Pskov

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In Pskov, a total of 11 epidemic events are known so far. It is a city in the Rus.

Events

Date Summary
Source
Translation
  T
1417 Epidemic in Veliky Novgorod, Ladoga, Rus, Porkhov, Pskov, Torzhok, Tver, Dmitrov and in their territories.   [6925] Въ то же лѣто бысть моръ страшенъ въ людехъ въ Новѣгородѣ Великомъ, и въ Ладозѣ, и въ Руѣс, и въ Порховѣ, и въ Псковѣ, и въ Торжку, и въ Твери, и въ Дмитровѣ, и по властемъ ихъ. И толь великъ моръ, яко живiи не успѣваху мертвыхъ погребати, ниже доволни бяху здравiи бoлнымъ служити, но единъ здравый десятерымъ болеемъ служааще; мнози двори пусты быша, а въ иномъ единъ человѣкъ остася, или два, а индѣ едино дѣтище. Болѣзнь же сицева бысть людемъ: преже яко рогатиною ударить за лопадку, или противу сердца, подъ груди и промежь крилъ, и разболѣвся начнеть кровiю хракати, и огнъ разжетъ, по семъ потъ иметъ, потомъ дрожь иметъ, и иметъ ходити по всѣмъ съставомъ человѣчимъ иедугъ той; желѣза же не единаче: иному на шеи, другому на стѣгне, овому подъ пазухою, или подъ скулою, или за лопадкою, и въ паху и на иныхъ мѣстехъ. И въ болѣзни той полежавше и съ покаанiемъ и съ масломъ, мнози же и аггельска образа сподобишяся, отъ житiа отхожаху; сице бо милосердiе свое и казнь съ милостiю людемъ своимъ посла. [1] That year (1417) there was a terrible epidemic among the people in Veliky Novgorod, and in Ladoga, and in Rus, and in Porkhov, and in Pskov, and in Torzhok, and in Tver, and in Dmitrov, and in their territories. And so great was the epidemic that the living could not handle burying the dead, and there were not enough healthy people to serve the sick, as one healthy person served dozens of sick people; and many manors were empty, and in others one or two people survived, and elsewhere one child. And the sickness was such in the people: as if a rogatina (bear spear kick) were hit behind the shoulders, or straight through the heart, or in the breast, or in the back, and when they became ill they began to cough up blood and burning a fire [2], and then they sweated and trembled, and went through every possible kind of human suffering; for the bubos were not all the same, one had one on his neck, another on his thighs, another near his sinuses, another under his cheek, or behind his shoulder, or under his armpit, or in other places. And lying in this sorrow, and with penance, and with oils, and even let in front of an angel, they passed away [died] from life; because with His love He sent [Him] His mercy and His torment. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1417, Winter – 1418 Attack of the plague in many areas of northern Rusia.   Bъ то же лѣтo [6925] быcть мopъ cтpaшeнъ въ людexъ въ Hoвѣгopoдѣ Beликoмъ и въ Лaдoзѣ, и въ Pycѣ, и въ Пopxoвѣ, и въ Пcкoвѣ, и въ Topжькy, и въ Tфepи, и въ Дмитpoвѣ, и пo влacтeмъ иxъ; и толь великъ быcть мopъ, яко живiи не ycпѣвaxy мepтвыxъ погpeбати, ниже доволни бяxy здравiи болящимъ служити, но единъ здравыи десятерымъ болeмъ служаще, и мнози дворы пусти бышa, a вo инoмъ единъ человѣкъ ocтacя или двa, a индѣ единo дѣтище. Болѣзнь же сицeвa быcть людeмъ: преже, яко poгатиною ударитъ за лопaтку или противу cepдцa подъ груди и пpомежи крилъ, и paзболѣвся начнетъ кровiю xpaкaти и огнь pажжетъ, по ceмъ потъ иметь, потoмъ дрожь