde land, berghe unde dale, manne unde vrowen, unde stene, ast se drughe holt hedden ghewesen. dat vur ghas groten rok van sik; we den rok sach, de ne levede nicht enen halven dach; we ok den mynschen sach, de den rok gheseen hadde, de ne levede nicht langhe. hir van schaghet, dat van twelf galeyden, de in deme lande weren, de den rok gheseen hedden, twe galeyden quemen in Sreken to Ianueum, unde beghunden altohant to stervende, beide de in den galeyden weren unde de lude uter stat, also dat sy kume de galeyden mit kummer brachten van der stat in dat grote mer, unde dreven do to Constantinopolim unde to Peram. do de lude van Constantinopol unde van Pera ghespreken mit den galeyden, do ghinghen se to hus unde storven, unde we de sulven lude sach, de starf ok an der stunde, unde storven binnen den twen steden in korter stunde wol sesteyn dusent volkes. Dar na seghelden de galeyden van Sreken, unde wor se hen kerden, in allen steden leten se jo de suke des stervendes. to left quemen se to Cecilien unde Messinam; dar brechten se ok dat stervend, also dat dar ummelang storven wol der dusent lude, unde en stat binnen Cecilien, de ghenomet was Cratappaim, starf al wuste. dar na quemen de galeyden van Cecilien to Sardineam, unde brechten dat stervend an den galeyden des heren Archassari, de in de hervart scholden, unde storven also degher uth, dat de teynde mynsche nicht levende bles, also dat dar storven der unde vertich dusent volkes, de men in dat mer warp. Dar (p. 508) na quam ene van den twen galeyden to Marsilien, unde brochte dat stervend dar, also dat de stat wuste starf. vortmer des donnerdaghes vor winachten wart to Avinion, des morghens er de sunne upghing, gheseen en vur van deme ostene in dat westene, unde hing boven de stat to Avinion an der lucht. vortmer an deme weghe, als men ghet van Kathelonia to Arrogonia, vellen der grote stene van deme hemmele, jewelik also grot als en tover. des nehmen de lude ute deme lande enen van den stenen unde brachtene deme koninghe des landes up eneme mule to groteme wundere. Vortmer de koning val Bellemare, Albessessu ghenant, en here over ghantz Barbarien, let enen wech maken dor de wustenye, also men reysen mochte to Ianuam. do he ret mit groteme volke unde wolde den wech beseen, do quam en bode eme na unde seghede: 'here, sint dat du uthtoghest, sint ghestorven binnen twen daghen achtentich diner husvrowen; unde alle de in der stat sin, de sterven'. do de koning dat horde, he vruchte sic sere unde sprak: 'dat is Godes wrake; de will, dat wy to cristenen loven komen'. unde sende na sinen hoghesten unde na sinem raatgheveren, unde seghede en, dat he cristen werden wolde. under des quam en schip unde seghede, dat de cristenen ok storven. do dat de koning horde, do wolde he nicht cristen werden.	Similar things also occurred in the year 1346 overseas, where pepper and ginger are grown. Near Cathay, water flooded the land; it was filled with countless worms and snakes, which devoured all the crops. Many people who touched the water fell down dead. Furthermore, in a place called Imperium, between Cathay and Persia, fire rained down like snowflakes; this fire burned cities, castles, lands, mountains, valleys, men, women, and even stones as if they were dry wood. The fire produced a great smoke; anyone who saw the smoke did not live even half a day, and anyone who saw those people who had seen the smoke did not live long either. It is said that of twelve galleys in the area that encountered the smoke, only two arrived in Genoa, where both the crew on the ships and the people in the city immediately began to die, so much so that they barely managed to drag the ships out to the open sea. The ships drifted towards Constantinople and Pera. When the people of Constantinople and Pera spoke with those on the galleys, they went home and died, and anyone who saw them also died, with sixteen thousand people dying in the two cities within a short time. Later, the galleys left and spread the plague in every city they visited. Eventually, they arrived in Sicily and Messina, bringing death, so that about a thousand people soon died in the area. An entire town in Sicily, called Catania, was wiped out. The galleys then reached Sardinia, where they brought the plague to the fleet of Lord Archassari, and they all died so that barely one in ten survived, with around forty thousand people dead and thrown into the sea. One of the galleys then arrived in Marseille and spread death there, causing the entire town to perish. Moreover, on the Thursday before Christmas in Avignon, before the sun rose, a fire was seen in the sky from east to west, hovering over the city. Furthermore, along the road from Catalonia to Aragon, large stones fell from the sky, each as big as a tower. The people took one of these stones from the land and brought it to the king as a great wonder. In addition, the King of Bellemare, also known as Albessessu, a lord over all Barbaria, ordered a road to be built through the wilderness so that people could travel to Genoa. As he traveled with a large following to inspect the road, a messenger came to him and said: ‘My lord, since you set out, within two days, eighty of your noble ladies have died, and everyone in the city is also dying.’ When the king heard this, he was greatly afraid and said, ‘This is God's wrath; He wants us to praise the Christian faith.’ He summoned his highest advisors and declared that he wanted to become a Christian. However, soon a ship arrived, reporting that Christians were also dying. When the king heard this, he no longer wanted to become a Christian.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, pp. 506-508.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1348-00-00-Constance	1348 JL	The Jews were accused of poisoning the water in 1348 and as a consequence were killed. In the following year 1349 the flagellants movement arose and traveled through the lands and were forbidden by Pope Clement VI.	Von gottes gepurd MCCC und XLVIII jar kam ein plag uber die juden und burden geczigen, sy hetten basser und prunnen vergift, und burden ir gar vil in vil landen und in steten verprant. Und ist versechenlich, das ir der maist tail sey verbrant borden durch irsz gücz willen etc. (p. 230) Bey den zeitten do man zalt von gottes gepurdt MCCC und XLVIIII jar stund ein fromde bunderliche geschelschaft auff von purgern und von pawren, die giengen durch vil landt und stet mit creuczen und mit vannen und sungen deucze lieder und predigten und gaisleten sich selber vil und vast und vielen nider auf -, peichten und absolvirten selber an ein ander und hielten und geputen vil an ein ander czw halten bunderliche ding und falsch weise und articel wider cristen gelauben und czugen an sich beib und man, arm und reich, das ir zw leczt gar vil bardt und maintenn etlich, ir ber bey zway (p. 231) und vierczig tausent person, aber der vorgenant pabst Clemens der sechst der best bol, das ir beisz nit gerecht was, da gepot er durch alle landt, wer den selben ungelauben fuert und sich offenlich gaislet, das man den vachen und püssen solt, und zergieng da die selb geschelschaft da gar pald.	In the year of Our Lord 1348, a plague came upon the Jews, and they were accused of poisoning water and wells. Many of them were burned in various lands and cities. It is certain that the majority of them were burned because of their wealth. (p. 230) </ br>In the year of Our Lord 1349, a strange and miraculous society arose among the citizens and peasants, who traveled through many lands and cities with crosses and banners, singing german songs and preaching. They whipped themselves severely and excessively, and many of them fell to the ground, confessing and absolving one another. They held and professed many miraculous things, in a false way and contrary to Christian belief. They recruited many women and men, poor and rich, and eventually their numbers grew to over forty-two (p. 231) thousand people. However, Pope Clement VI, realizing that their beliefs were not just, issued a decree throughout all the lands that anyone who followed this unbelief and publicly flogged themselves should be punished. Consequently, this society quickly dispersed.	Konstanzer Weltchronik 1869, pp. 229-231	None
1348-00-00-Lübeck	1348 JL	The Master Johan Dannekowe explains the great plague in Magdeburg and Lübeck by a conjunction and a solar eclipse. In addition, the Jews were accused of poisoning people during this time.	666. In deme sulven jare schref mester Johan Dannekowe, de wiseste mester in der kunst astronomia, de to den tyden in Dudeschen landen was, von deme stervende van Meydeborch to Lubeke sinen sunderliken vrunden. he schref: 'wetet van der suke des stervendes, als my dunket, dat de sake desser suke was unde is en eclipsis des manen, de dar was vor der samelunghe der planeten Jovis unde Saturni in deme jare Godes 1345 an unser vrowen nacht in der vastene der bodescap, unde was an deme negheteynden daghe des Merten, an der nacht dar na des sulven jares, unde was desse eclipsis an dem mynsliken (p. 514) tekene, als an deme tekene, dat de libra eder de waghe heited, unde de ascendens des halven eclipsis was des scorpionis tzaghel. dor der stede willen betekende de eclipsis over mynslike slechte unde dor des ascendens willen, dar de planete Mars here over is, betekent he mordent unde sukent, unde na wane dor des schorpionis tzaghels willen betekent he vorghift; unde wente desse vorsproken eclipsis was an der tiid der sammelunghe der grotesten planeten Saturni unde Jovis, als hir vor sproken is, wente se beide warn in deme sulven enen grade, dar umme betekent he langhe warenden anval, als de hoghe mester Ptolomeus sprekt in deme boke quadriperto. mer ik hope, dat Almania van desser betekenunghe nicht vele liden schal, wente aries dat teken is over Almanien, unde Mars de planeta, de dar here is over dat teken aries, was here des ascendentis desses eclipsis. 667. Nu hadden ok de joden grote mestere in der sulven kunst astronomia, de langhe vorgheseen hadden de tiid des stervendes. Do ghewunnen de joden arghe danken, unde wurden des to rade, dat se mit vorghifnisse hemeliker sake unde mit arghen dinghen tolegheden unde hulpen desseme vorbenomenden tokomenden stervende, uppe dat se dar nicht ane vordacht worden unde wolden sik vryen van der eghenscap, dar se inne syn. nu wolde Ghod, dat dit to wetene wart den mechtighen heren in den landen unde den guden steden; de worden des to rade, dat se de undat wreken wolden an den joden, unde sloghen se in manighen landen unde in menigher stat to dode.	666. In the same year (1348), Master Johan Dannekowe, the wisest master in the art of astronomy in the German lands at the time, wrote to his special friends about the plague that affected Magdeburg and Lübeck. He wrote: “Be aware of the cause of this plague, as I see it, which was an eclipse of the moon that occurred before the conjunction of the planets Jupiter and Saturn in the year of our Lord 1345, on the night of the Annunciation of Our Lady, during Lent, on the 29th day of March, and the following night of the same year. This eclipse happened in a human sign, namely in the sign of Libra (the Scales), and the ascendant of the partial eclipse was in the sting of Scorpio. Due to its position, the eclipse signified harm to humanity, and due to the ascendant, which is ruled by the planet Mars, it signifies death and disease, and furthermore, due to the influence of Scorpio's sting, it signifies poison. Because this mentioned eclipse occurred at the time of the conjunction of the great planets Saturn and Jupiter, as was spoken of before, since they both were in the same degree, it therefore indicates a prolonged assault, as the great master Ptolemy speaks of in the book Quadripartite. However, I hope that Germany will not suffer greatly from this omen, since Aries is the ruling sign over Germany, and Mars, the planet that governs Aries, was in the position of the ascendant for this eclipse. 667. Now, the Jews also had great masters in the same art of astronomy, who had foreseen the time of the plague long before. Then, the Jews developed evil intentions and decided to add to the impending plague by means of poison and wicked deeds, to avoid being blamed for it themselves and to free themselves from the distress they were in. But God willed that this knowledge came to the attention of the powerful lords in the lands and the good cities, who resolved to take revenge for this evil on the Jews, and they put many to death in numerous lands and various cities.”	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, pp. 513-514.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1348-01-25-Alsace	25 January 1348 JL	A great earthquake made big damage, especially in Carinthia and a big plague followed. Jews were burned and the flagellants walked around.	Ein schadeber ertbidem noch dem vil unglückes kam. Do men zalte 1348 jor, an sant Bawels tage [25.01.] also er bekert wart, do kam [ein] ertbidem in Elsas, der do nüt schedelich was. aber in andern landen det er grossen schaden, das in etlichen stetten die lüte nydervielent also ob in geswunden were. und dieser ertbideme kam vil tage nohenander, und sunderliche zu Kerneten, do zerviel die grosse stat Villach und me denne hundert bürge. ouch vielent in etlichen landen die berge zusamene und verfelletent stette und dörfer und was dozwüschent was, und verdarp also vil lütes, das dovon vil zu sagene were. und in dem selben jore und in dem nehesten jore donoch, do kam ouch ein grosser gemeiner sterbotte durch alle die welt. von des selben sterbotten wegen wurdent ouch die Juden gebrant und gingent die geischeler, also dovor bi andern sterbotten ist geseit.	A harmful earthquake, followed by misfortune In the year 1348, on the feast day of Saint Paul, as he was converted, a severe earthquake came to Alsace, which was not dangerous there. However, in other lands, it caused great damage, so that in some places people fell down as if they were disappeared. This earthquake came many days in a row, and particularly in Carinthia, where the large city of Villach was devastated, and more than a hundred citizens perished. Many mountains in various lands collapsed, destroying towns and villages, and what was there in between, so many people perished that it is difficult to describe. In the same year and in the following years, a great general mortality came through the whole world. Because of this mortality, Jews were also burned, and the flagellants walked around, what was said for the other plagues before.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 862.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1348-01-25-Italy	25 January 1348 JL	Earthquakes in entire Italy, in the cities Pisa, Bologna, Padua and strongest in Venice with great damages. They are omens for diaster and pestilence in the named cities and are signs for the Judgement Day. But even more worse the earthquakes were in Friuli, Aquileia and partly in Germany. Usuer admitted their sins and in the city Villach happened many miracles.	Di grandi tremuoti che furono in Vinegia, Padova, e Bologna, e Pisa. Nel detto anno, venerdì notte dì XXV di gennaio, furono diversi e grandissimi tremuoti in Italia nella città di Pisa, e di Bologna, e di Padova, maggiori nella città di Vinegia, nella quale ruvinarono infiniti fummaiuoli, che ve ne avea assai e belli; e più campanili di chiese e altre case nelle dette città s'apersono, e tali rovinarono. E significarono alle dette terre danni e pistolenze, come leggendo inanzi si potrà trovare. Ma i pericolosi furono la detta notte in Frioli, e inn-Aquilea, e in parte dalla Magna, sì fatti e per tale (p. 563) modo e con tanto danno, che dicendolo o scrivendolo parranno incredibili; ma per dirne il vero e non errare nel nostro trattato, sì cci metteremo la copia della lettera che di là ne mandaro certi nostri Fiorentini mercatanti e degni di fede, il tinore delle quali diremo qui apresso, scritte e date inn-Udine del mese di febraio MCCCXLVII. (p. 564) […] Per li quali miracoli e paura i prestatori a usura della detta terra, convertiti a penitenzia, feciono bandire che ogni persona ch'avessono loro dato merito e usura andasse a lloro per essa; e più d'otto dì continuarono di renderla […] (p. 565) Nella detta città di Villaco molte maraviglie v'apariro, che lla grande piazza di quella si fesse a modo di croce, della quale fessura prima uscì sangue e poi acqua in grande quantità. […] (p. 566) E nota, lettore, che lle sopradette rovine e pericoli di tremuoti sono grandi segni e giudici di Dio, e non sanza gran cagione e premessione divina, e di quelli miracoli e segni che Gesù Cristo vangelizzando predisse a' suoi discepoli che dovieno apparire alla fine del secolo.	Template:TN	Template:Giovanni Villani 1990, vol. 3, pp. 562-566.	None
1348-03-03-Constance	3 March 1348 JL	Jews were burned in Constance and Swabia, because they were accused of poisoning the people. This accusations was according to the author wrong. In addition the flagellants appeared.	Item anno domini 1348 an dem dritten tag im Mertzen wurdent die Juden verbrent ze Costentz, und wurdent och gar an mengen stetten in Schwaben verbrent. Und beschach das darumb, daß der erst groß tod angefangen hatt und zich man die Juden, sy trügent gift umb und dorumb stürbent die lüt. Es befand sich aber darnach, das den Juden unrecht beschach, dan der selb sterbet darnach vil lang weret, nachdem und sy verbrent wurden und och verschickt und verbotten. Und in dem gemelten jar giengen die lüt, die sich selbst geiselten.	In the year of Our Lord 1348, on the third day of March, the Jews were burned in Constance, and they were also burned in many towns in Swabia. This happened because the first great plague had begun, and people accused the Jews of carrying poison, which they believed was causing people to die. However, it was later found that the Jews were wronged, as the plague continued for a long time after they were burned, exiled, and banned. And in the same year, the people who flogged themselves also appeared.	Konstanzer Chronik 1891, p. 55	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1349-00-00-Constance	1349 JL	Great mortality in Constance.	1349. Anno 1349 in dem winter was gar ain grosser tod zu Costentz.	1349. Anno 1349, there was a great plague in Constance during the winter.	Konstanzer Chronik, p. 325	None
