Pestis secunda

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In Pestis secunda, a total of 39 epidemic events are known so far.

Events

  Date Summary  
Source
Translation
  T
1356
VN: 3000 		Inscription referring to a Mass grave of the Pestis secunda in Hersfeld.   Anno milleno ter c semel l q(uoque) seno / De tumida peste q(ue) tu(n)c viguit ma(n)ifeste / Ex vi divina cecideru(n)t miliae) trina / Hic svbterrata req(ui)esca(n)t pace beata. [1] In the year 1356, due to the swelling plague, which was apparently in full force at the time, 3000 died by divine force and were buried here. May they rest in holy peace (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1356 The Pestis secunda emerges in Germany.   Item eodem anno (1356) insurgit pestilencia magna hominum, ut supra, per totam Alamaniam. [2] Similarly, in the same year (1356), a great pestilence of people arose, as mentioned before, throughout all of Germany. (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1356 – 1357 The pestis secunda strikes Hesse and Central Germany, in combination with a bad harvest and dearth of foodstuffs.   Item in disem selben jare irhup sich groß jamer, unde qwam daz zweite groß sterben, also daz di lude an allen enden in Duschen landen stoben mit großen haufen an der selben suchte, als si sturben in dem ersten sterben. Unde war ez nit enqwam in disem jare, dar qwam ez in dem andern jare, unde ging alumb. Auch so galt daz korn unde di fruchte sin gelt, daz ez an manichem lande gar hertlichen unde komerlichen wart sten, unde sunderlichen in Hessen, in Westfalen unde dar umb unde anderswo. Item der win galt groß gelt, mit namen so galt ein qwart wines von Elsaßen zu Limpurg funf engelsen, daz ist war, unde der lantwin unde von Rine einen schilling pennige. [3] In this same year (1356), great sorrow arose, and there came the second great dying, so that people everywhere in the German lands died in large numbers from the same sickness as they did in the first dying. And if it did not happen in this year, it happened in the next year and continued to roam. Also, the price of grain and other crops rose significantly, causing hardship and trouble in many lands, especially in Hessen, Westphalia, and surrounding areas. Moreover, the price of wine rose greatly, for example, a quarter of wine from Alsace cost five "English" in Limburg, that is true, and the local wine and that from the Rhine cost a shilling pennies. (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1356
VN: 2/3 		No longer extant inscription from inside a parish church in Kassel, referring to the Pestis secunda.   m c sic trinis cum l v i quoque binis / mund per gyrum regnans epidemia totum / grandi de peste pereunt homines tibi certe / pars hominum bina penetrant coelestia regna. [4] M C so three (times), with L V I also two (times) (1357), / Through the earth's whole circle a pestilence reigning, / Humans perish from great pestilence, to you reliably / A part of men; in twofold they move into heavenly realms. (Translation: Martin Bauch) based on the German translation [5]
1356 A plague emerges in Germany after a year of inclement weather, cold, and bad harvest.   Anno Domini trecentesimo quinquagesimo 6. crevit vinum tam debile, quod vix homines bibere poterant, et si vinum vetus poterat inveniri, in hoc non poterat tam preciose ... nisi biberetur; et homines, qui poterant hoc habere pro excellenti precio, gavisi sunt quasi gratis haberent; et annona preciosa; et facta est pestilencia in multis partibus terre. [6] In the year of our Lord 1356, wine grew so weak that scarcely could people drink it, and if old wine could be found, it couldn't be valued as highly... unless it was to be drunk; and people, insofar as they could have this for an excellent price, rejoiced as if they had it for free; and there was a dearth of grain; and a pestilence occurred in many parts of the land. (Translation: Martin Bauch); For german transl. [7]