иметъ, и иметь xoдити по всѣмъ cъcтавомъ человѣчимъ недугъ тои; желѣзa же не единаче, иному на шiи, дрyгому на стѣгнѣ, оному подъ пазухою или подъ скулою, или за лопaткoю и въ пaxy и на инѣхъ мѣстexъ, и въ болѣзни тои полeжавше, cъ покаанiемъ и cъ масломъ, мнози же и aггельска образа сподобившеся, oтъ житiя oтxoжaxy; cице бо милocepдiе свoe и казнь cъ милocтiю людемъ cвоимъ послa. [3] That year [6925] there was a terrible plague among the people in Novgorod the Great, and in Ladoga, and in Russa, and in Porkhov, and in Pskov, and in Torzhok, and in Tver, and in Dmitrov, and in their estates; and then there was a great plague, so that the living were not able to bury the dead. The healthy should have served the sick, but one healthy person had to serve ten sick people. And many manors were empty, in one a man or two remained, and in another only a child. The disease progressed as follows in humans: first, as if struck with bear spear behind the shoulder blade or in front of the heart, in the chest and between the collarbones. And when he falls ill, he begins to spit blood and [as if] a burning fire, then he sweats, then he shivers, and this suffering spreads through all his joints. The swelling/blisters were not in the same [places], some on the neck, the other on the tendon, the other under the armpit, or under the cheekbone, or behind the shoulder blade and under the armpit, and in other places. And lying in this disease, after confession and [anointing] with [holy] oil, they took an angelic shape and departed from life. Thus [God] sent His mercy and punishment with love to people. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)[4]
1417, Summer – 1417, Winter A fearful plague among the people in Novgorod, and in Ladoga, in Russa, Porkhov, Pskov, Tver, Dmitrov, and in Torzhok, and throughout their districts and villages   В то же лѣто и зиму [6925] [5] бѣ моръ страшенъ в Новѣгородѣ на людех, и в Ладозѣ, и в Русѣ, и в Порховѣ, и во Пьсковѣ, и въ Торжьку, и въ Дмитровѣ, и во Тфѣри, и по властемъ и по погостомъ. И како могу сказати ту бѣду страшную и грозную, бывшюю в весь моръ; кака туга живым по мертвыхъ, понеже умножишася умерших въ градѣх и селех, тѣм же едва успѣваху живии мертвых опрятывати, на всякъ день умираху толко, яко не успѣваху погрѣбати их, а дворовъ много затвориша безъ людии. Преже яко рогатынею ударить и явится железа, или начнет кровию хракати и потомь дрожь имет и огнь ражьжет по всѣмъ уставам человѣческымъ естественым, и недуг походит; и в то болѣзни мнози, лежавъ, изомроша[6]. Мнозѣх же крестиянъ богъ помилова своею милостию: отъидоша житья сего въ аггельском чину, от архиереи маслом мазавшимся; и два посадника преставистася в том же чину: Иванъ Олександрович, Борисъ Васильевич. А владыка Семеонъ съ всею седмию сборовъ и съ крестианы, со кресты обходи около всего великаго Новагорода, молися богу и пречистѣи его матери о престатьи гнѣва божиа. [7] The same summer and winter [6925] there was a fearful plague among the people in Novgorod, and in Ladoga, in Russa, Porkhov, Pskov, Tver, Dmitrov, and in Torzhok, and throughout their districts and villages. And how can I relate the fearful and terrible misery that there was during the whole plague ? What grief the living had for the dead, for the deaths increased so in towns and villages that