1349-00-00-Limburg	1349 JL	The Black Death strikes Limburg, but also Mainz and Cologne. In Limburg, the disease killed 2.400 people. From the fear of the plague arose the flagellants movement. A long description of the flagellants movement and their behaviour and rituals follows this source passage.	Item da man schreip dusent druhundert unde in dem nune unde virzigesten jare da quam ein groß sterben in Dusche lande, daz ist genant daz große erste sterben. Und storben si an den drusen, unde wen daz aneging, der starp an dem dretten dage in der maße. Unde storben di lude in den großen steden zu Menze, zu Collen unde also meistlichen alle dage me dan hondert menschen oder in der maße, unde in den kleinen steden als Limpurg storben alle dage zwenzig oder vir unde zwenzig oder drißig, also in der wise. Daz werte in etzlichen stat oder lande me dan dru virtel jahres oder ein jar. Unde storben zu Limpurg me dan vier unde zwenzig hondert menschen, ußgenommen kinde. Item da daz folk den großen jamer von sterbende sach, daz uf ertrich was, da filen di lude gemeinlichen in einen großen ruwen ire sunde unde suchten penitentien unde daden daz mit eigen willen unde namen den babest unde di heilige kirchen nit zu hilfe unde zu rade, daz große dorheit was unde groß vursumenisse unde vurdampnisse ire selen. Unde vurhauften sich di menner in den steden unde in dem lande unde gingen mit den geiseln hondert zweihundert oder druhondert oder in der maße. Unde was ir leben also, daz igliche partie gingen drißig dage mit der geiseten von einer stat zu der andern unde furten cruze unde fanen als in der kirchen unde mit kerzen unde tortisen. Unde wo si qwamen vur eine stat, da gingen si in einer procession zwene unde zwene bit einander bit in di kirchen; unde hatten hude uf, darane stunden vorne roden cruze, unde iglicher furte sine geiseln vur ime hangen unde songen ire leisen […]	In the year 1349, a great mortality occurred in the German lands, which is called the great first dying. They died of glandular disease, and when it started, people typically died on the third day. People died in the large cities like Mainz, Cologne, and almost daily more than a hundred people or thereabouts, and in the small towns like Limburg, twenty or twenty-five or thirty people died daily, similarly. This lasted more than three quarters of a year or a year in some cities or regions. In Limburg, more than twenty-four hundred people died, children excluded. When the people saw the great misery of the dying that was upon the earth, they generally fell into deep remorse for their sins and sought penance, doing so of their own will without seeking the aid and counsel of the Pope or the Holy Church. This was great folly, a great omission, and damnation of their souls. The men in the cities and the countryside banded together and went with the Flagellants in groups of one hundred, two hundred, or three hundred, or in similar numbers. Their way of life was such that each group went for thirty days with the Flagellants from one town to another, carrying crosses and banners as in church, with candles and torches. And when they came near a town, they would proceed in a procession, two by two, up to the church. They wore hats adorned with red crosses in the front, and each carried his scourge hanging before him, singing their chants [...]	Limburger Chronik 1883, p. 31.	Translation by Martin Bauch; None;
1349-00-00-Strasbourg 001	1349 JL	Greatest death ever in all over the world, which was followed by a burning of the jews and the flagellants movement.	In den selben ziten, also men zalte 1349 jore, do was der groeste sterbotte in aller der welte von dem men ie hette gehoert sagen. do wurdent ouch die Juden gebrant durch alle lant. do was ouch eine grosse geischelfart. von disen dingen allen wurt hernoch geseit in dem fünften capitel dis buches.	At the same time, in the year 1349, there was the greatest death in all the world of which one had heard them say. Then the Jews were also burned throughout the land. There was also a great flagellants movement. Of all these things it is still written in the fifth chapter of this book.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 480.	Translation by DeepL
1349-00-00-Strasbourg 002	1349 JL	Great mortality all over the world. In Marseille died more the half of the people. In the summer the plague arrived in Strasbourg and 16 thousend people died. The Jews were blamed for poisoning the water, which brought the plague. As a consequence they were burned in Strasbourg and other cities along the Rhine.	Von dem grossen sterbotte und Judenbrande Do men zalte 1349 jor, do was der groeste sterbotte der vor ie gewas: das sterben ging von eime ende der welte untz an das ander; gynesit und hie dissit des meres. in der heidenschaft was der sterbotte groesser denne in der cristenheit. Menig lant starp gerwe us, daz nieman me do was. men vant ouch menig schif uf dem mere mit koufmanschatz, do inne die lüte alle dot worent und nieman die schiffe furte. der bischof von Marsilien und pfaffen und müniche und alles volg do, das starp me denne das zweitel. In andern künigrichen und stetten starp so vil volkes, das es were gruwelichen zu sagende. der bobest zu Avion lies alles gerihte under wegen und beslos sich in eine kammer und lies nieman zu ime und hette allewegen ein gros für vor ime. und wovon dirre sterbotte [p. 760], das kundent alle wise meistere noch arzote nüt gesagen anders, denne das es were gottes wille. und so der sterbotte ignote hie was, so was er denne anderswo, und werte me denne ein gantz jor. Dirre sterbotte kam ouch gein Strosburg in dem summer des vorgenanten jores, und sturbent do also men schetzete uf 16 tusent menschen. Von diesem sterbotte wurdent die Juden in der welte verlümet und gezigen in allen landen, das sü es gemaht hettent mit vergift die sü in wasser und in burnen soltent geton han, also men sü zech. und derumb wurdent die Juden verbrant von dem mer untz in dütsche lant, one zu Avion, do beschirmete sü der bobest. […] (p. 763) Men brante die Juden An dem samstage, das was sant Veltins dag [14.02.], do verbrante men die Juden in irme kirchofe uf eime hültzin gerüste: der worent uf zwei tusent. Wele sich aber woltent lossen touffen, die lies men lebende. es wurdent ouch vil junger kinde us dem füre genomen über irer muter und vatter wille, die getouffet wurdent. und was men den Juden schuldig was, das wart alles wette, und wurdent alle pfant und briefe die sü hettent über schulde widergeben. aber das bar gut das sü hettent, das nam der rot und teilete es under die antwerg noch margzal. das gelt was ouch die sache (p. 764) dovon die Juden gedoetet wurdent: wan werent sü arm gewesen und werent in die landesherren nüt schuldig gewesen, so werent sü nüt gebrant worden. do nu dis gut geteilet wart under die antwerg, so gobent etliche ir teil an unser frowen werg oder durch got, noch ihres bihters rote. Sus wurdent die Juden gebrant zu Strosburg und des selben jores in allen stetten uf dem Ryne, es werent frige stette oder des riches oder der herren. in etlichen stetten brante men sü mit urteil, in etlichen one urteil. in etlichen stetten stiessent die Juden ire hüser selber ane und verbrantent sich dinne.	Of the Great Plague and the Burning of the Jews In the year 1349, there was the greatest plague that had ever been seen. This plague spread from one end of the world to the other, across seas and lands. It was worse in pagan lands than in Christendom. Many countries were so devastated that no one was left alive. It was common to find ships at sea with the goods where all the people on board were dead, and no one was left to steer the ship. In Marseille, the bishop, priests, monks, and nearly everyone perished—more than half of the population. In other kingdoms and cities, so many people died that it was horrific to recount. The Pope in Avignon abandoned all official duties, locked himself in a chamber, and allowed no one near him, always keeping a large fire burning before him. No wise master or physician could explain this plague except to say it was God's will. When the plague ceased in one place, it would begin elsewhere, lasting more than a year. This plague also reached Strasbourg in the summer of the aforementioned year, where an estimated 16,000 people died. Because of this plague, the Jews were accused and blamed throughout the world. They were charged in all countries with having caused the plague by poisoning wells and springs. As a result, the Jews were burned from the Mediterranean to the German lands, except in Avignon, where the Pope protected them. The Burning of the Jews. On Saturday, the day of Saint Valentine's [February 14th], the Jews in Strasbourg were burned in their cemetery on a wooden platform. About two thousand were burned. Those who agreed to be baptized were spared. Many young children were taken from the fire against the will of their parents and were baptized. All debts owed to the Jews were canceled, and all pledges and documents they held were returned. However, their movable goods were taken by the city council and divided among the authorities. This wealth was also the reason the Jews were killed: if they had been poor and not owed anything to the lords, they would not have been burned. When this wealth was divided among the authorities, some gave their share to the work of the Virgin Mary or for the sake of God, as directed by their confessor. Thus, the Jews were burned in Strasbourg and that same year in all towns along the Rhine, whether they were free cities, under the Empire, or under local lords. In some cities, the Jews were burned with a formal judgment, in others without one. In some places, the Jews set fire to their own houses and burned themselves inside.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, pp. 759-764	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1349-00-00-Strasbourg 003	1349 JL	Great dying in Strasbourg was simultaneously with the flagellants procession. Also about the burial traditions during and after the plague	Der grosse sterbotte. Do men zalte noch gotz gebürte 1349 jor, do was der groeste sterbotte zu Strosburg und durch die welt, also dovor bi der Juden brande ist geseit. Und alle die wile die vorgeschriben grosse geischelfart werte, die wile starp men ouch, und do die abegingent, do minrete sich ouch das sterben. das sterben was so gros, das zu iedem kirspel zu Strosburg alle tage worent 8 liche oder zehen, und das men die spittelgrube die bi der kirchen stunt, muste in einen witen garten machen. die lüte die do sturbent, die sturbent an bülen die sich erhubent under den armen oder an den beynen, und die do sterben soltent, die sturbent am dirten tage oder am vierden. und in weles hus das sterben kam, do horte es nüt uf mit eime. In den selben ziten wart zu Strosburg gebotten, das men keinen doten me sollte in die kirche zu begrebede tragen, noch sollte sü nüt über naht in den hüsern lossen, wan zestunt so sü gestürbent so solte men sü anstette begraben. wan vormols was gewonheit, das men die doten erlichen zu kirchen trug und lies sü in der kirchen untz men selmesse gesang: was der dote guter lüte so trugent in die guten, was er ein gebure so trugent in sine genossen. und do der sterbot ergie, do erloubete men die alte gewonheit wider. do worent die lüte in die nuwe gewonheit kumen, und wenne men einen doten sollte su grabe tragen, so woltes nieman gerne tun von ime selber, und beschametent sich gute lüte, das ir ungenossen sü soltent tragen oder das sü knehten soltent lonen. derumb gebot men es widerumbe. nu was ouch eine gewonheit: [p. 770] wenne man einen doten zu kirchen drug, so stürmete men mit den glocken gegen yme. das selbe det men ouch, so men den doten us der kirchen zu grabe trug. von disem sterbotte sturbent uf 16 tusent menschen zu Strosburg, und starp men doch nüt also vaste zu Strasburg also anderswo.	The great dying In the year 1349, there was the great dying in Strasbourg and across the world, as mentioned earlier in relation to the burning of the Jews. During the time of the great flagellant processions, people were dying continuously, and when the processions ended, the dying began to decrease. The plague was so severe that in every parish in Strasbourg, there were eight to ten funerals each day. The hospital burial pit next to the church became so full that a large garden had to be used for burials. Those who died suffered from swellings under their arms or on their legs, and those who were destined to die usually did so on the third or fourth day. In any house where the plague struck, it did not stop with just one death. During these times, it was decreed in Strasbourg that the dead should no longer be brought into the church for burial, nor should the dead be kept in houses overnight. Instead, as soon as someone died, they were to be buried immediately. Previously, it had been customary to carry the dead to the church with great honor, leaving them there until a requiem mass could be sung. If the deceased was from a noble family, they were carried by their peers; if they were a commoner, their neighbors would carry them. When the plague erupted, these old customs were reinstated. However, people had grown accustomed to the new way of doing things, and when it was time to carry a body to the grave, no one wanted to do it themselves. Good people felt ashamed to ask their neighbors to carry the dead or to pay servants to do it, so the old customs were reintroduced. There was also a tradition: when someone died and was carried to the church, the bells would be rung in mourning. The same was done when the body was taken from the church to the grave. Because of this plague, about 16,000 people died in Strasbourg. However, the dying in Strasbourg was not as high as in other places.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, pp. 769-770.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1349-02-09-Strasbourg	9 February 1349 JL	In Strasbourg, three leaders were expelled after the city granted protection to the Jews. Accusations arose that Jews had poisoned wells, leading to to torture, and persecutions. Around 2,000 Jews were burned, except those who converted to Christianity. This event coincided with the rise of the flagellant movement and a severe outbreak of plague.	Die nüwe anderunge zu Strosburg Do man zalt 1349 jor, an sente Appollonien dag [9. Februar] der uf einen [p. 127] mendag geviel, und diese drie meister zu Strosburg worent: her Goße Sturm und her Cuntze von Wintertur und her Peter Swarber ammanmeister, do wurdent sü alle drie verstoßen. und kam daz alsus. Die stat hette gut genomen von den Juden, und hetten sü getrofte uf ein zil und hette in des briefe wol versigelt geben und hetten ouch solichen friden: wer in ut hette geton, er muest es swerlicher hon verbeßert, wan hetters eim kristen geton. deruf ließent sich die Juden und wurdent also hochtragendes mutes, daz sü niemanne woltent vorgeben, und wer mit in hette zu dunde, der kunde kume mit in uberein kummen. darumbe wurdent sü verhaßet von meneglichen. Derzu viel ein gezig uf die Juden, daz sü soltent die bürnen und die waßer han vergiftet. des murmelte daz volk gemeinliche und sprochent, man solt sü verburnen. des wolt der rot nüt dun, man mohte danne beweren uf sü daz es wor were, oder daz süs selber verjehen. dar uf fing man ir etwie vil und kesteget sü sere mit dümende, der verjohent drie weis viere andere sachen, der sü schuldig worent, darumbe man sü radebrehte. doch verjohent sü nie, daz sü an der vergift schuldig werent. […] [p. 130] An der mittewoche swur man den rot, an dem dunrestage swur man in deme garten. an deme fritage ving man die juden, an dem samestage brante man die Juden, der worent wol uffe zwei tusent alse man ahtete. wele sich aber woltent lon toufen, die lies man leben. es wurdent ouch vil junger kinde von dem für genomen uber irre mueter und irre vetter wille, die geteufet wurdent. waz man den Juden schuldig waz, daz wart alles wette, unde wurdent alle pfant und briefe die sie hettent uber schulde wider geben. daz bar gut daz sü hettent, daz nam der rot und teiletes under die antwerg noch marczal. daz was ouch die vergift die die Juden dote. […] Des selben jores zu suneihten erhub sich die geischelfart und daz große sterben zu Strosburg, von dem do vor geschriben stot.	