1356, August Outbreak of plague in Frankfurt with a precise description of symptoms.   Item anno domini McccLVI circa mensem augustum et sequentibus magna in opido Frankenfordensi pestilencia duravit, ac in lectis modico tempore quandoque vix tribus diebus vel circa decumbentes decesserunt. Glauces circa crura vel brachia sua aut tumorem et dolorem circa capita sua vel alibi in corporibus habentes moriebantur. [8] In the year of our Lord 1356, around the month of August and the following months, a great pestilence persisted in the town of Frankfurt. Those afflicted would often lie in bed for a short time, sometimes barely three days or around that, before succumbing. They would die with bluish discoloration around their legs or arms, or with swelling and pain in their heads or elsewhere on their bodies. (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1356, August Outbreak of the plague in Frankfurt.   Anno 1356 in augusto tanto pestis insaevit Francofordiae quod mirum fuit. In triduo infecti pesti iverunt viam carnis universae. [9] In the year 1356, in August, such a severe plague raged in Frankfurt that it was astonishing. Within three days of being infected by the plague, they all passed away. (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1356, September 26 – 1356, September 28 Outbreak of the plague in Frankfurt accompanied by supplicatory processions.   Et eodem anno [1356] habita est supplicatio publica propter pestem epidemiae Francofordiae, singulis in manu tenentibus candelam (Antiquitates) / Eodem anno [1356] fuit stacio generalis propter epidemiam, et sexto quinto ac quarto calendas octobris cautatum fuit in ecclesia nostra officium "recordare", quolibet sacerdote candelam ardentem manu tenente (Acta). [10] And in the same year (1356), a public supplication was held due to the epidemic plague in Frankfurt, with everyone holding a candle in their hand (Antiquitates) / In the same year [1356], there was a general assembly due to the epidemic, and on the sixth, fifth, and fourth days before the Kalends of October [September 26th, 27th, and 28th], the office of "recordare" was sung in our church, with each priest holding a burning candle in hand (Acta). (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1357 A plague along the Rhine, in Hesse, Thuringia and Wetterau.   Eodem anno circa festum ascensionis fuit regina Ungarie et rex Romanus in Maguncia causa peregrinationis cum magna multitudine gentis. Eo quoque tempore fuit divulgatum per (p. 6) totam terram Renensem per litteras auctenticas, quod Antechristus natus esset, et narrabantur infinita signa que fecisset. In nativitate et post eciam dicebatur de multis miraculis de maximo calore qui deberet advenire, et de magnis fluviis et de multis preliis; que Deus avertat!
Anno predicto facta est magna pestilentia in multibus partibus Rheni et in Hassia et Thuringia et Wedderabia, et annona preciosa est, quia crevit valde modicum siliginis, sed bonum, et vinum similiter.
Eodem anno circa festum Marie Magdalene [Juli 22] eclipsis lune facta est, quia fuit plenilunium, et facta est in quantitate manus, et postea eodem die reintegrata est. [11] 		In the same year around Ascension Day, the kings of Hungary and the Roman king stayed in Mainz with a large entourage because of the journey to the East. At the same time, rumours spread throughout the Rhine region through genuine letters that the Antichrist had been born. There was talk of countless signs that he had brought about. At Christmas and afterwards, there was talk of many miracles, of tremendous heat to come, of great masses of water and many wars. God forbid!