the living had barely time to make the dead tidy for burial; so many died every day, that they had not time to bury them; and many houses were closed unoccupied. First of all it would hit one as if with a lance, choking, and then a swelhng would appear, or spitting of blood with shivering, and fire would burn one in all the joints of the body; and then the illness would overwhelm one; and many after lying in that illness died. But to many Christians God was merciful : they left this life entering the angelic order after receiving holy unction from the Vladyka. And two Posadniks died in the same order: Ivan Olexandrovich and Boris Vasilievich. And Vladyka Simeon with all the seven congregations, with the Christians and with crosses went round the whole of Great Novgorod, praying God and His Immaculate Mother to withhold the wrath of God ; and the Christians on horseback and afoot drew logs from the forest and built a church to St. Anastasia which was consecrated the same day by the Vladyka Simeon who performed a holy liturgy ; with the remainder of the logs, they erected a church to St. Ilya in Prussian Street. And the people of Novi-torg put up a church to St. Afanasi likewise in a single day, and performed a liturgy. [8]

1417, Summer – 1418, Winter A fearful plague among the people in Novgorod, and in Ladoga, in Russa, Porkhov, Pskov, Tver, Dmitrov, and in Torzhok, and throughout their districts and villages   В то же лѣто и зиму [6925] [9] бѣ моръ страшенъ в Новѣгородѣ на людех, и в Ладозѣ, и в Русѣ, и в Порховѣ, и во Пьсковѣ, и въ Торжьку, и въ Дмитровѣ, и во Тфѣри, и по властемъ и по погостомъ. И како могу сказати ту бѣду страшную и грозную, бывшюю в весь моръ; кака туга живым по мертвыхъ, понеже умножишася умерших въ градѣх и селех, тѣм же едва успѣваху живии мертвых опрятывати, на всякъ день умираху толко, яко не успѣваху погрѣбати их, а дворовъ много затвориша безъ людии. Преже яко рогатынею ударить и явится железа, или начнет кровию хракати и потомь дрожь имет и огнь ражьжет по всѣмъ уставам человѣческымъ естественым, и недуг походит; и в то болѣзни мнози, лежавъ, изомроша[10]. Мнозѣх же крестиянъ богъ помилова своею милостию: отъидоша житья сего въ аггельском чину, от архиереи маслом мазавшимся; и два посадника преставистася в том же чину: Иванъ Олександрович, Борисъ Васильевич. А владыка Семеонъ съ всею седмию сборовъ и съ крестианы, со кресты обходи около всего великаго Новагорода, молися богу и пречистѣи его матери о престатьи гнѣва божиа. [11] The same summer and winter [6925] there was a fearful plague among the people in Novgorod, and in Ladoga, in Russa, Porkhov, Pskov, Tver, Dmitrov, and in Torzhok, and throughout their districts and villages. And how can I relate the fearful and terrible misery that there was during the whole plague ? What grief the living had for the dead, for the deaths increased so in towns and villages that the living had barely time to make the dead tidy for burial; so many died every day, that they had not time to bury them; and many houses were closed unoccupied. First of all it would hit one as if with a lance, choking, and then a swelhng would appear, or spitting of blood with shivering, and fire would burn one in all the joints of the body; and then the illness would overwhelm one; and many after lying in that illness died. But to many Christians God was merciful : they left this life entering the angelic order after receiving holy unction from the Vladyka. And two Posadniks died in the same order: Ivan Olexandrovich and Boris Vasilievich. And Vladyka Simeon with all the seven congregations, with the Christians and with crosses went round the whole of Great Novgorod, praying God and His Immaculate Mother to withhold the wrath of God ; and the Christians on horseback and afoot drew logs from the forest and built a church to St. Anastasia which was consecrated the same day by the Vladyka Simeon who performed a holy liturgy ; with the remainder of the logs, they erected a church to St. Ilya in Prussian Street. And the people of Novi-torg put up a church to St. Afanasi likewise in a single day, and performed a liturgy. [12]
1425, May 27 Epidemics in Moscow and other cities.   [6933] А съ Троицина дни почать быти моръ на Москвѣ; а пришелъ отъ Нѣмецъ въ Пьсковъ, а оттолѣ въ Новъгородъ, такоже доиде и до Москвы и на всю землю Рускую. [13] (1425) From the day of Pentecost(May 27)[14] there was an epidemic in Moscow. It came from the Germans to Pskov and from there to Novgorod, and so it reached Moscow and the whole Rus lands. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1425, May 27 The plague in Moscow and Rusian lands, which came from the Germans (Livonian?) through Pskov and Novgorod.   A c троицина дни [6933] [15] почат моръ быти на Mocквѣ, и пришелъ от Hѣмец въ Пъсковъ, a oттолѣ в Hoвъгopoд, также поиде до Mocквы и на землю Pyccкую. [16] And from the days of the Trinity 1425 there began to be a plague in Moscow, and it came from the Germans to Pskov, and from there to Novgorod, and also went to Moscow and to Rusian land. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1425, May 27 Plague in Pskov, Veliky Novgorod, Torzhok, Tver and other Rusian towns   B лѣтo 6934[17].Mopъ бысть великъ въ Пъсковe и в Hoвѣгopoдѣ Великoм и в Topжьку и въ Tфери, на Boлоцѣ и въ Дмитровѣ и на Mocквѣ и въ всѣx градѣx Pyccкыx и ceлex. [18] In the year 1425, there was a great plague in Pskov, and in Veliky Novgorod, and in Torzhok, and in Tver, and on Voloka, and in Dmitrov, and in Moscow, and in all the Rusian towns and villages. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1426 Attack of the plague in many areas of northern Rusia.   Bъ лѣтo 6934 мopъ быcть великъ въ Пcкoвѣ и въ Hoвѣгopoдѣ Beликoмъ, и въ Topжькy и въ Tфepи, на Boлoцѣ и въ Дмитpoвѣ, и на Mocквѣ и въ вѣcъxъ гpaдѣxъ Pyccкиxъ и ceлexъ. [19] In 1426 there was a great plague in Pskov, and in Novgorod Velikiy, and in Torzhok, in Tver, on Voloka, and in Dmitrov, and on Moscow, and in all Rusian towns and villages. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1426 Epidemics in Pskov, Velikiy Novgorod, Torzhok, Tver, Voloka, Dmitrov, Moscow and Rus lands.   О мору. Въ лѣто 6934. Моръ бысть великъ въ Псковѣ, и въ Новѣгородѣ Великомъ, и въ Торжку, и въ Твери, и на Волозѣ, и въ Дмитровѣ, и на Москвѣ; и въ всѣхъ градѣхъ Рускыхъ и въ селехъ. [20] About the epidemic. The year 1426. There were a great epidemics in Pskov, Velikiy Novogrod, Torzhok, Tver, Voloka, Dmitriyev, Moscow and in all the cities and villages of Rus. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1466, April 6 – 1466, November 14 Epidemics in Pskov and Novgorod.   [6974] Бысть моръ въ Псковѣ и въ Новѣгородѣ велми великъ; бысть съ Велика дни, а поча уиматися съ Филипова заговѣнiа. [21] (1466) There was a huge epidemic in Pskov and Novgorod; it lasted from Easter (April 6)[22] and began to reduce from Philip zagovenia [23] (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)