The New Changes in Strasbourg. In the year 1349, on the day of Saint Apollonia [February 9th], which fell on a Monday, these three leaders in Strasbourg were: Herr Goße Sturm, Herr Cuntze von Winterthur, and Herr Peter Swarber, the magistrate. All three were expelled, and it happened as follows: The city had taken goods from the Jews, and they had set a target and given them sealed letters of protection, ensuring them such peace: if anyone had harmed them, they would have to make severe amends, just as if they had harmed a Christian. The Jews relied on this and became so arrogant that they refused to submit to anyone, and anyone who had dealings with them could hardly come to an agreement. Because of this, they became hated by many. Furthermore, an accusation fell upon the Jews that they had poisoned the wells and the water. The common people murmured about this and said that they should be burned. The council did not want to do this unless it could be proven against them or unless they confessed themselves. As a result, many Jews were captured and severely tortured. Some of them confessed to three or four other charges they were guilty of, for which they were broken on the wheel. However, they never confessed to being guilty of poisoning. [...] On Wednesday, the [new] council took an oath, on Thursday they swore in the garden, on Friday they seized the Jews, and on Saturday they burned the Jews, who were estimated to be around two thousand in number. Those who wanted to convert to Christianity were allowed to live. Many young children were also taken from the fire against the will of their mothers and fathers and were baptized. Whatever was owed to the Jews was all gone, and all pledges and documents they had over debts were returned. The movable goods they had were taken by the council and divided among the authorities. That was also the alleged poisoning that killed the Jews. In the same year, during Solstice, the flagellant movement arose and the great mortality in Strasbourg, which has been written about before.	Fritsche Closener 1870, p. 126-130.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1349-06-00-Strasbourg 001	June 1349 JL	With the spreading of the plague in Germany, simultaneously the Flagellants movement arose. In the middle of June, 700 of them came to Strasbourg.	[117.] De principio pestilencie et flagellacionis in Alamannia Incipiente autem paulatim pestilencia in Alamannia ceperunt se populi flagellare transeuntes per terram. Et venerunt DCCC de Swevia Argentinam predicto anno XLIX in medio Iunii, habentes inter se unum principalem (p. 272) et duos alios magistros, quorum mandatis omnia parebant. […]	118. The beginning of the plague and scourging in Germany. As the disease gradually spread through Germany, people began to scourge themselves and travelled through the country. In the year 49, seven hundred from Swabia came to Strasbourg in the middle of June. They had a leader and two other masters, whose orders they all obeyed. [...] The masters then went round in a circle and exhorted them to implore the Lord for mercy for the people, for their benefactors, for their enemies, for all sinners, for those in purgatory and many others. [...]	Matthias de Nuwenburg Chronica 1924-40, pp. 271-272	None
1349-07-00-Strasbourg	July 1349 JL	Outbreak of the Black Death in Strasbourg with 16.000 vicitms, a detailed description of symptoms and course of the disease. The dating of the epidemic is parallel to the presence of flagellants in the city	Do man zalt 1349 jor, do die vorgeschribenen geischeler gen Strosburg koment, do kam ouch ein gemeinre schelme und ein sterben under die lute dar, daz nieman von ime selben gedohte noch von horsagenden, daz so großes sterbe ie do gewere. Und alle die wile daz die geischeler weretent, die wile starb man ouch, und do die abgegingent, do minret sich daz sterben ouch. Daz sterbe was so gros daz gemeinlich alle tage in iegelichem kirspel liche worent 7 oder 8 oder 9 oder 10 oder noch danne me, one die man zuo kloestern begruob und one die man in den spital druog: der waz als unzellich vil, daz man die spitelgruobe di bi der kirchen stuent, mueste in einen witen garten setzen, wann die alte gruobe zuo enge und zuo klein waz. Die lute die do sturbent, die sturbent alle an bülen und an druesen die sich erhubent under den armen und obenan an den beinen, und wen die bülen ankoment, die do sterben soltent, de sturben an dem vierden tage oder an dem virten oder an dem andern. Eteliche sturben ouch dez ersten tages. Es erbet ouch eins von dem anderen: dovon, in welhes hüs daz sterben kam, do hort es selten uf mit eime. [...] (p. 121) Man will ouch, daz von dem sterben zuo Strosburg stürbe 16 dusent lütes, doch starb minr lutes do noch margzahle, alse man sprach, wande in andern steten. Ouch wurdent ettelich lute erneret die die bulen hettent, den sü usgingen und ir genosent.	In the year 1349, when the mentioned flagellants came to Strasbourg, there also came a common epidemic and a pestilence among the people, so great that no one ever remembered or heard of such a great mortality. And all the while that the flagellants were present, people also died, and when they departed, the mortality decreased. The mortality was so great that generally every day in every parish there were 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or even more deaths, except for those who were buried in monasteries and those who were taken to hospitals: their number was so incredibly high that the pits dug next to the churches had to be moved to a wide garden, because the old pit was too narrow and too small. Those who died did so from swellings and boils that appeared under their arms and the upper part of their legs, and when the boils appeared, those who were supposed to die did so on the fourth day or the third or the second. Some even died on the first day. It also spread from one to another: where the mortality entered a house, it rarely ceased with just one person. [...] (p. 121) It is said that 16,000 people died in Strasbourg, but fewer people died there than elsewhere, as it was said. Also, some people were fed who had the boils, but they diasappeared and they recovered.	Fritsche Closener 1870, pp. 120-121.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1349-07-05-Strasbourg	5 July 1349 JL	200 flagellants arrived in Strasbourg and made their typical processions.	Von der grossen geischelfart. In dem vorgeschriben jore, do men zalte 1349 jor, als men vaste starp und die Juden brante, 14 tage nach sünigihten [solstice] do koment gein (p. 765) Strosburg uf 200 geischeler, die hettent leben und wise also ich ein teil hie sagen wil. zum ersten so hetten sü gar kosper vanen uf 8 oder 10 von semyt und sydin, und also menige gewunden kertze. die drug men in vor wo sü in stette oder dörfer gingent, und sturmete men alle glocken gegen in, und die geischeler gingent den vanen noch ie zwene und zwene mittenander, und hettent alle mentelin ane und huete uffe mit roten crüzen und zwene sungent vor und denne die andern alle noch.	About the Great Procession of the Flagellants. In the year 1349, when there was great mortality and Jews were being burned, 14 days after the summer solstice, 200 flagellants came to Strasbourg. They were living and behaving in a way I will describe here. First, they carried large banners with 8 or 10 images of saints and angels, and many wrapped candles. They processed through towns and villages, and all the church bells were rung in opposition to them. The flagellants marched in groups of two or three, each carrying a banner, and they all wore mantles and hats with red crosses. They sang in front, and the others followed.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 764-765	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1350-00-00-Germany	1350 JL	The dying by the Black Death ends, but now the jews were burned in Germany because they were accused of poisoning the Christians.	Item in dem selben jubileo [1350], da daz sterben ufhorde, da worden di juden gemeinlichen in disen Duschen landen irslagen und vurbrant. Daz daden di fursten, greben, herren unde stede, ane alleine der herzoge von Osterrich, der enthilt sine juden. Unde gap man den juden scholt, daz si den cristenluden vurgeben hetten, umb daz si also sere gestorben waren. Da wart ir fluchen kundig, daz si selbes in getan hatten uf den heiligen karfridag, want man in der passien leset: "Sanguis eius super nos et super filios nostros. Daz bedudet also: Sin blut ge ober uns under ober unse kinde.	In this jubilee year (1350), when the dying stopped, the Jews were generally slain and burned in these German lands. This was done by the princes, counts, lords and cities, without the Duke of Austria, who kept his Jews. And the Jews were blamed for poisoning the Christians, which is why so many of them had died. Then their curse came true, which they themselves had put on the holy Good Friday, as we read in the Passion: "Sanguis eius super nos et super filios nostros". This means: His blood be on us and on our children.	Limburger Chronik 1883, p. 35.	Translation by DeepL
1350-00-00-Mainz	1350 JL	Great mortality all over the world.	Tunc anno 50. facta est pestilentia generalis per totum mundum, et mortua est ultra quam tercia pars hominum et de omni gente.	In the year 1350 raged in the entire world an general plague. More than one third of all races died from it.	Chronicon Moguntinum 1885, p. 4.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack; None;
1350-05-24-Lübeck	24 May 1350 JL	Great plague with high victim numbers all over the german lands. The plague happened due to Gods will and he used the planets and stars as instruments to fulfill it. The plague is the punishment for the sins of the people.	681. In deme sulven jare des somers van pinrsten bet to sunte Mychaelis daghe do was so grot stervent der lude in allen Dudeschen landen, dat des ghelikes ne was ervaren, unde het noch de grote dot, hir umme dat he mene was over vele lant, ok dat he krestich was over vele lude, also dat an vele steden de teynde mynsche kume bles levendich. in der stad to Lubeke storven by eneme naturliken daghe sancti Laurentii (p. 522), van der ener vesper tho der anderen 25 hundert volkes betalt. de lude ghinghen alse doden, unde er sturven vele van angheste unde vruchteden, wente se weren des umbewonet. Wat de sake weren des stervendes unde der anderen, de dar na quemen, dat is Gode bekannt unde is vorbedecket an den vorborghenen schatten siner grundelosen wisheyt; allenen, dat vor is hir beschreven, dat de planeten unde sternen scholden anvlote gheven to deme stervende, dat is war, dat se nicht en synt de erste unde hogeste sake, mer God allenen; de planeten sint men instrumenta unde tekene; vormiddels den werket God unde vullenbringhet sinen willen. Ik love, dat de bosheit der lude, de sik vormeret an der lesten tiit der werlde unde wert jo groter unde groter, si en sake, dar sik umme vormeren ok de wrake der pyne, also de lerer willen der hilgen schrift. unde is dat also, so sint desse stervende, orloghe, vorretnisse unde al de plaghe, de nu scheen, mer de tekene, de Cristus hest ghesproken in den hilgen ewangelien, dat se scholen scheen vor der lesten tiid; wo langhe vore, dat is nicht beschreven, wente Gode is dat alleneghen bekant.	681. In the same year (1350), from Pentecost until St. Michael's Day in the summer, there was such a great death among people in all German lands that nothing like it had ever been experienced. It was considered the Great Death because it spread across many lands and claimed the lives of many people. In many places, barely one in ten people remained alive. In the city of Lübeck died only at one day 2,500 people, from one evening prayer on the feast day of St. Lawrence to the next. People left as dead people, and many also died from fear and dread. The reasons for this mortality and other calamities that followed are known only to God, concealed in the hidden depths of His boundless wisdom. However, it is written here that the planets and stars were thought to have some influence on the spread of the plague, though they were not the primary or highest cause—only God Himself is. The planets are merely instruments and signs through which God works and fulfills His will. I believe that the increasing wickedness of people, which has grown in these latter days of the world and continues to grow, may also be a cause, as the teachings of Holy Scripture suggest, for which God's punishment and wrath increase as well. If this is so, then the deaths, wars, betrayals, and all the plagues we now see are merely signs that Christ spoke of in the Holy Gospels, which are to appear before the end times. How long before, however, is not recorded, as only God alone knows.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, pp. 521-522.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1352-10-18-Constance	18 October 1352 JL	Great mortality in Constance for a year.	Anno 1352 in die beati Lucae evangeliste (18 October) hub ain großer sterbat an und weret ain ganz jar.	in the year 1352 on the day of Saint Luke the Evangelist (October 18th) a great death began and lasted one year.	Konstanzer Chronik 1891, p. 60.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1356-00-00-Hesse	1356 JL	The pestis secunda strikes Hesse and Central Germany, in combination with a bad harvest and dearth of foodstuffs.	Item in disem selben jare irhup sich groß jamer, unde qwam daz zweite groß sterben, also daz di lude an allen enden in Duschen landen stoben mit großen haufen an der selben suchte, als si sturben in dem ersten sterben. Unde war ez nit enqwam in disem jare, dar qwam ez in dem andern jare, unde ging alumb. Auch so galt daz korn unde di fruchte sin gelt, daz ez an manichem lande gar hertlichen unde komerlichen wart sten, unde sunderlichen in Hessen, in Westfalen unde dar umb unde anderswo. Item der win galt groß gelt, mit namen so galt ein qwart wines von Elsaßen zu Limpurg funf engelsen, daz ist war, unde der lantwin unde von Rine einen schilling pennige.	In this same year (1356), great sorrow arose, and there came the second great dying, so that people everywhere in the German lands died in large numbers from the same sickness as they did in the first dying. And if it did not happen in this year, it happened in the next year and continued to roam. Also, the price of grain and other crops rose significantly, causing hardship and trouble in many lands, especially in Hessen, Westphalia, and surrounding areas. Moreover, the price of wine rose greatly, for example, a quarter of wine from Alsace cost five "English" in Limburg, that is true, and the local wine and that from the Rhine cost a shilling pennies.	Limburger Chronik 1883, p. 46.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1356-00-00-Würzburg 001	1356 JL	Great plague in Würzburg and Franconia.	Von ainem sterben In dem jare des heren 1356 ist zu Wirtzburg vnd daselbstumb im land zu Francken ain heftige pestilentz angefallen, die ser vil leüt hinweg genomen hat	About an dying. In the year of the lord 1356 was a great plague in Würzburg and in Franconia, which took the lives of many people.	Template:Chronik oder Historie von den Bischöfen von Würzburg 1992-2004, Vol. 2 (1994), p. 356.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1358-00-00-Strasbourg	1358 JL	A plague came to Strasbourg, similar to the previous one, thus a new graveyard had to be built.	Ein sterbote. Do man zalt 1358 jor, do kam ein gemein sterben zu Strosburg uf die selbe zit des jores. daz was nüt also groß alse daz vorder, doch was es nüt vil kleiner. daz kam von Niderlant heruf, do kam das erste von Oberlande herabe. zu disen zwein sterboten gebrast armen luten begrebede zu dem munster, darumbe maht man dernoch einen nüwen lichofe bi der steinhütten. daz geschach in dem jore do man zalt von gotz gebürte 1360 jor.	A dying In the year 1358, a widespread plague came to Strasbourg at the same time of year. It was not as severe as the previous one, but it was not much smaller. This plague came up from the lower land, whereas the first one had come down from the upper land. Due to these two plagues, the burial ground for the poor overflowed, and thus a new graveyard was established near the stone cottage. This happened in the year 1360 according to the counting from the birth of Christ.	Fritsche Closener 1870, p. 121.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1358-00-00-Strasbourg 001	1358 JL	A plague which came from the lower land and a new cemetery had to be built.	Ein sterbotte. Do men zalte 1358 jor, do was ein gros sterbotte zu Strosburg. der kam von Nyderlant heruf und das erste sterben kam von Oberlant herabe. in disem sterbotte gebrast armen lüten begrebede zu dem münster, derumb mahte men dernoch einen nuwen lichof zum münster bi der steinhütten, noch gotz gebürde 1360 jor.	A dying. In the year 1358, a great dying was in Strasbourg, which came from the lower land and the first dying came from the upper land. In this plague burial space for the poor people at the cathedral became full, so in 1360, a new cemetery was created next to the church near the stone houses.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 771.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1359-00-00-Baltic sea	1359 JL	Great plague in the cities by the Baltic Sea, especially long in Stralsund.	698. In deme jare Cristi 1359 des somers was grot stervent in allen steden bi der zee, unde warde to deme Sunde aller lenghest bet na twelften.	698. In the year of Christ 1359 in the summer was a great dying in all cities by the sea, and lasted the longest in Stralsund until after the Twelve Days of Christmas.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, p. 528.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1359-00-00-Melbing	1359 JL	Great plague in Melbing.	700. In deme somere des sulven jares do was so grot pestilencia to den Melbinghe in Prutzen, dat binnen korter tiid sturven dar wol 13 dusent volkes.	