In the predicted year, a great pestilence occurred in many parts of the Rhine area, as well as in Hesse, Thuringia, and the Wetterau, and grain was scarce because the wheat crop grew very little, albeit good, and similarly with wine. In the same year, a lunar eclipse occurred around Mary Magdalene on 22 July. It was a full moon, the eclipse reached hand-width, but shortly afterwards, on the same day, the moon was full again. (Translation: Martin Bauch); For german translation[12]; First and third paragraph translated from german with (Translation: DeepL)

1357 Great mortality in South Germany (Speyer, Bamberg, Augsburg, Regensburg, Constance, Stuttgart, Grüningen).   Mortalitas sive epithuma fuit in dyocesi Spirensi, Babenbergensi, Augustensi, Ratisponensi et eciam in una parte dyoc. Const. in territorio comitum de Wirtenberg circa Stutgarten et Grüningen. [13] There was a mortality or disease in the diocese of Speyer, Bamberg, Augsburg, Regensburg and also in a part of the diocese of Konstanz in the area of the dukes of Württemberg around Stuttgart and Grüningen. (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1357 Many people die of a plague in the monastery of Zwiefalten   In monasterio Zwiweltun multe persone ex pestilencia hominum morientur [14] In the monastery of Zwiefalten many persons die of a pestilence of men. (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1357 The Cistercian monastery of Mühlberg on the river Elbe remembers in 1359 its nuns deceased in a plague outbreak, probably part of the pestis secunda.   pro remedio animarum suae et progenitorum suorum et parentum ac etiam dominarum singularum et sororum nostrarum conventualium dicti nostri monasterii in moritalitate sive pestilentia, quae nuper videlicet de anno domini millesimo trecentesimo quinquagesimo septimo miserabiliter viguit. [15] For the remedy of the souls of themselves, their ancestors, and parents, and also of the individual ladies and our sisters of the said monastery, during the mortality or pestilence which recently, namely in the year of our Lord 1357, miserably prevailed. (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1358, May – 1358, August
VN: 5.000 		Outbreak of the Pestis secunda in Orvieto, more than 5000 deaths.   De l'anno mille et trecento cinquanta otto del mese di magio si cominciò in Orvieto grandissima mortalità di gente, et del mese di giugno et di luglio sequente sempre venne rinforzanno la mortalità finente il mese di agosto, sì che in Orvieto morì in questo anno molta gente, spetialmente cituli et giovani et giovane, che pochi giacavano amalati. Sí che si trovò in Orvieto, dentro alla città, morirno in questi quattro mesi, infra maschi et femine et grandi et piccholi, più di cinque milia persone, infra li quali morirno assai buoni cittadini notevoli et boni homini. Onde che la città di Orvieto ricevette grandissimo danno di boni cittadini. [16] In May of 1358 a great mortality of people began in Orvieto, and from the following months of June and July, the mortality rate always increased until the end of the month of August, so that in this year many people died in Orvieto, especially young men and women and young men and women, who were only a few sick. So that in Orvieto, inside the city, more than five thousand people died in these four months, including males and females, young and old, among whom many notable good citizens and good men died, so that the city of Orvieto received great damage from good citizens. (Translation: DeepL)
1358 A plague along the Rhine, in Cologne, with inclement weather, cold in wintern and dearth of foodstuffs.   Eo tempore est facta pestilencia valida in partibus inferioribus et in Colonia et inibi. Eo tempore antequam vindemia inciperet vinum fuit tam preciosum, quod vinum venale non inveniebatur; sed postea statim quando uve erant collecte vinum optimo foro erat, sicut unquam in decem annis antea factum est: ita ego vidi et audivi. Hyeme sequenti Rhenum est compactum circa tres septimanas. [17] At that time (1358), a severe pestilence occurred in the lower regions and in Cologne and its vicinity. At that time, before the grape harvest began, wine was so precious that it was not available for sale; but afterward, as soon as the grapes were collected, the wine was of the best quality ever seen in the market, as it was never in the past ten years: so I saw and heard. The following winter, the Rhine was frozen for about three weeks. (Translation: Martin Bauch); For german transl. [18]
1359 The Jews were persecuted because they were said to have produced the plague prevailing in many places.   1359 [...] Iudei in magna persecutione habebantur propter pestilenciam qui in aliquibus locis prevaluit, quasi ab illis procedat execra[bi]lis toxicacio. [19] 1359 [...] The Jews had a great persecution because of the pestilence which in many places prevailed. It was virtuall produced by them through abominable poisoning. (Translation: Christian Oertel)