References

  1. ↑ Prodolzhenie letopisi po Voskresenskomu spisku in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. 8, Moscow 2001: Iazyk Russkoĭ Kul’tury, p. 89.
  2. ↑ In original text: огнъ разжетъ. This phrase literally means “burning a fire”, but in the meaning have a temperature.
  3. ↑ Симеоновская летопись, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, vol. XVIII, Mocквa: Знак, 2007, p. 163–164.
  4. ↑ Similar information, but without specifying the places where the plague occurred, was recorded in: Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocквa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 243.
  5. ↑ Perhaps the second, winter wave of the plague covered not only the winter months of 1417, but also the very beginning of the following year. As you know, in the Russian system the year began on March 1.
  6. ↑ Symptoms analogous to those in 1352/1353.
  7. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, c. 408.
  8. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 186.
  9. ↑ Perhaps the second, winter wave of the plague covered not only the winter months of 1417, but also the very beginning of the following year. As you know, in the Russian system the year began on March 1.
  10. ↑ Symptoms analogous to those in 1352/1353.
  11. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, c. 408.
  12. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 186.
  13. ↑ Prodolzhenie letopisi po Voskresenskomu spisku in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. 8, Moscow 2001: Iazyk Russkoĭ Kul’tury, p. 93.
  14. ↑ See Bronisław Włodarski, Chronologia Polska, Warszawa 2007: PWN, p. 382.
  15. ↑ Repeated information. The date of the plague's appearance is specified here. It happened after the days of St. Trinity. This movable feast in 1425 fell on May 27 (49 days after Easter). Interestingly, the information about the plague is preceded by the information about Alexander Ivanovich inheriting the Tver throne after the death of his father, Ivan Mikhailovich. The enthronement took place on May 21, which corresponds perfectly with the news about the beginning of the plague.
  16. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 247.
  17. ↑ This is another piece of news that in all likelihood concerns a plague that began after May 27, 1425
  18. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 247.
  19. ↑ Симеоновская летопись, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, vol. XVIII, Mocквa: Знак, 2007, p. 168.
  20. ↑ Prodolzhenie letopisi po Voskresenskomu spisku in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. 8, Moscow 2001: Iazyk Russkoĭ Kul’tury, p. 93.
  21. ↑ Prodolzhenie letopisi po Voskresenskomu spisku in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. 8, Moscow 2001: Iazyk Russkoĭ Kul’tury, p. 151.
  22. ↑ See Bronisław Włodarski, Chronologia Polska, Warszawa 2007: PWN, p. 378.
  23. ↑ In source ‘филипова заговѣнiа - a period of the fast that lasts from 14 November until Christmas. See Bronisław Włodarski, Chronologia Polska, Warszawa 2007: PWN, p. 284.
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