700. In the summer of the same year (1359) there was such a great plague in Melbing in Prussia, that around 13 thousand people died in a short time.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, p. 529.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1363-00-00-Strasbourg	1363 JL	Death in Strasbourg.	Ein sterbotte. Do men zalte 1363 jor, do kam in dem summer ein sterbotte szo Strosburg, der werte lange.	In 1363, a dying came to Strasbourg in the summer, that lasted long.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 771.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1363-00-00-Würzburg 001	1363 JL	Great plague in Würzburg and surroundings.	Vnd des selbigen jors ist abermols ain grosser sterbe zu Wirtzburg in der stat vnd vf dem gantzen land herumb gewest vnd sein ser vil leut hinweg gestorben.	And in the same year (1383) was again a great dying in Würzburg in the city and in the surroundings and many people passed away.	Template:Chronik oder Historie von den Bischöfen von Würzburg 1992-2004, Vol. 2 (1994), p. 362.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1365-00-00-Limburg	1365 JL	The pestis tertia strikes Limburg and Central Germany, mortality is lower than in the previous plague waves, but the local count, Gerlach of Limburg, dies.	Item da man schreip dusent druhondert unde funf unde seszig jar als vur, da was daz große drette sterben. Unde was daz sterben meßlicher dan di ersten sterben, also daz si mit zehen oder zwelf menschen den dag storben in steden als Limpurg unde dem glich sint. Unde starp her Gerlach herre zu Limpurg.	In the year 1365, there was the great third dying. This dying was more moderate than the first two, so that people died at a rate of ten or twelve per day in cities such as Limburg and similar places. And Lord Gerlach, the lord of Limburg, died.	Limburger Chronik 1883, p. 54.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1365-00-00-Limburg01	1365 JL	A minor plague strikes Limburg.	Item in eodem anno erat tercia pestilencia et minima.	Also, in the same year (1365), there was a third and relatively minor pestilence.	Limburger Chronik 1883, Limburger Annalen, p. 112.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1365-00-00-Strasbourg	1365 JL	Price increase and plague during the stay of Englishmen in the Alsace region	Türunge. Donoch in den andern joren kam missewahs und müse die die fruht verossent, das diese türunge wol 6 jor annander werte. und wenne korn underwilen abe fluog in einre ernen, daz ein viertel kam an 8 sol. oder an 10 sol. d., so sluog es in dem jore wider uf, also das ein viertel kornes die 6 jor gewonlichen galt 10 sol. Oder 12 sol. und dicke ein pfunt oder 18 sol. Darzuo koment ouch sterbotte, also daz noch disen [p. 490] Englendern vil unglückes kam in Elsas. aber noch den andern Engelendern die darnoch koment über zehen jor, kam kein breste noch türunge, wie wol es ein grosser volg was und lunger in dem lande logent denne die vördern Engelender. und von den selben andern Engelendern wurt hernoch geseit in dem fünften capitel.	Price increase. After that, in the following years, there was a poor harvest, and the crops were ruined, so that this price increase lasted for about six years in a row. And when grain sometimes fell in price during a harvest, so that a quarter of it cost 8 or 10 shillings, it would rise again that same year, so that a quarter of grain, which usually cost 10 or 12 shillings during those six years, sometimes reached a pound or 18 shillings. Additionally, there was also a plague, so that after the Englishmen great misfortune befell the Alsace. But in the years following the other Englishmen, who came over the next ten years, there was no more plague or price increase, although it was a great people, and they stayed longer then the first Englishmen. More about those other Englishmen will be mentioned in the fifth chapter.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 489-490.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1367-00-00-Lübeck	1367 JL	Great plague in Lübeck.	729. In deme sulven jare was grot pestilencia to Lubeke, unde dar sturven merkliker lude van den rikesten vul na so vele als in deme ersten dode.	729. In the same year (1367) was a great plague in Lübeck and many of the wealthiest people died of it, almost as many as in the first death.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, p. 538.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1369-00-00-Lombardy	1369 JL	The king tried to conquer the Lombardy, but without success. The lords of Meygelon flooded a river (Po?), nearly drowning the emperor's army. A plague also struck the army.	do meinde der keyser, er wolte das lant han, und reysete in dem lande zu Lamparten von ostern untz sant Michels tag, doch gewan er keine stat noch vesten. und die herren von Meygelon verswelletent das wasser genant der Pot, und mahtent es usgona über das velt do der keyser und sin volg lag, das der keyser und das volg kume entrunnent, daz sü nüt erdrunkent. ouch kam gros sterbotte under das volg und sunderliche under die Beheme, der unzelliche vil do was.	The emperor intended to conquer the land and campaigned in the region of Lombardy from Easter until Saint Michael's Day. However, he did not succeed in capturing any town or fortress. The lords of Meygelon flooded the river called the Pot, causing it to overflow onto the field where the emperor and his army were camped. The emperor and his troops barely escaped drowning. Additionally, a great plague struck the army, particularly affecting the Bohemians, resulting in an innumerable number of deaths.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 491	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1373-00-00-Toruń	1373 JL	Great plague in the cities by the Baltic Sea.	In deme sulven jare was grot stervent to Thorun in Prutzen unde in vele anderen steden.	In the same year (1373) was a great dying in Toruń in Prussia and in many other cities.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, p. 549.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1374-06-21-Germany	21 June 1374 JL	This passage talks about the "dancing mania" in the region along the Rhine and Moselle. People danced uncontrollably, sometimes for half a day. Some participants exploited the situation for money and immoral behavior. The event seen as a heresy lasted around sixteen weeks and was believed by some to be a sign of the coming Antichrist.	Item da man schreip druzenhondert jar unde in dem vir unde sibenzigesten jare zu mittesomer da irhup sich ein wunderlich gedinge uf ertrich unde sunderlichen in Duschem lande uf dem Rine unde uf der Moseln, also daz Iude huben an zu danzen unde zu rasen, unde stunden i zwei gen ein unde danzeten uf einer stat einen halben dag, unde in dem danzen so filen si etwan dicke nider uf di erden unde lißen sich mit fußen dretten uf iren lip; da von namen si sich an, daz si genesen weren. Unde lifen von einer stat unde von einer kirchen zu der andern unde huben gelt von den Iuden, wo in daz sin mochte. Unde wart di dinge also vil, daz man zu Colne in der stat me dan funfhondert denzer fant. Unde fant man, daz cz duisserie was unde ketzerie, unde geschach umb geldes willen, daz ir endeiles! frauwen unde manne in unkuscheit mochten leben unde di vollen zu bringen. Unde fant man, daz zu Collen me dan hondert frauwen unde dinstmeide, di nit eliche manner enhatten, di worden in der danzerie alle kinde tragen. Unde wanne das si danzeten, so bonden unde knebelten si sich umb den lip hart zu, daz si deste geringer weren. Heruf sprechent endeiles meister, sunderlichen di guden arzide, daz endeiles worden danzen, di von heißer naturen waren, unde von anderen gebrechlichen naturlichen sachen, Danne der was wenig, den daz geschach. Di meister von der heiligen schrift di besworen der denzer endeiles, di meinten, daz si beseßen weren von dem bosen vigende. Also nam ez ein betrogen ende. Unde werte wol seszen wochen in disen landen oder in der maße. Auch namen di vurgenanten denzer, so manne so frauwen, sich ane, daz si kein rot gewant mochten gesehen. Unde was ez allez duisserie, unde ist ez vurbotschaft gewest Endecristes nach mime bedunken.	In 1374, at midsummer, a marvellous thing happened on earth, especially in the German lands along the Rhine and the Moselle. People began to dance and race and stood two against one and danced in one place for half a day. While dancing they often fell to the ground and had their feet stamped on their bodies; they assumed that they had recovered. They ran from one town and from one church to another, collecting money from the people where it was given to them. And there were so many of them that more than five hundred dancers were found in the city of Cologne. And it was found that it was fraud and heresy, and was done for the sake of money, so that some of them, women and men, could live in unchastity and perform it. And it was found that in Cologne more than a hundred women and maids, who had no husband, were all carrying children at the dance. When they danced, they bound and gagged themselves tightly around the waist to appear slimmer. Some masters, especially the good doctors, said that some of them danced because they were of a hot-tempered nature, and for other vicious reasons. But there were few to whom this happened. The masters of the Holy Scriptures conjured up some of the dancers and thought that they were possessed by the evil enemy. And so it came to a fraudulent end. And it lasted sixteen weeks or about that long in this country. The aforementioned dancers, both men and women, also pretended that they could not see a red robe. But it was all deception and, methinks, a premonition of the Antichrist.	Limburger Chronik 1883, p. 64	Translation by DeepL
1376-00-00-Stralsund	1376 JL	Great plague in Stralsund and Wismar.	772. In deme sulven jare was grot pestilencie bi der zee in vele steden, sunderliken to deme Sunde unde to der Wismer.	772. In the same year (1376) a great plague by the sea in many cities, especially in Stralsund and in Wismar.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, p. 556.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1378-00-00-Dorpat	1378 JL	Great plague in the diocese of Dorpat.	796. In deme sulven jare was grot pestilencie in deme stichte van Darpte, also dat kume de seeste minsche blef levendich.	796. In the same year (1378) was a great plague in the diocese of Dorpat, so that only a sixth of the people stayed alife.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, p. 563.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1379-00-00-Nuremberg	1379 JL	Great plague in Nuremberg and Bamberg that led to insects flying densely in the air.	801. By der tiid in deme somer do was een grot plage bi deme Rine tusschen Norenberge unde Bavenberge, dat de lucht was so vul wormete, also dat de rupen unde de loofvorsche vlogen so dicht, dat kume de lude kunden dar dor wanderen. dit betekende een grot stervent, dat na was komende in den landen.	801. At the time in the summer (1379), there was a great plague by the "Rine" [Regnitz?] between Nuremberg and Bamberg, so that the air was so full of worms, and also the caterpillars and tree frogs flied densely, that reported the people, who walked there. This signified a great death, that was soon to come to the lands.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, p. 564.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1381-00-00-Strasbourg	1381 JL	Great death in Strasbourg in the summer, which made the churches so rich, that they could be replaced by newer larger ones.	Ein sterbotte zu Strosburg. Do men zalte noch gotz gebürte 1381 jor, do was ein grosser sterbotte in dem summer zu Strosburg: den schetzete men also gros und langewerende, also ie keinre vor was zu Strosburg gewesen. von disem sterbotte wurdent die kirchen also rich, das men die alten kirchen zu Strosburg zu sant Martin, zu sant Niclawes gynesit Brüsch und zum alten sant Peter abrebrach und nuwe witer kirchen dar mahte.	A dying in Strasbourg. In the year 1381, there was a great dying in Strasbourg in the summer: it was so big and durated so long, then never before. The churches have become so rich, that the old churches of St. Martin, St. Nicholas and the old St. Peter were torn down and replaced with new, wider churches.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 772-773.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1382-00-00-Erfurt01	1382 JL	A plague in Erfurt results in a mass grave situated on the Petersberg	Anno 1382 Ist eine grosse pestilentz in Erffurd gewesen, do hatt man eine gruben auf S. Petersberg gemacht, do sindt 13 schock vnd 15 menschen begraben worden.	In the year 1382, there was a great pestilence in Erfurt, where a pit was dug on St. Petersberg, and 795 people were buried there.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 127.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1383-00-00-Limburg	1383 JL	A more modest plague strikes Limburg.	Item in diser zit was daz drette sterben, in der maße als di erste sterben waren; dan daz meßlicher was.	During this time, there was the third dying, occurring at a similar rate to the first dying, albeit somewhat more moderate.	Limburger Chronik 1883, p. 76.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1383-00-00-Limburg01	1383 JL	A plague strikes Limburg.	Anno Domini millesimo tricentesimo 80. tercio pestilencia regnavit in Limpurg ita maxime, quod magis quam 1300 homines moriebantur.	In the year of our Lord 1380, the third pestilence reigned in Limburg so greatly that more than 1300 people were dying.	Limburger Chronik 1883, Limburger Annalen, p. 112.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1383-00-00-Rome	1383 JL	Plague in Rome which led among other things to the flight of the pope Urban to the city Tivoli.	835. In deme jare Cristi 1383 do toch van Rome paves Urbanus mit sinen cardinalen to Neapolis; dar bles he langhe tiid, unde en dachhte nicht wedder to Rome to komende dorch groter bedwengnisse willen unde not, de he let to Rome. he sprak, dat he wolde theen ute der pestilencie, de do grot was to Rome. he toch in de stad Tiburtin mit (p. 578) der Prignisse.	835. In the year of Christ 1383, Pope Urban, along with his cardinals, left Rome for Naples; there he stayed for a long time and did not plan to return to Rome because of the great hardships and troubles he had left behind there. He said that he wanted to escape the plague, which was then widespread in Rome. He withdrew to the city of Tibur (Tivoli) with the Curia.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 1, pp. 577-578.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1387-00-00-Europe	1387 JL	Great plague all over the world	883. In deme sulven jare was en grot plage menliken over de werlt, also dat de lude sere hosteden, unde dar starf vele wolkes van.	883. In the same year (1387) was a great human plague over the world, so that the people coughed severely, and many people died from it.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 2, p. 18.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1387-00-00-Hamburg	1387 JL	Great plague in Hamburg, Wismar and Ribnitz.	881. In dem sulven jare was grot pestilencie to hamborch, to der Wismere, to Ribnisse; de warde byna en jaar.	881. In the same year (1387) was a great plague in Hamburg, Wismar and Ribnitz; it lasted almost one year.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 2, p. 17.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1387-00-00-Strasbourg	1387 JL	A deadly disease came to Strasbourg, which was strongest during the Lent.	Ein siechtage von dem flosse. Do men zalte 1387 jor, do kam ein gemeinre siechtage in alle lant von dem flosse und huften, das under zehen menschen kume eis gesunt bleip. und wurdent die lüte in dem selben siechtagen verrihtet und bewart zum tode, doch koment sü vil bi alle uf, one die alten lüten die disen siechtagen von alter und von swacheit nüt möhtent überwinden: der starp vil. dirre sichtage was aller groest in der vasten. dovon hette men in der selben vasten veil fleisch, eyger und ander ding, also ob es uffewendig der vasten were gewesen. Disen siechtagen nantent etliche den ganser oder den bürzel.	A disease of the flux. In the year 1387, a widespread disease of the flux and pestilence came to all lands, and it was feared that out of ten people, only one would remain healthy. During this same plague, people were afflicted and died, but many died, except for the elderly who could not overcome the plague due to age and weakness. This plague was the worst during Lent. During that Lent, people consumed a lot of meat, eggs, and other foods, as if it were necessary for Lent. Some referred to this plague as the "ganser" or the "bürzel."	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 772	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1388-06-29-Lübeck	29 June 1388 JL	Great plague in Lübeck until the intervention of God	896. In deme sulven jare was pestilentia so grot to Lubeke, dat van sunte Peters und Pauls dage bet der weken vor sunte Mertens dage storven dar wol 16 000 volkes; unde do vorbarmede sik God dar over dat dat stervent uphelt.	896. In the same year (1388) was the plague so strong in Lübeck, that from the Feast of Saints Peter and Paul to the before Saint Martin's Day died around 16 000 people; and then God had mercy on them, so that the dying stopped.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 2, p. 24.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1389-00-00-Lübeck	1389 JL	Great plague in Lübeck and north of the Elbe.	910. In deme sulven jare was grot pestilencia in allen landen unde steden, belegen in dat norden van der elve ane alleyne in der stad to Lubeke; de vorzach God mit sinen gnaden.	