1359, July 4 Inscription on a church bell to protect from plague and famine, probably referring to the Pestis secunda, from a parish church in Göttingen.   + ANNO · DOMINI · M° · C°C°C° LIX · IN DIE · S(ANCTI) · ODELRITCI + AVE · MARIA · GRACIA · PLENA · DOMINVS · TECVM · B[ENE]DICTA · TV · IN · MVLIERI / BVS · ET · BENEDICTVS · FRVCTVS · VENTRIS · TVI · AMIN · + O · REX · ETERNE · POPVLVM · TV · LEDERE · SPERNE · [FVL]MINE · [PE]STEf) · FAME · / · QVOCIGENS · TINNIT · SONVS · A ME. [20] In the year of our Lord 1359, on the day of St. Ulrich. Hail Mary, you are full of grace, the Lord is with you. Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb, Amen. O eternal King, spare the people from injury by lightning, pestilence (and) famine, as often as the sound of me is heard. (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1359, August 2 The Bishop of Constance incorporates the parish of Kirchberg, SG and its daugther church in Rickenbach, TG to the monastery of Sankt Gallen as the ongoing plague has killed so many peasants.   Item quod ex epidimia seu hominum mortalitate, que domino permittente in partibus istis hactenus viguit, multitudo colonorum et aliorum hominum ipsius monasterii utriusque sexus ipsis et dicto monasterio iure servitutis pertinencium de hac luce ad dominum migravit, adeo quod de pluribus ipsius monasterii possessionibus propter huiusmodi mortalitatem remanentibus incultis census debitos ex eis habere non valent. [21] Likewise, due to the epidemic or mortality among humans, which, with the Lord's permission, has prevailed in these parts until now, a multitude of peasants and other people, both men and women belonging by right of servitude to the monastery itself, have departed from this life to the Lord, so much so that, because of this mortality, many of the possessions of the monastery itself, remaining uncultivated, cannot pay the due revenues (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1359, November 1 A plague in Bohemia and the neighbouring areas.   Eo tempore (1359) circa Omnium Sanctorum fuit pestilencia gravis in Bohemia et in partibus Bohemie et circumsitis. [22] At that time (1359), around All Saints' Day, there was a severe pestilence in Bohemia and in the surrounding regions of Bohemia. (Translation: Martin Bauch); for german transl.[23]
1359, December 10 The Bishop of Constance incorporates the church of St. Laurentius in Sankt Gallen to the monastery of Sankt Gallen as the ongoing plague has killed so many peasants.   Item quod ex epidimia seu hominum mortalitate, que domino permittente in partibus istis hactenus viguit, multitudo colonorum et aliorum hominum ipsius monasterii utriusque sexus ipsis et dicto monasterio iure servitutis pertinencium de hac luce ad dominum migravit, adeo quod de pluribus ipsius monasterii possessionibus propter huiusmodi mortalitatem remanentibus incultis census debitos ex eis habere non valent. [24] Likewise, due to the epidemic or mortality among humans, which, with the Lord's permission, has prevailed in these parts until now, a multitude of peasants and other people, both men and women belonging by right of servitude to the monastery itself, have departed from this life to the Lord, so much so that, because of this mortality, many of the possessions of the monastery itself, remaining uncultivated, cannot pay the due revenues. (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1360 Note by Nils Birgersson, dean in Uppsala c. 1390–1420 on the black death in Sweden in 1360. Due to the high mortality among children, it was called barnadöden (= children’s death)   Iterum pestilencia fuit magna que vocabatur barnadødh. [25] Again there was a great pestilence which was called children's death. (Translation: Carina Damm)
1361
VN: 11.000 		The pestis secunda is ravaging Venice, France, Spain, Germany, Avignon, Lombardy and Romagna, but sparing Modena, Bologna and Tuscany. Milan suffers a loss of 11.000 people   Dicto millesimo M.ccclxj per totum illum annum in partibus orbis fuit pestilentialis mortalitas valde magna, quae de uno loco ad alium per temporis spacium transibat; fuit etiam dicta mortalitas in civitate Venetiarum, in Francia, in Hispania, in Alemania, in Avenione ubi Papa residebat et in aliquibus partibus Romandiolae et quasi in omnibus civitatibus Lombardiae, quia prout ego Iohannes de Bacano audivi ab aliquibus fide dignis, in civitate Mediolani et eius diocesi inter homines et mulieres plusquam xj. milia personarum ex dicta pestilentia obierunt, ita quod medietas personarum in locis ubi erat pestilentia habitantium et ultra creduntur ex [p. 177] dicta