910. In the same year (1389) was a great plague in all lands and cities, in the north of the Elbe River and particularly in the city of Lübeck; than God forgave with His mercy.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 2, p. 30.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1393-00-00-Eisenach	1393 JL	A mortality in Eisenach kills 3.400 people in half a year.	In deme selbin jare (1393) was also eyn großis sterbin das man beschrebin hatte XXXIIII hundert mensche yn eyme halbin jare.	In the same year (1393) there was a great mortality, and 3.400 people died in half a year, as it has been written.	Johannes Rothe 2007, p. 133.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1394-00-00-Halle	1394 JL	Great plague and fire in Halle.	994. In deme sulven jare do was in der stad to halle in Sassen grot bedrufnisse: de koge was dar swinde grot von mercliken luden, de (p. 61) dar sturven; ok was to der sulven tiid grot brant van erme eghenen vure also dat dat drudde del der stadt vorbrande.	994. In the same year (1394) there were great happenings in the city Halle in Saxony: the plague affected a huge amount the people, who died of it; in the same time there was a great fire from an own blaze, so that the horror burned down the city.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 2, p. 60-61.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1395-00-00-Limburg	1395 JL	A severe plague strikes Limburg.	Item in den selben jaren da waren große sterben in Duschen landen. Unde der großen pestelencien han ich vir gesehen und irlebet.	In those same year (1395), there were great dyings in the German lands. And I have seen and experienced four of these great pestilences.	Limburger Chronik 1883, p. 90.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1395-07-20-Gelnhausen	20 July 1395 JL	Many people died in Gelnhausen in the summer of 1395. The dying started on the day of St Margaret (the Virgin, July 20th).	Anno 1395. großes Sterben zu Gelnhusen. In dem jare noch Crists geburte MoCCColxxxv jare in dem sommer zu Sancte Margarethen tage hub ein sterben an, hie czu Gelnhusen, und sturben mer dann XXIc mentschen.. davon wart die stad ser wußte. und die ußern gaßen, die deß males in guden buwen stunden, sint sieder verfalln und zu garthen gemacht.	In the year 1395. Great death in Gelnhausen. In the year after the birth of Christ 1395 in the summer on the day of St Margaret there started a dying here in Gelnhausen and more than 2100 people died. By this the town was devastated and the outer streets, which were in good shape at the time, have expired since then and have been made gardens.	Stadtbuch der Stadt Gelnhausen (1361–1503), HStA Marburg, Bestand S, Nr. 323, fol. 37r.	Translation by Christian Oertel
1396-07-25-Lübeck	25 July 1396 JL	Great plague in Lübeck, Wismar and it spread even to Saxony.	1039. In dem zommere des sulven jares do was alto grot koghe in Nedderlande, sunderliken to Lubeke unde to der Wismer, dar alto vele volkes starff, unde vort ummelanges bet in Sassen. de pestilencia warde to Lubeke van sunthe Jacobes dage bet to sunte Mertens daghe; noch en vorletet nicht de stede degher, it en helde jo an dat jar doregandes. unde dat meste der lude storwen in den drosen dat jar dore; sunderliken storven alto vele vrowen an der hort, wente it was do een scoltjar dat sere is to vruchtende.	1039. In the summer of the same year (1396) was also a great plague in the lower countries, especially in Lübeck and in Wismar, so that many people died of it, and it spread to Saxony. The plague was in Lübeck from Feast of Saint James to Saint Martin's Day; yet it did not struck the city entirely, as it hold on throughout the year. And the majority of people died on the glands throughout the year; especially many women died (of the disease?), as it was a leap year, you have to be very afraid.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 2, p. 90.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1397-00-00-Strasbourg	1397 JL	A dying came to Strasbourg and surrounding area. After processions by the local clerics the mortality diminished. The plague arose and diminished for the next 8 years.	Ein sterbotte und ein crüzegang. Do men zalte 1397 jor, do kam aber ein sterbotte gein Strosburg und in das lant do umb: ein gefueger, doch werte er me denne zwei jor. aber in Westerich und in Swoben und in andern landen was er vil groesser denne zu Strosburg, und sturbent die lüte an der bülen, und sturbent junge lüte vester denne die alten. Und donoch in dem andern jore, also men zalte 1398 jor, an aller heilgen obent, do mahte die pfafheit zu Strosburg einen crüzegang, und ging ieder orden umb sin closter mit dem sacramente. also dotent ouch die stifte und weltlichen pfaffen umb ire kirchen, das got sollte dis sterben wenden. Donoch werte das sterben bescheidenliche, und ie so es ein jor oder ein halbes ufgehorte, do ving es denne wider ane, doch bescheidenliche, und das treip es wol 8 jor nohenander.	Mortality and a Pilgrimage In the year 1397, a plague came to Strasbourg and the surrounding lands. It lasted for more than two years. However, in Westrich, Swabia, and other lands, it was much worse than in Strasbourg, and people died from the plague, with young people dying more than the old. In the following year, 1398, on All Saints' Day, the clergy in Strasbourg organized a pilgrimage and each order went around their monastery with the sacrament. Similarly, the convents and secular clergy went around their churches to implore God to stop the plague. After that, the plague was modest, and ceased for a year or half a year, but then it returned, albeit less severely. It continued intermittently for about eight more years.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 773.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1397-05-00-Limburg	May 1397 JL	Mortality in Limburg at the time of the grain and grape blossom	20. Anno Domini millesimo tricentesimo nonagesimo septimo [1397] tempore Maii floruerunt blada simul et botri, et eodem tempore fuit magna pestilencia, et in mense Iulio eodem anno inventi sunt botri maturi.	In the year of our Lord 1397, during the month of May, the grain and grape clusters blossomed simultaneously, and during that same time, there was a great plague. In the month of July of that same year, ripe grape clusters were found.	Limburger Chronik 1883, Limburger Annalen, p. 112.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1398-00-00-Thuringia	1398 JL	A plague in Nordhausen, Mühlhausen, Eisleben, Sangershausen and other parts of Thuringia	Anno 1398 hatte die pestilentz zu Northausen, Mulhausen vnd daselbst herumb, auch zu Eißleben, Sangerhausen vnd an andern orten, sehr vmb sich gefressen.	In the year 1398, the plague had spread extensively in Nordhausen, Mühlhausen, and the surrounding areas, as well as in Eisleben, Sangerhausen, and other places, causing great devastation.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 129	Translation by Martin Bauch
1401-08-00-Cologne	August 1401 JL	A mortality breaks out in Cologne from August to October.	In dem selven jar augusti, septembri, octobri stroven de lude sere in Colen an den brosen inde van boser hizen van inbinnen.	In the same year (1401) in the month of August, September and October the people died in Cologne because of brosen and of bad heat (fever) from inside.	Cölner Jahrbücher, p. 91.	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1403-00-00-Eisenach	1403 JL	A comet seen in 1403 is interpreted as a sign for the epidemic striking Eisenach and probably also Thuringia in the following year	Nach Cristi gebort tußent CCCCII jare, da wart eyn stern gesehen mit eyme langen czagile, das ein vorczeichen was eyns großen sterbens, das denne quam in deme andern jare dar nach.	In 1403 there was a star with a long tail, an omen for the great mortality that happened the following year	Johannes Rothe 2007, p. 90	Translation by Martin Bauch
1403-03-00-Strasbourg	March 1403 JL	In Strasbourg was a sickness affecting the hips and the ulcers, which raged in many monasteries.	Aber ein siechtage von dem flosse. Do men zalte 1403, in der vasten, do was aber ein siechtage von dem hueften und von dem flosse also gros also der dovor geschriben stet, das in menigem closter die müniche also floessig worent, das sü one singen und one messe worent, und uf meniger grossen stift kume zwene oder drige singen möhtent und die andern floessig worent uns siech. und [p. 773] bleip wenig ieman über in der stat und in dem lande, in keme dirre siechtage ane. und zu ostern was er aller groessest.	But there was a sickness of the ulcers. In the year 1403, during Lent, there was a sickness affecting the hips and the ulcers, as severe as the one previously described. In many monasteries, the monks were so ill of ulcers that there was no singing and mess, and in some smaller chapters, only two or three were able to sing while the others were sick. In the town and the country, very few people were left untouched by this sickness. At Easter, it was at its worst.	Jacobus Twinger von Königshofen: Chronik 1870-71, pp. 772-773.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1406-00-00-Eisenach	1406 JL	A general mortality in Eisenach.	In deme selbin jare (1406) da wart eyn gemeyne sterbin.	In the same year (1406) there was a general mortality.	Johannes Rothe 2007, p. 134.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1406-00-00-Lübeck	1406 JL	Great plague in Lübeck and everywhere by the sea.	1119. In deme sulven jare do was grot pestilencie by der zee, to Lubeke unde allerweghen by der zee.	1119. In the same year (1406) was a great plague by the sea, from Lübeck and everywhere by the sea.	Detmar's Croneke van Lubeke 1884/99, Vol. 2, p. 136.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1406-00-00-Thuringia	17 May 1406 JL	A plague in Thuringia, causing mortality, amongst the victims is Landgrave Balthasar of Thuringia, died at the Wartburg above Eisenach	Anno 1406 Ist ein grausames landtsterben gewesen, welches zeitlich im Sommer angefangen, vnd wol in winter hinein biß auf weinachten gewehret, da sind viel guter leute hohes vnd Nidriges standes gestorben. Vnd vnter denselbigen sonderlich landgraf Balthasar zu Duringen, welher gestorben ist zu Wartpurg in allem guten, acht tage vor Vrbani <17 May 1406>, lieg tzu Reinhardtsbrunn begraben.	In the year 1406, there was a severe epidemic across the country, which began in the summer and lasted until around Christmas. During this time, many people of high and low social status perished. Among them was Landgrave Balthasar of Thuringia, who passed away at the Wartburg eight days prior to Urban's Day (17th of May), and was buried at [monastery of] Reinhardtsbrunn .	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 130.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1410-00-00-Strasbourg	1410 JL	A procession against a dying in Strasbourg	Ein crüzegang für den sterbotte. Do men zalte noch gotz gebürte 1410, do geschach och ein semelich crüzegang für den sterbotte der dozumole zu Strosburg was.	A procession against dying. In 1410, a similar procession against dying took place in Strasbourg.	Jacobus Twinger von Könishofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 774.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1414-02-02-Strasbourg	2 February 1414 JL	In Strasbourg was an illness, that affected the head, culcers and hips, made people insane and killed many.	Aber ein siechtage von dem flosse. Do men zalte 1414 jor, do kam umb die liehtmesse ein gemeinre siechtage in alle lant von dem flosse und huften, genant der ganser oder der bürzel. und wurdent vil lüte in disem siechtagen bewart und verrihtet zum tode, doch koment sü vil bi alle uf. und die es in dem houbete sterkliche anekam, der wurdent etliche unsinnig und sturbent stympkliche [stündlich]. und bleip wenig ieman über, hie und in andern landen, in keme dirre siechtage ane. und wurdent die brotbecken und ire knehte underwilent also siech, das sü nüt erbeiten noch bachen möhtent, daz men dicke kein brot veil vant. und werte dirre sieche wol 1/2 jor.	But there was a sickness of the ulcers. In the year 1414, around Candlemas, a common illness spread through all the lands, affecting the culcers and hips, called the 'ganser' or 'bürzel' disease. Many people were struck down by this illness and prepared for death, although many also recovered. Those who were severely affected in the head became insane and died every hour. Very few people, here and in other lands, were left untouched by this illness. The bakers and their workers also became so sick at times that they could not work or bake, and often no bread could be found. This illness lasted for about half a year.	Jacobus Twinger von Königshofen: Chronik 1870-71, p. 773.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1416-00-00-Brandenburg	1416 JL	Outbreak of plague in the Margraviate of Brandenburg and nearby territories, striking the young	In demselben jahre (1416) hat in der Marcke und in anderen umbliegenden landen die plage der pestilentz greulich grassiert, sonderlich unter den jungen leuten.	In the same year (1416) in the Margraviate of Brandenburg and in other nearby lands the pestilential plague has raged horribly, particularly among younger people.	Engelbert Wusterwitz 1973, p. 158	Translation by Martin Bauch
1425-07-08-Würzburg	8 July 1425 JL	Great plague in Würzburg, sometimes more than 40 deaths per day, which led to unharvested fields.	Von ainem grossen sterben [...] Da man zalte nach der geburt Christi 1425 jare, ist ain erschrockenlicher grausamer sterbe in disen landen vnd sunderlich hie zu Wirtzburg gewest; von sant Kilians tag an bis vf Ostern des andern jors hat diese sucht an ain ander geweret. Die herbst zeit vber sturben hie zu Wirtzburg gewonlich ain tag virtzigk menschen, etwan darüber. Es sind auch vor grossem schrecken vnd mangel halben der leute vil obs, getraid vnd weins desselbigen jors vf dem velde vneingeheimst stehen bliben.	About a great dying [...] In the year 1425 after the birth of Christ, a terrifying and cruel plague struck these lands, especially here in Würzburg. From Saint Kilian's Day until Easter of the following year, this illness continued uninterrupted. During the autumn, it was common for around forty people to die each day in Würzburg, sometimes even more. Due to great fear and the lack of people, much of that year's fruits, grain, and wine remained unharvested in the fields.	Template:Chronik oder Historie von den Bischöfen von Würzburg 1992-2004, Vol. 3 (1999), p. 150.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1426-00-00-Constance	1426 JL	A mortality breaks out all over the region of Constance for three years.	Anno 1426, was ain grosser sterbat in allen landen und der werot by drin jaren.	In year 1426 was a great mortality, that persisted for three years.	Konstanzer Chronik, p. 329	Translation by Thomas Labbé
1428-05-23-Limburg	23 May 1428 JL	A plague strikes Limburg.	Anno Domini millesimo quadringentesimo vicesimo octavo fuit magna pestilencia in Limpurg a festo penthecostes usque ad nativitatem Cristi.	In the year of our Lord 1428, there was a great pestilence in Limburg from Pentecost until the Nativity of Christ.	Limburger Chronik 1883, Limburger Annalen, p. 114	Translation by Martin Bauch
1435-09-08-Constance	August 1435 JL	Around September was in the region of Constance and Überlingen a long-lasting great plague but only with few deaths.	Anno 1435 umb nativitatis Marie [8.9.] drig oder vier wochen vor und nach, do gieng gar ain großer siechtag umb ze Costentz und ze Überlingen und och an deren stetten, an dem unzaglich vil lüt lagent, und wist doch nieman, was siechtagen es was. (p. 187) Wol was er ainem trukenen ritten gelich und starben gar wenig lüt daran, wol warent die lüt in großer krankhait 4 wochen und 6 und 8.	In 1435, on the Feast of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary [8 September], three or four weeks before and after, a great plague raged around Constance and Überlingen and other towns. Countless people died and yet nobody knows what kind of plague it was. It was like a dry fever and only a few people died from it, however, people suffered greatly for 4 or 6 or 8 weeks.	Anonymus: Konstanzer Chronik 1891, pp. 186-187.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1437-02-02-Constance	2 February 1437 JL	A disease in Constance with a short period of illness.	Des jars, als man zalt von der geburt Christi 1437 jar, umb die liechtmeß und darnach bis zu ußgeender osterwochen [21 May] was ain loff ainer krankhait ze Costentz ufferstanden, das vil lüt sturbent, gaistlich und weltlich, und lagent nur by dry oder vier tagen, und etlich gar bernd in ainem tag und clagtent sich umb die brust und (p. 194) in der rechten syten. Etlich maintent, es wärent inwendig geswär, etlich maintent, es wärent würm, und fieng menglich an do knobloch ze essend und hört bald uff.	In the year 1437, around Candlemas (2 February) and afterwards until the end of Easter (21 May), a disease broke out in Constance that many people died, both clergy and laity. They were only ill for three or four days, some even died after just one day. They complained of pain in the chest and on the right side. Many meant it was an internal abscess, many others meant it were worms. Many then started eating garlic, but soon stopped.	Gebhard Dacher: Konstanzer Chronik 1891, pp. 193-194.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1437-06-00-Würzburg	June 1437 JL	Price increase and a plague in Würzburg	Von grosser theürüng vnd sterben In dem obgemelten 1437. jare galte ein malter korns vmb sant Peters tag stuelfeier sechs pfund, vmb Mitfasten siben, vmb Ostern sechtzehen, sibentzehen vnd achtzehen pfunde. Vnd an dem Freitag den zehen des Maien erforen die weinstocke allenthalben an bergen vnd in thalen. Dannoch, dweil das getraid so theür war, fande man zimlich guten wein, das füder vmb neun vnd zehen gülden zu kaüffen. Vnd fiele im brachmond ein heftiger sterbe an, der weret in das ander jore. Vff sant Marie Magdalene tag starben in der pfar zum dom hie zu Wirtzburg bei [p. 321] dreissig menschen, vnd schluge das korn ser wider ab, also das man vmb vnd nach sant Martins tag ain malter umb funf pfund kauft, vnd sein dis mals zu Wirtzburg bey vier thaüsent menschen gestorben.	On great famine and death In the aforementioned year 1437, a malter of grain was priced at six pounds around Saint Peter's Day [February 22], seven pounds around Lent [March 10], nine pounds around Easter [March 31], thirteen pounds during the Cross Week [May 5-8], and sixteen, seventeen, and eighteen pounds by Pentecost [May 19]. On Friday, the tenth of May, all the vines died everywhere in the hills and in the valleys. Nevertheless, because grain was so expensive, one found quite good wine available for purchase, costing around nine to ten guilders. A severe plague broke out in June, which continued into the following year. On Saint Mary Magdalene's Day [July 22], thirty people died in the parish of the cathedral here in Würzburg, and the grain was severely damaged, so that around and after Saint Martin's Day [November 11], one could buy a malter for about five pounds and around four thousand people having died in Würzburg this time.	Template:Chronik oder Historie von den Bischöfen von Würzburg 1992-2004, Vol. 3 (1999), pp. 320-321.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1438-00-00-Constance	1438 JL	When the gypsies came to a place, a price increase came shortly after them. In addition, the people fell in the poverty, suffered hunger and a mortality occured.	Und wo sy [Zigeuner] gezogen warent, do kam in nach in dem 1438 jar ain sollich große türy, der nie kain mensch gedacht hett, wan es kam, das man ain viertel kernen gab umb 4 Pfd. heller und des gelichen alle ding, und kament die lüt in groß armut von hunger. Und darnach kam ain großer sterbet, der darnach an dem adern blatt stat.	And wherever they [gypsies] went, there came after them in 1438 such a great price increase that nobody would have thought. When it came, you had to give 4 pounds Heller for a quarter of grain. It was the same with other things. People fell into great poverty and suffered hunger. This was followed by a great dying, which will be described on another page.	Anonymus: Konstanzer Chronik 1891, p. 174.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1438-00-00-Constance 001	1438 JL	Great mortality in Constance and in Basel. In Basel the people tried to appease God with a procession to Einsiedeln and Todtmoos. In the same year was the autumn really warm and mice made great damage to the fields. The Council of Constance passed several laws to curb bad social behaviour.	Des jaurs, als man zalt von der geburt Christi 1438 jar, do was ain sölicher sterbet das selb jar ainher, das man rechnot, das mer dan viertusent menschen zu Costentz gestorben warent. Es kam dazu, das man zu Crützlingen fünf oder sechs menschen in ain grub lait, desglichen och ze sant Stefan und das man an den enden und im spital gruben machet, in die vil lüt gelait wurdent. Und gieng die sterbet durch die land und alsbald der tod uffgehört, do wyst niemant umb kain tod, dan jederman num umb den sin. In dem vorgemelten jaur umb pfingsten vieng man an ze Costentz zu sterben und starb nach der uffart Ulrich Stainstrauß, darnach in acht tagen sin wyb, darnach erstach sich selb Peter Stainstrauß des selben bruder, in Diebolt Gumposts hus obnan mit ainem schwertlin und messer vor laid. In dem vorgeschriben jaure starb man gar vast in allen landen und kam gen Basel vor pfingsten. Also was der sterbet ze Basel so groß, das dero von Basel wol uff tusent personen sich uffhubent und giengent mit zwölf priestern gen Ainsidlen zu unser lieben froen. Die priester viengent an zu Basel in der statt ze singend und sungend bis zu unser lieben froen. Do sungent sy ain mettin und ain löblich meß von unser lieben froen und bichtotent und giengent zu dem hailigen sacrament mit ernst und andacht und zugent do wider haim. Sy ruftent unser lieben froen an, das sy gott bäte, das er sinen zorn gegen inen abließe, also ungestümenlich täten sy mit sterben. Derglichen giengent och wol fünfhundert personen von Basel in das Todmos in den Swartzwald zu unser lieben froen, als die vordrigen gen Ainsideln. In menger gegni do sturbent di lüt uß über das halb tail oder mer und an mengen enden zu ainlitzigen, zwain oder dryen höfen ganz uß, das die öd stundent one inwoner und was ain recht landsterbend und pestilenz. Und was der herbst als warm als der Ogst. In dem jar (p. 207) ward och der best win am Ottenberg, der in allen landen war und gab man ain fuder umb nün und umb acht pfund pf. Des jars wuchsent gar vil veldmüs und tätent großen schaden an dem korn und samen uff dem veld. In demselben jar saßtent die rät ze Costentz und verbutent den blatz und das spilen an 5 pfund ₰ und verbutent das lang häß und das kain man kainer froen in dem münster reden solt an 1 pfund ₰ ; och das kain man dehain kindbettern gesenhen solt und das och niemant sweren solt und vil solicher sachen. Item sy satzent och, als vormals ain ratsknecht in der rautstuben was, der uß und inließ, dann ethin enkainer mer sölt darinne sin und söltent die ratsherren ye ainer ain wochen in- und ußlon. Und das was ain gut gesatz.	In the year 1438 after the birth of Christ, there was such a mortality that year that it was estimated more than four thousand people died in Constance. It came to the point that in Kreuzlingen, five or six people were buried in a single grave, the same at St. Stephen’s, and that graves were dug at the town’s outskirts and in the hospital where many people were laid to rest. The mortality spread through the lands, and once it stopped, no one noticed any more deaths—everyone was just focused on their own. In the mentioned year around Whitsun, people began to die in Constance. After the Ascension of Ulrich Stainstrauß, his wife died eight days later, and then his brother Peter Stainstrauß killed himself in Diebolt Gumpost’s house with a small sword and knife out of grief. That same year, there was heavy mortality across all lands, and it reached Basel before Whitsun. The death toll was so high in Basel that around a thousand people from the city set out with twelve priests to Einsiedeln to Our Lady. The priests began singing in the city of Basel and sang all the way to Our Lady. There they sang Matins and a solemn Mass for Our Lady, confessed, and approached the Holy Sacrament with seriousness and devotion before returning home. They called upon Our Lady to ask God to ease His wrath, as the deaths were overwhelming. Similarly, about five hundred people from Basel went to Todtmoos in the Black Forest to the shrine of Our Lady, just like those who went to Einsiedeln. In many regions, more than half of the population or more died, and in some areas, entire farms with one or two families were completely wiped out, leaving them deserted without any inhabitants. It was truly a widespread death and pestilence. The autumn was as warm as August. In that year, the best wine came from Ottenberg, considered the finest wine in all lands, and a barrel sold for nine or eight pounds. In that year, many field mice grew and caused significant damage to crops and seeds in the fields. That same year, the council in Constance issued a ban on games and gatherings with a fine of five pounds, forbidding long coats and prohibiting men from speaking to women in the cathedral with a fine of one pound. They have also forbidden men to be present at births and no one is allowed to swear, among many other things. Moreover, they decided that as before, only one town servant was to be in the council chamber to let people in and out, and no one else was allowed inside. The councilors had to take turns each week handling the in- and outgoing matters, which was a good policy.	Gebhard Dacher: Konstanzer Chronik 1891, pp. 206-207.	Translation by ChatGPT-3.5
1438-00-00-Rhine	1438 JL	Great mortality around the Rhine, in Cologne, Freiburg, Nuremberg, Augsburg and Lake Constance. In addition, only little wine, due to the weather.	Item uff das selb jar [1438] vorgenant starb man allenthalb in den landen und gar vast am Rin, ze Cöln, ze Auch bis gen Fryburg und ze Nürenberg und ze Ogsburg, ze Ulm und allenthalben on an dem Bodensee. Es kam des jars och ain gar großer schutz an den reben und kam darnach regen und viel der win vast ab, das lützel win ward.	In the same year 1438 many died on the Rhine, in Cologne, and also in Freiburg, Nuremberg, Augsburg, Ulm and on Lake Constance. In that year there was frost on the vines and afterwards much rain and the wine fell off, so there was little wine.	Gebhard Dacher: Konstanzer Chronik 1891, p. 203.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1438-02-00-Constance	February 1438 JL	The hospital master was deposed and imprisoned because he had embezzled many things. Many people died in the hospital during this time.	Item anno 1438 in dem rebmonet do ward der spittalmaister gefangen, umb das er hatt kernen, flaisch, haber, gelt und anders hatt uff geben, das die rechnung brächt ob 300 guldin, das er ettlichen den rätten hatt geben, und namlich Ulrichen Schiltern und Graffschnidern. und ward och offenbär, das er der pfründnerin aine, des alten stattschribers wib, beschlassen hatt. Also ward er ab gesetzt und ward dess selben jares Cunrad Blarer gesetzt, der da maister uff der brugg was. Es sturbent dess selben jares und des andern jares gar vil lüt in dem spittal, dass es ir ettlich mäss än zal was, wo man wolt in nicht allen lüten.	In 1438, in the month of February, the hospital master was imprisoned because he had embezzled grain, meat, oats, money and other things. The accounts revealed that he had given over 300 guilders to some of the councillors, in particular Ulrichen Schiltern and Graffschnider. It also came to light that he had given money to the prebendary, the wife of the old town scribe. As a result, he was deposed and in the same year Cunrad Blarer, who was master of the hospital in Brugg, was appointed in his place. Many people died in the hospital that year and the following year, so many that it was almost impossible to ring the bells for them all.	Konstanzer Chronik, p. 340.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1439-07-00-Thuringia	July 1439 JL	A plague in Thuringia and the Harz region, but also Constance causing mortality and description of symptoms	Anno 1439 war ein groß sterben vber alle welt, vnd fieng sich an in Duringen vnd am Hartz, vmb die Ernte, vnd wehret biß auf der heiligen drey Konige tage <6. Januar>, wen die pestilentzische gift ergrief, der lag drey tage vnd nacht nacheinander vnd schlief. Vnd wen er dan aufwachet, so begundte er als balt mit dem Tode zu ringen, biß die Seel ausgieng. Das nennet man das grosse sterben davon schir in allen historien findet. Stumpf schreibet das allein zu Costnitz in x monden bey 4000 menschen gestorben sindt.	In the year 1439, there was a great mortality across the world, which began in Thuringia and the Harz region around harvest time, and lasted until the Feast of the Epiphany. Those who were affected by the poisonous plague would lie unconscious for three consecutive days and nights. When they woke up, they would immediately begin struggling with death until their soul departed. This event is known as the Great Death, which is extensively documented in historical records. Stumpf writes that in just ten months, around 4,000 people died solely in Constance.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 134	Translation by Martin Bauch
1439-07-06-Constance	6 July 1439 JL	A procession is organized in Constance against the plague.	Anno 1439 gutemtag vor Sant Margrethen tag (8 July) do tett die statt von Costenz ainen cruzgang für die pestilencii mit aller priesterschafft.	In year 1439, on the monday before Margaret Day, a procession has been celebrated in Constance because of the pestilence, with all clerics of the city.	Konstanzer Chronik, p. 341	Translation by Thomas Labbé
1451-00-00-Basel	1451 JL	A plague breaks out in Basel and lasts two years.	Anno domini 51 was pestilency zu Basel, aber nit zu grosz. Aber dem der sine abegieng und schaden beschach, hatte sich zu clagen. Doch starb me mannesnamen denne frowennamen.	In year 1451 was a pestilence in Basel, but not severe. In the beginning it injured people. Some of them died, both men and women.	Ehrard von Appenwiler chronicle, p. 308.	Translation by Thomas Labbé
1451-00-00-Constance	December 1451 JL	Dying in Constance.	Im jar 1451 vor wihenecht hub es an ze sterben zu Costanz; do zog das chorgericht gen Büchoffzell.	In the year 1451 before Christmas started a dying in Constance; then the choir court moved to Bischofszell.	Claus Schultheiß: Konstanzer Chronik 1891, p. 283.	Translation by Moritz Uebelhack
1460-00-00-Central Germany	1460 JL	A strong mortality in Franconia, Hesse and Thuringia and along the river Leine.	Ein heftig sterben im land Dorringen, Hessen, Franken und by der Leinen.	A strong mortality in Thuringia, Hesse, Franconia and along the Leine river.	Göttinger Annalen 1994, p. 186.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1460-00-00-Lower Saxony	1460 JL	A plague in Lower Saxony kills mainly middle-aged men	Kein Wunder, daß Gott, über solchen Götzendienst aufs heftigste erzürnt, das Land bald darauf durch schweres Unheil heimsuchte. Kaum waren seit diesem abergläubischen Akt zwei Jahre verflossen als eine schreckliche und jeglicher Erinnerung unbewußte Pest Sachsen überfiel. Sie räumte nicht so sehr Frauen und Kinder aus der Welt als vielmehr Männer im besten Alter, die von der verheerenden Seuche ergriffen und fast alle hinweggerafft wurden.	No wonder that God, furious at such idolatry, soon struck the land with a severe calamity. No more than two years had passed since this superstitious act when a terrible plague, unconscious of any memory, struck Saxony. It did not so much eliminate women and children as men in their prime, who were seized by the devastating plague and almost all of whom were swept away.	Chronicon Riddagshusense 1983, p. 55	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1461-00-00-Maastricht	1461 JL	A great mortality around Maastricht, in the city of Beek	Item int jaer van LXI due was die groese sterft te Beick.	In the year of (14)61 was the great mortality in Beek.	Chronijck van Overmaas 1870, p. 19	Translation by Martin Bauch
1462-00-00-Gdansk	1462 JL	Great plague in Gdańsk	Denn Anno 1461. am Tage Creutzes Erhebung ist daselbst ein dermassen hefftiges Ungewitter entstanden / daß allein im Tieffe sechtzig Schiffe mit einssten Vergangen / und in der Stadt 37. kleine Thürmlein von der Kirchen abgeworffen sind worden / darauf im folgendem Jahre eine grosse Peste gefolget ist.	In the year 1461, on the day of Creutz's uprising [September 14], such a violent storm arose there / that in the lows alone sixty ships were destroyed / and in the town 37 small towers were thrown down from the church / followed by a great plague in the following year.	Der Stadt Dantzig Historische Beschreibung, p. 16. November 1465.	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1463-00-00-Erfurt01	1463 JL	A plague in Erfurt kills many inhabitants. High victim numbers for single parishes, mass graves are needed	Anno 1463 Ist zu Erffurd vnd allenthalben ein groß sterben gewesen, das man noch das grosse sterben, so auf nehest gewesen ist heist. Seind in S. Johans pfarr 8 schock menschen gestorben, vnd sind zu den Regulern auf einen tag 3 schock menschen gestorben vnd begraben worden auf dreymal iglich mal 60 menschen. Vnd hatt zwei iahr aneinander gestorben in die 28.000.	In the year 1463, there was a great mortality in Erfurt and everywhere else, which is still referred to as the Great Death, as it was the latest event of that kind. In the parish of St. John, 480 people died, and among the Augustinan Canon's parish (Reglerkirche), 180 people died in one day and were buried in three shifts of 60 each time. Over the course of two years, a total of 28,000 people perished.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 134.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1463-00-00-Lower Saxony	1463 JL	A great mortality all over Lower Saxony.	In dussem sulven jare (1463) do was eyn grot starve to Brunswick, Hanover, Hildessem, Megedeborch unde Halverstadt, de hoff an in dem harveste, und stod went in den vastelavende, und do starff vele volckes.	In the same year (1463) there was a great mortality in Braunschweig, Hannover, Hildesheim, Magdeburg and Halberstadt, which started in Autumn and continued until Carnival, and many people died.	Chronecken der Sassen 1711, p. 410.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1463-05-00-Göttingen	May 1463 JL	A procession because of ongoing plague in Göttingen and a plague all over Lower Saxony.	Anno domini 1463, feria 6. Ante Assensionem Domini, do ging men mit einer procession wulln und barfuß umb der pestilentz willn, so dar regerde in vilen stedten. […] Dan in diesem jare regirde auch eine grosse pestilentz in vilen enden und orten, also auch in Gottingen, das grosse hauffen absturben. Tho Brunswig, Hildesheim, Hannober, Magdeborch, Halberstadt starb es auch gleich so sehre. Dusser sterben find an in dem herbst und werete bis in den Fastelavent.	In the year of our Lord 1463, on a Friday before Ascension, a procession of barefoot people was made because of the pestilence that ruled in many cities [...] And in this year, there ruled a pestilence in many place, also in Göttingen, that killed a lot of people. In Braunschweig, Hildesheim, Hannover, Magdeburg and Halberstadt people died in the same way. This mortality started in autumn and ended during Carnival.	Göttinger Annalen 1994, p. 191	Translation by Martin Bauch
1463-07-25-Augsburg	25 July 1463 JL	So great mortality everywhere that a family has to flee temporarily	Item 1463 zu s. Jacobs tag hůb es hie an zu sterben und starb bis zů s. Lucien tag, und maint man das bei 9000 menschen tod seient; es sturben in sant Ulrichs pfarr allain bei 3500 Menschen. Man was so vast ausgeflohen, das man maint, es wären bei 3000 menschen außgeflohen. Zu sant Michels tag was ich vier tag hie, da sturben wol 500 mentschen in den vier tagen. Ich floch mit weib und kinden hie aus an sant Hilarien abent bis gen Menchingen und belaib da bis zů sant Nicolaus tag [p. 198], do zoch ich gen Memingen bis and er hailigen dreier künig abent, do kam ich wider haim.		Chronik des Hector Mülich 1348–1487, pp. 197–198	Translation needed
1463-10-01-Munich	1 October 1463 JL	Severe plague in Munich	Sambstag nach Michaelis [1463]. Item an dem tag alls die Pestilenz Laider, durch die geschiht Gottes vasst regieret und geregieret hette vost von Weinnechten bisher giengen auß iedem hauß ain Mensch die man besonder vnd die frauen sonder mit grosser andacht wainenden augen, vnd noch mit betriebten herzen und doch mit sonder grossen frolokhen zu dem wierdigen hailigthumb auf den Berg zu Andex. woll bey 5m. menschen die man hinauß mit processenvon den Pfarren und Clostern und wider herein mit grosser wirdigkait belaittet vnd mit grosser menig des Volkhs der statt des khain mensch gedenkht. Item desgleichen thete und hete man ain Process gehen unser lieben Frauen gehen Freißing in xiiii tagen darnach.		Münchener Annalen (1453–1483), p. 195.	Translation needed
1464-00-00-Augsburg	1464 JL	Great mortality in Augsburg, mainly young people	und was im [dem Sterben] niemant weder zu alt noch zu jung: es sturben man und frawen, die bei 60 jarn alt waren, aber es sturben dennocht mer jung dann alter.	and nobody who died was neither to old nor to young, Men and women died, in the age of 60 year (or more), but mainly young people died.	Burkhard Zink's Chronik, p. 293	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1464-00-00-Gdańsk	1464 JL	Great mortality in Gdańsk and Lübeck	Item disz yor [1464] war in dantzke, lubke zc. grosse sterbung.	Furthermore in ths year was a great mortality in Gdańsk and Lübeck.	Caspar Weinreichs Danziger Chronik, p. 2	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1464-00-00-Germany	1464 JL	Plague in all german territories with many deaths.	Item in dusseme jare [1464] unde in deme jare hiir bevoren was en grot unde en gemeyne pestilencie in allen Dudeschen landen, alzo dat in [p. 361] deme jare, alse men scref 63, se was boven uppe deme Ryne to Basel, Strasselborch, Spire, vordan in Doringhen, in Sassen, in Myssen unde in der Marke; mer in deme 64. jare by pinxsten quam se by de see, also to Luneborch, Hamborch, Lubeke, Wismer, Rostoke, Sund unde in de lant ummelank, unde darna by assumpcionis Marie, qwam se in Dennemarken, in Prussen unde in Liflant. In dusser pestelencien storven vele lude to Lubeke, vrouwen unde man, unde sunderliken junc volk, unde [p. 362] leghen gans kort, wente in dat gemen storven se in deme dorden dage. Unde also de ersten seden, so was id en zelfene pestelencie, wente alle arstedie, der me plecht to brukende teghen de suke, de halp gar wenynich, unde unwantlik arstedye, dede na wane der arsten to der pestelencien schedelik is, halp velen luden. Unde dusse pestilencie warde to Lubecke wente omnium sanctorum.		Lübecker Ratschronik (1401–1469), pp. 360–362.	Translation needed
1464-00-00-Hamburg	1464 JL	Great plague in Hamburg	Anno 1464 do was to Hamborch grote pestilencie, vnd storuen in korter tidt xx dusent minschen, junk vnd olt.	In the year 1464 was a great pestilence in Hamburg, and in a short periode 20.000 young and old people died.	Bern Gyseke's Chronik von 810–1542, p. 40. Hamburger Chronik von 799–1559, p. 409.	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1464-00-00-Hamburg 001	1464 JL	Great plague in Hamburg and in all other german territories	In demsuluen jare [1464] do wasz szo grote pestilencie unde dure tyt to Hamborch vnde ouer alle dudesche lande, dat dar vele dusent minschen storuen.	In the same year there was a great plague and dying time in Hamburg and many thousend people died there and in all other german territories.	Ein kort Uttoch der Wendeschen Chronicon von 801-1535, p. 257. Hamburger Chronik von 799–1559, p. 410.	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1464-00-00-Thuringia	1464 JL	Plague in Thuringia and surroundings with many deaths in all age groups	Anno dni 1464 stund auff in dem lande zu Duringen und in allen umbliegenden landen pestilentie uberschwenglich gros zeitlichen im jhare, also das aus des massen viel volcks starb auff den schlossern, in den stedten, in clostern, in dorffern und in allem geistlichen und weldlichen wessen, alte leuthe, mittelmessige und manich junk volck, an mannen, frawen und jungfrawen udn gar viel kinder. Und gott der almechtige that seine gnade, also das die pestilentie zeytlich als umb Galli [16.10.] in Duringen lande auffhorte, aber in Sachssen, an der sehe und anders wohe, da es auff die zeyt nicht gestorben hette, hup es do an und uberging gemeiniglich alle deutzsche und welsche landt.	In the year 1464 there was a great pestilence in the whole land of Thuringia and in all the surrounding countries, so that many of the people died in the castles, in the towns, in monasteries, in villages and in all spiritual and secular beings, old people, mediocre people and many young people, men, women and virgins and many children. And God Almighty showed his mercy when the plague ceased around St Gall's Day [16 October], but in Saxony it only began there and spread to all German and French lands.	Die Chronik Hartung Cammermeisters, p. 208.	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1464-06-09-Stralsund	9 June 1464 JL	Great mortality with 6000 deaths in Stralsund	1464 van des hilghen lichnames daghe an beth to Michaelis was eene grote stervinghe, so da tute deme Sunde storven wol 6 dusent mynschen junck unde olt, unde yd was en mene stervent aver de ghantze werlt.	In the year 1464 from the Feast of Corpus Christi to the day of S. Michael was a great mortality, so that 6 thousend people died, young and old, and this happend in the whole world.	Zwei Stralsundische Chroniken des 15. Jahrhunderts, p. 38	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1464-06-09-Stralsund 001	9 June 1464 JL	Great mortality with 5k deaths in Stralsund	Anno 1464 um corporis Christi ungefährlick bis Michaelis war hir ein sehr grot stervend, und sturven in disser tidt hir thom Sunde bis 5000 minschen.	There was a great mortalitas in the year 1464 from the Feast of Corpus Christi untill S. Michael, and in this time died around 5000 people.	Johann Berckmann's Stralsundische Chronik, p. 210	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1464-06-30-Hamburg	30 June 1464 JL	Severe plague in Hamburg	so verstain wir nu, wie to Hamborgh groete sterffde sy, so datt yd zomale sorghlichen were in sulche groete pestilencie zu trecken etc., ind begeren dairomb urer eirsamkeit guden rait, wie wir uns in dem besten hirinne moegen halten.	So now we understand how the great dying was in Hamburg, so that we were very anxious to get into this great pestilence and therefore, because of their honour, we asked for good advice on how best to behave.	Die Recesse und andere Akten der Hansetag 2/5, p. 422, n. 564.	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1465-00-00-Basel	August 1465 JL	August was wet and cool and after that a great plague in Colmar, Rouffach, Guebwiller, Thann, Altkirch and Basel.	Der zitt [1465] was ein kalter fucht augt, dem nach volgte ein grosse pestilenz zu Colmar, Ruffach, Gebwiler, Tann, Altkyrch, Basell. […] ausz fuchtigkeitt des augst und manigfaltigkeitt der reyffen, die vor dem herbst und in dem herbst viellen, ward trefflicher seurrer wein in allen landen.	In this time (1465) was also a cold moisture, and afterwards great plague in olmar, Ruffach, Gebwiler, Tann, Altkyrch, Basel, and other places. Due to the humidity in August and the good ripeness in autumn, it became an excellent sour wine in all countries.	Maternus Berler Chronik, p. 73.	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1467-00-00-Lichtensteig	1467 JL	In autumn high mortality in Lichtensteig with 40 deaths	Item in dem jar 1467 was ain frü jahr und ward guter win. Ain demselbigen Jar ain herbst was der tod zu liechtenstäg; do sturbend by den fiertzig menschen.	Furthermore in the year was an early spring, resulting in good vine. But in autumn of the same year was a mortality in Lichtensteig and 40 people died.	Heinrich Forer's Chronik, p. 59	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1467-06-15-Memmingen	15 June 1467 JL	Plague with a high mortality in Memmingen	1467: Dieses Jahr regierte hier der Todt (so nenneten es die Alten) das ist die Pest. Hub an S. Veitstag an den 15. Junij. Es flohen die Reichen vnd viel Volcks hinauß vnd sturben doch einen Tag über 3 oder 4 Personen nicht. An S. Andreas Tag höret es aufff vnd kam man auf Weyhnachten wiederhum herein.	This year death reigned here (as the ancients called it), that was the plague. It began on St Vitus' Day, 15 June. The rich and many people fled and more than 3 or 4 people died during the day. It stopped on St Andrew's Day and came back around Christmas.	Template:Geschichte der Stadt Memmingen, p. 33.	Translation by Thomas Wozniak
1467-08-00-Poland	August 1467 JL	Although the harvest promised to be rich in the land of Prussia, there was hardly anyone who could bring it in when the harvest was supposed to start in August. A great plague had infested the land so that all places were to large parts or completely deserted.	Das erste jar do nu der libe fride nach vilen und langen jaren wider ins lant Preussen kommen was, lis got gar ein fruchtbar kornreich jar werden, desgleichen lange zceit keins war gewesen, das es jederman davor hielt, diser milde und reiche herbest wurde fast allen kommer der vorgangenen durfftigkeit zcum mehrer teil auffheben und wegknemen. [...] Da man nu augusten adir erndten solt, sihe, da kompt eine erschreckliche mortliche pestilentz, die sich ins gantze lant die qwyr und die lenge, ausbreittet und durchwütet schlosse, stette, flecke, dorffer, ecker und awen, dermassen das hernachmals der viele, etliche zcum grossen teyll, etliche gantz und gar ausgestorben, verfallen vorwustet und vorwildert sein, bis auff den heuttigen tag, wie das im gantzen lande augenschenlich zcu besehen ist; also da das volck an allen enden mit grossen hauffen hingefallen was, bleib das libe getreide, daran got sein lust het sehen mugen, hin und her im felde stehen, und was niemant, der erndtet, und einfuret.	The first year, when after many and long years peace had come back to the land of Prussia, God let it become a fruitful corn year, such as had not been for a long time, so that everytbody thought, this mild and rich harvest was going to take away almost all the grief of the previous drought. [...] Now, when the harvest should start in August, there comes a terrible mortal pestilence, which spreads throughout the whole country, spreading and ransacking castles, towns, villages, fields and floodplains, so that afterwards many of them were - some to a great extent, some completely - extinct, forfeited and overgrown up tp the present day, as can be seen in the whole country. Thus, since the people at all ends fell to build great heaps, the good grain, in which God would have seen his pleasure, remained standing back and forth in the field, and there was no one to harvest and bring it in.	Pole, in: ###, p. 192.	Translation by Christian Oertel
1468-09-21-Frankfurt	21 September 1468 JL	Outbreak of plague in Frankfurt with people fleeing to Gelnhausen.	Anno 1468 umb sanct Mathaei tag ist ein groß sterben alhier gewesen, daß der merer teil geschlechter und burger nacher Gelnhausen geflohn seid.	In the year 1468, on Saint Matthew's Day, there was a great dying here, so much so that the majority of families and citizens fled to Gelnhausen.	Rorbach Liber gestorum 1884, p. 188.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1472-00-00-Thuringia	1472 JL	An unspecific epidemic in Thuringia and all over Germany in the context of the drought years 1471-1473	Anno 1472 hat man zween grosse schreckliche Cometen in Germania gesehen, Darnach sind erfolget drey sehr durre iahr vnd vnfruchtbare, pestilentz vnd sehr viel blutvergiessens. Vnd schreiben die Historien schreiber, das von wegen grosser hitze vnd durre, die wälde sich entzundet, die wasser vertrocknet, das man auch in Vngern durch die Tonaw hatt waten konnen.	In the year 1472, two great and terrifying comets were seen in Germany. Following this, there were three very dry and infertile years, marked by pestilence and a great deal of bloodshed. Historians write that due to the intense heat and drought, forests caught fire, waters dried up, and it was even possible to wade through the river Danube in Hungary.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 137.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1473-08-09-Frankfurt	July 1473 JL	Procession because of mortality, drought and peace in Frankfurt.	Anno 1473 9 augusti was eine procession vor den schnellen todt, auch vor ein regen wegen durrer hitzigen zit. niemands lebendiges in diesen landen gedacht eine solche ubermesige heise zit, und regnet nicht, also daß die truben an den stöcken fast alle verwelket und verdorben; auch vor einem gemeinen frieden, wann der herzog von Burgund Niemägen und andere stätte gewann. und (p. 219) weret das sterben per menses julium und augustum, und starb viel volks, doch mer männer den frawen.	In the year 1473, on August 9th, there was a procession against sudden death, as well as for rain during a dry and hot period. No one living in these lands remembered such an excessively hot time, with no rain, causing the grapes on the stalks to wither and spoil almost entirely. Also, for a common peace, when the Duke of Burgundy conquered Nijmegen and other places. And there was dying for months, July and August, and many people died, mostly men than women.	Rorbach Liber gestorum 1884, p. 218-219.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1474-06-00-Silesia	24 June 1474 JL	A drought in 1474 was followed by a great inflation and hunger as well as by a terrible pestilence which lasted from the feast of St John (June 24) 1474 until Shrove Tuesday (February 22) 1475.	A. 1474 ist ein so heisser und dürrer Sommer gewesen, dass sich die Wälder entzündet, die Saat verdorrte im Felde, davon entstunde erstlich eine grosse Theurung, und Hungers-Noth; darzu kam eine erschrockliche Pestilentz, diese währete von Yohanne an, biss auf Fast-nacht, da seynd die Leuthe plötzlich auf denen Gassen niedergefallen, und gestorben.	In 1474 there was such a hot and dry summer that the forests were set on fire, the seeds withered in the fields, and from this arose first of all a great drought and famine; then came a terrible pestilence, which lasted from the feast of St John until Shrove Tuesday, when the people suddenly fell down in the streets and died.	Daniel Gomolcke, Beschreibung derer grossen Theuerungen etc. (Breslau 1737), p. 9.	Translation by Christian Oertel
1475-00-00-Bohemia	1475 JL	Locusts destroyed many crops in Bohemia, Silesia, Moravia and Lusatia and caused a mortal disease among the pigs.	A. 1475 haben die Heuschrecken in Böhmen, Schlesien und Mähren, auch Laussnitz alle Garten-Früchte aufgefressen, und liessen einen grässlichen Gestanck hinter sich, erregten auch unter denen Schweinen, so selbe frassen, eine Seuche daran sie sturben.	In 1475, the locusts in Bohemia, Silesia and Moravia as well as in Lusatia ate up all the garden crops, leaving behind them a terrible stink, and also caused an epidemic among the pigs that ate them, from which they died.	Daniel Gomolcke, Fortsetzung der Wasser-Historie in Ober- und Nieder-Schlesien (Breslau 1736), p. 46.	Translation by Christian Oertel
1482-08-10-Frankfurt	10 August 1482 JL	Plague in Frankfurt and 1000 people dead.	Anno eodem (1482) umb Laurentii hubs an zu sterben, werd biß fasten strenglich. Storben uber tausent menschen.	In the same year (1482), mortality started to rise around St. Lawrence's and continued with force until Lent. More than a 1000 people died.	Johann Heise 1884, p. 226.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1482-08-29-Frankfurt	1482 JL	Plague in Frankfurt and a procession.	Anno 1482 war ein proceßion contra pestem uf decollationis Johannis, darin waren 101 schuler von unser lieben Frawen schul, von der Leonhardsschul 81, von der Pharschulen 126, Barfüsermünch 22, Prediger 35, Carmeliter 30, alle weltliche pfaffen und der ganz rat.	In the year 1482, there was a procession on 29 August, there were 101 pupils of the school of Our Lady, 81 from the St. Leonhard's school, 126 from the parish's school, 22 Franciscan monks, 25 Dominicans, 30 Carmelites and all the secular clergy and the whole city council.	Johann Heise 1884, p. 225.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1482-09-17-Weimar	17 September 1482 JL	Death of Duke Wilhelm of Saxony in Weimar from plague.	Anno Eodem (1482) Ist Hertzog Wilhelm, […] zu Weimar an der pestilentz gestorben, am tage Lamperti.	In the same year (1482), Duke Wilhelm (of Saxony), [...], died of the plague in Weimar on the feast day of St. Lambert.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 142.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1483-06-20-Erfurt	20 June 1483 JL	Great mortality and famine in Thuringia's neighbouring countries and the citizens of Erfurt fear they might be affected in the future and organize a procession to prevent this.	Als man schreib noch Christi gebort vnser hern Tusent vierhundert vnnd drye vnnd achczigk, An deme fritage vor sant Johans tage baptisten, Do hatte der erßame vnnd wiße rath zu Erffort bestalt zu gehene eyne lobeliche erliche processien vmme dye stadt Erffort Vmme sunderlicher bethe willen eyns iglichen menschen, zu bethen vnnd zu loben den almechtigen ewigen got, das her de jn woner der erlichen stadt Erffort vnnd ouch andere frome luthe behute wolde vor dem gremmigen tode, ader hunger, ader pestilencien, vnnd dye fruchte uff deme feld. Sunderlichen jn disser zit ist groß sterben gewest jn fele landen vmme heer, ane jn Erffort vnnd jm lande zu Doringen alleyne. Also besorgte sich dye stad Erffort, eß mochte ouch zu on kome.	In the year of our Lord 1483, on the Friday before St. John's day, the honourable council of Erfurt decided to organize a procession around the city for extraordinary praying of all people. The Lord Almighty should be petitioned and blessed so he would protect the honest inhabitants of Erfurt and other just people from the grim reaper, or famine, or pestilence, and save the crops in the fields. In this time, there was a great mortality in all neighbouring countries, but not in Thuringie and Erfurt itself. So the city of Erfurt worried, they might be next.	Konrad Stolle 1968, p. 191	Translation by Martin Bauch
1490-00-00-Erfurt	1490 JL	Misdated arrival of syphilis to Europe in 1490 predating the presumed arrival to Europe in 1493 in the context of the Columbian Exchange; the new disease is interpreted as an apolcalyptic sign.	Anno eodem (1490) Ist eine neuwe kranckheit die Frantzosen, von ettlichen aber die Hispanische seuche genant, aufKomen, vnd wie man sagt, sie ist aus den newgefundenen Inseln in occidente in Europam gebracht. Ist eins von den grossen zeichen vor dem Jungsten tage.	IIn the same year (1490), a new illness has arisen called the French (diseasee), by some called the Spanish sickness, and as it is said, it has been brought from the newly discovered islands in the west to Europe. It is one of the great signs before the Last Judgment.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 144.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1507-00-00-Erfurt	1507 JL	A year of good harvests is also characterized by epidemic mortality.	Anno 1507 Regiert ein pestilentzisch sterben an vielen orten, vdn war gleich wol ein solches wolfeiles iahr, das der acker mehr kostet zu ehren vnd bawen, den man gelds aus verkauffung der fruchte losen kunt.	In the year 1507, a pestilential death reigned in many places, and yet it was such a year of bountiful harvests that the cost of cultivating and planting the fields exceeded the money that could be gained from selling the crops.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 150.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1517-09-29-Erfurt	29 September 1517 JL	A mortality in Erfurt leads to the creation of mass graves. A drunk beggar unvoluntarly spends a night in the massgrave of the Canons Regular's church (Reglerkirche).	Vmb Michaelis hub sichs an, vnd ward ein groß sterben. Es storben die leute an der Pestilentz, das man zu den Regelern 16 Cörper auf einen Tag auf ein mal einlegte, da hatte man ein viereckicht loch gemacht auf den Regelern kirchof, das legte man (p. 230) des nachts mit bretern zu, das war ein bettler Hieß Schuch, der war auf einen tag vol, vnd fellet durch die dielen auf die todten, liegt die nacht drinnen. Des morgens da er erwacht, greift er vmb sich, hebt an zu wimmerleichen, da wollten die leute nicht ander wehnen, es were ein todter wieder lebendig worden, vnd gieng niemand hinbey, biß das es 9 schlug des morgents, da sie darnach dazu komen, da war es der grund schalck Schuch der bettler.	Around Michaelmas 1517, it began, and a great dying occurred. People died of the plague so much so that 16 bodies were placed each day in the mass graves of the Reglerkirche. They had made a square hole in the graveyard of the church, and at night they covered it with planks. There was a beggar named Schuch, who was drunk one day and fell through the boards onto the dead, spending the night there. When he woke up in the morning, he grabbed around him, started to whimper, and people would believe a dead had turned alive. Nobody came close until 9 o'clock in the morning, and when they came to see, it was indeed the notorious beggar Schuch.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, pp. 229-230.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1519-00-00-Leipzig	1519 JL	A mortality in Leipzig makes the university move temporarily to Meissen. Chronological caveat: The mentioned rector of this university, Petrus Mosellanus, was in office 1520-1523.	Anno Eodem (1519) Hat man die hohe schuel von Leiptzig ein zeitlang gen Meissen transferiren musse, von wegen eines pestilentzischen sterbens, vnd ist geschehen zur zeit D. Petri Mosellani.	In the same year (1519), the university of Leipzig had to be temporarily transferred to Meißen due to a pestilential mortality, and this occurred during the time of Petrus Mosellanus (as rector).	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 235.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1529-09-00-Erfurt	September 1529 JL	An unknown epidemic, the sweating sickness or sudor anglicus follows a humid summer. Detailed description of symptoms and progression of the disease including countermeasures and victim numbers.	In diesem iahr (1529) ist ein sehr feuchter sommer gewesen, darauf ein hitzige pestilentz aus der feulung gefolget, die zuvorn in Deutschland vnerhort gewesen, hat man die Schweisssucht oder Engelendisch seuche genant, wie hernach folget. Es entstundt aus veschuldeter sundt vnd billichem zorn gottes, ein vnerhorte, neuw, erschreckliche plag vnd kranckheit, welche man die Engelendische sucht vnd kranckheit nennet, daran viel tausend menschen storben. Die menschen mit dieser plage behaftet, lagen etwa 24 stunde, ettliche minder wenig daruber so daran storben. Wer 24 stunde vberlebt, der kam gemeiniglich auf, die Kranckheit druckt den menschen gleich in einen tiefen schlaf. So man ihm dan nicht wehrete, mit rutteln, hin vnd her legen etc. auf das er nicht entschlief, so starb er dahin. Darumb wer genesen wolt, dem muste der schlaf in allwege gewehret werden.	In this year (1529), there was a very humid summer, followed by a fierce pestilence arising from the mists, which had never before been seen in Germany. It was called the sweating sickness or English disease, as follows. Arising from deserved sin and justifiable anger of God, there arose an unprecedented, new, terrifying plague and sickness, which is called the English sickness and disease, in which many thousands of people died. Those afflicted with this plague lay for about 24 hours, some less, some more, and those who died did so during that time. Whoever survived beyond 24 hours generally recovered; the sickness pressed people into a deep sleep. If they were not prevented from falling asleep, by shaking, turning them over, etc., so that they did not fall into a slumber, they died. Therefore, those who wanted to recover had to be prevented from sleeping at all costs.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 261.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1530-07-01-Erfurt	1 July 1530 JL	A strange incident of stones thrown by an unknown person in the quarter of the weavers is followed by a plague in Erfurt.	Auf Johannis Baptistae hatts angefangen mit steinen zu werffen in der webergassen bey S. Andreas gantzer viii tage, vnd hat grosse steine geworffen bey zweien und dreyen pfunden vnd kleiner vber die heusser her am hellen tage, vnd hatt viel fenster ausgeworffen vnder den Tuchmachern, vnd hatt kein mensch kunt wissen wer es that oder gethan hatte. Der Rath zu Erffurd vnd die gemeine hat tapfer tag vnd nacht gewacht, es hatt nichts geholfen. Es hatt vnder die wechter geworffen, vnd man hatt die steine frey sehen niederfallen. Aber nicht gesehen, wo sie herkommen sindt. Darauf ist ein gross pestilentz gefolget.	On St. John the Baptist's Day (1530), it began with throwing stones in the Webergasse near St. Andreas Church for a full eight days, and large stones were thrown, some weighing two or three pounds or smaller, over the houses in broad daylight. Many windows were broken among the weavers, and no one knew who did it or had done it. The council of Erfurt and the community bravely kept watch day and night, but it was of no use. Stones were thrown among the guards, and people could see the stones falling freely. However, they could not see where they came from. After that, a great pestilence followed.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 268.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1540-06-00-Erfurt	1 June 1540 JL	A minor mortality in Erfurt.	Auch war in diesem iahr (1540) ein sterben an der pestilentz in Erffurd im Sommer vnd Herbst vber, aber nicht fast sehr.	Also, in this year (1540), there was a dying from the pestilence in Erfurt during the summer and autumn, but not very severe.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 288.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1541-06-00-Erfurt	1 June 1541 JL	A minor mortality in Erfurt.	Auch hatt es in diesem iahr (1541) abermal an der pestilentz in Erffurdt den Sommer vnd herbst vber gestorben. Aber eintzelen.	Also, in this year (1541), there was again a dying from the pestilence in Erfurt during the summer and autumn, but it was sporadic.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 289.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1542-06-04-Erfurt	4 June 1542 JL	A plague in Erfurt leads to major mortality.	Nach Trinitatis hats zu Erffurd angefangen zu sterben vnd an der pestilentz sehr gestorben, vnd hat gewehret bis auf Luciae virginis vnd man hatt ihr zu den predigern 13 auf ein mal begraben, vnd zu S. Johans 10 auf ein mal, das ist das meiste gewest zu Erffurdt, vnd sindt vber die 4000 gestorben.	After Trinity Sunday (1542), the dying from the pestilence began in Erfurt and it was a severe mortality, lasting until St. Lucy's Day. Thirteen were buried at once at the Predigerkirche (OP), and ten at once at St. Johann's. That was the most at Erfurt, and over 4000 died.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 289.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1543-00-00-Naumburg	1543 JL	A plague in Naumburg and Jena with major mortality	Auch ist in diesem iahr (1543) zu Naumburg groß sterben gewesen, vnd sind zur Naumburg 3000 Menschen daselbst begraben worden, vnd zu Jehna 1600.	Also, in this year (1543), there was a great dying in Naumburg, and 3000 people were buried there, and 1600 in Jena.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 291.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1552-00-00-Erfurt	September 1552 JL	An plague ravages in Erfurt. The mentioned Lutheran theologian Andreas Osiander died of the same disease in Königsberg.	Auch regierte in diesem iahr (1552) die Pestilentz abermal in Erffurdt. Andreas Osiander, der ein lesterlich bekentnis contra verbum Incarnatum hatt lassen ausgehen ist greuwlich dahin gestorben ohn bekentniß, ohn zeichen der bekehrung sine verbis.	Also, in this year (1552), the pestilence again prevailed in Erfurt. Andreas Osiander, who had issued a scandalous confession against the Incarnate Word, died terribly without confession, without any sign of conversion, wordlessly.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 317.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1563-00-00-Thuringia	1563 JL	An plague ravages in Germany and all across Europe, but presumably also in Erfurt and surrounding Thuringia. The mentioned Lutheran theologian Andreas Osiander died of the same disease in Königsberg.	Anno 1563 wie auch im folgenden 1564. regiert ein grausame pestilentz schir durch gantz Europa furnemlich in Deutschlandt, das an manchem ort gantze Flecken vnd dörffer biß auf iij vj oder viij persohnen ausgestorben, vnd aus manchem Flecken so viel hingenohmen, das man nicht vermeinet hette, das so viel volcks vnd leute vberal darin gewesen were.	In the year 1563, as well as in the following 1564, a cruel pestilence ravaged throughout Europe, especially in Germany, causing entire hamlets and villages to be wiped out to the extent of three, four, or even eight persons. In many places, so many were taken away that it was not believed that so many people had been there at all..	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 348.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1564-08-24-Erfurt	24 August 1564 JL	A plague in Erfurt kills a larger number of people, 4000 inhabitants, including prominent clerics.	Nach Bartholomaei hatt zu Erffurdt die Pestilentz angefangen. Vnd ist in demselbigen sterben der pfarher zu S. Thomas, der pfarher im grossen Spittal, vnd der Caplan zu kaufmans kirchen, vnd der Caplan zu den Barfussern, Auch der pfarher zu den Regelern gestorben Vnd die pestilentz hatt gewehret biß nach dem newen iahr, da hatt sie aufgehöret. Vnd sind zu den Regelern 12 schock, zu den Barfussern 600, zu Kaufmanskirchen 550, zu S. Johans 440 gestorben, das man meinet, ihrer sindt in die 4000 das mal an der Pestilentz gestorben.	After Bartholomew's Day (1564), the pestilence began in Erfurt. During the same mortality, the parish priest of St. Thomas, the priest at the Great Hospital, the chaplain at Kaufmannskirche, and the chaplain at the Franciscan's Church also died. Additionally, the priest at the Reglerkirche died. The pestilence lasted until after the New Year, when it ceased. At the Reglerkirche, 720 persons died; at the Franciscans' Church 600; at Kaufmannkirche, 550; and at St. Johann's, 440. It was estimated that around 4000 people died from the pestilence during that time.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 350.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1566-00-00-Erfurt	1566 JL	A minor mortality in Erfurt.	Auch ist in diesem iahr (1566) ein sterben an der Pestilentz gwesen doch (Gott lob) nicht sehr.	Also, in this year (1566), there was a dying from the pestilence, but not very severe (thank God).	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 362.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1577-00-00-Thuringia	1577 JL	A mortality in Eisenach and the surroundings of Erfurt.	In diesem iahr (1577) ist ein groß sterben an vielen orten an der Pestilentz gewesen, vnd sonderlich zu Eysenach vnd in ettlichen Erffurdischen dorffern hat es auch zimlich rumort.	In this year (1577), there was a great dying from the pestilence in many places, especially in Eisenach and in several villages near Erfurt, where it caused quite a stir.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 416.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1578-00-00-Erfurt	1578 JL	A plague in Erfurt kills 2500 people.	In diesem iahr (1578) hat die pestilentz alhier zu Erffurd auch zimlich grassiert vnd sind in die 25 hundert persohnen in Erffurd gestorben.	In this year (1578), the pestilence also raged fairly strongly here in Erfurt, and around 2500 people died in Erfurt.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 419.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1578-00-00-Jena	1578 JL	A plague in Jena forces the local university to relocate temporarily to Saalfeld.	In disem iahr (1578) hat man die hohe Schull von Jehna ein zeitlang gen Salveld von wegen eines pestilentzischen sterbens transferiren mussen.	In this year (1578), the university of Jena had to be temporarily transferred to Saalfeld due to a pestilential dying.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 419.	Translation by Martin Bauch
1583-00-00-Erfurt	1583	A plague in Erfurt, Prague, Magdeburg, Goslar, Arnstadt and Königsee in Thuringia kills high numbers of people.	Diß iahr (1583) hatt die pestilentz an vielen orten vnd landen gar heftig sehr regieret, sonderlich zu Praga in der Stadt da in die 20000 menschen gestorben sindt. Desgleichen zu Magdeburg, Goslar, zu Arnstad fast in die 2000, zu königssee in die 1000. Desgleichen allhier zu Erffurdt 1767 menschen gestorben, aber nicht alle an der pestilentz.	In this year (1583), the pestilence raged very fiercely in many places and lands, particularly in Prague, where around 20,000 people died in the city. Likewise, in Magdeburg, Goslar, and Arnstadt, nearly 2000 died, and in Königsee, around 1000. Similarly, here in Erfurt, 1767 people died, although not all from the pestilence.	Wellendorf Chronik 2015, p. 450.	Translation by Martin Bauch

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