pestilentia decessisse; tamen dicta pestilentia ad civitatem Mutinae nec Bononiae ne in Tuscia nec in aliis multis mundi locis in dicto anno minime pertransivit. Pestilentia autem illa era apostemata pessima, ex quibus personae, ut plurimum, subito vel quasi demigrabant. [26] In the said year 1361, throughout that entire year, there was a very great plague-induced mortality in parts of the world, which moved from one place to another over a span of time. This mortality was also said to have occurred in the city of Venice, in France, in Spain, in Germany, in Avignon where the Pope resided, and in some parts of Romagna, and in almost all the cities of Lombardy. For, as I, Johannes de Bacano, heard from some trustworthy sources, in the city of Milan and its diocese, more than eleven thousand people, both men and women, died from this plague, so that it is believed that half of the inhabitants in the places where the plague was present and more died from this plague. However, this plague did not pass through the city of Modena, nor Bologna, nor in Tuscany, nor in many other parts of the world in that year. This plague, however, was marked by very bad abscesses, from which most people, suddenly or almost suddenly, perished (Translation needed)
1361, Summer
VN: 70,000 		Outbreak of the Pestis secunda in Milan and surroundings, but also in Brescia, Cremona, Parma and in Lombardy in general.   Anno autem proxime preterito, estivo tempore, cepit morbus in Mediolano et comitatu invalescere et in tantum Invaluit quod, pretermlssis, ut superìus est dictum, omnibus remediis in civitate Mediolani et suburbiis, brevi tempore mortui sunt lxxvii milia virorum et in comitatu tanti, quod numerus ipsorum non posset describi, propter que multe terre in comitatu ut plurimura vacue sunt dimisse, cuius rei causa Domini Mediolani de ipsa civitate cum universis familiis de civitate ipsa Mediolani' recesserunt ad eorum castra divertendo et eciam civitibus. In quibus civitatibus etiam prefati domini Bernabois infiniti propter morbum perierunt, videlicet in Brixia, Cremona, Parma et in aliis universis terris suis Lumbardie ; cuius rei causa homines depauperati sunt dictorum locorum, non tamen in tantum quantum sunt alii civitatum premissarum domini Galeaz, qui propter descripta deducti sunt ad finem et alia. [27] In the previous year, during the summer, the disease began to spread and intensify in Milan and its hinterland to such an extent that, despite all remedies being applied, as mentioned earlier, 77,000 men died in the city of Milan and its suburbs in a short time. In the surroundings, so many died that their number could not be recorded, resulting in many lands in the county being largely abandoned. Because of this, the lords of Milan, along with their entire families, left the city and moved to their castles and towns. Even in these cities, countless people belonging to the Lord Bernabò perished due to the disease, notably in Brescia, Cremona, Parma, and other lands in Lombardy. This caused the people in these places to become impoverished, though not to the same extent as those in the cities under Lord Galeazzo, who were brought to ruin as described (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1361 Outbreak of the Pestis secunda in Trento.   Item millesimo CCCLXI. fuit pestis et mortalitas in universo mundo non minor prima peste, sed ejusdem naturae non quo ad quantitatem personarum, quae illo tempore non erant tot, quot in prima peste, sed sic subito et eodem modo quo primo moriebantur. [28] Likewise, in the year 1361, there was a plague and mortality in the entire world, not lesser than the first plague, but of the same nature, not in terms of the number of people, who were not as numerous as during the first plague, but just as sudden and in the same manner as they died during the first plague. (Translation: Martin Bauch)
1361 Outbreak of an epidemic, that travels eastwards from Piedmont with many deaths   In lo dicto millesimo fu una grande mortalità in queste parte. Cominzò in Piamunti et per le contrade e dessèse a Millano, e morilli oltra che cento milia christiani. [p. 144] Venne oltre a Parma e llì fu grandissima mortalità; et passò oltra, a Rimino, per tucta la Romagna, com fu a Cesena et a Forlì, et a Faenza, et a Ymola ne fu pocha; et finalmente in ogni parte [29] In the said thousandth year there was a great mortality in these parts. It began in Piedmont and through the districts and went to Milan, and died more than a hundred thousand Christians. [p. 144] It came beyond Parma and there was a great mortality; and it passed beyond, to Rimini, through the whole of Romagna, as it was in Cesena and Forlì, and Faenza, and in Imola there was little; and finally in every part. (Translation: DeepL)
1361, May – 1361, July
VN: 500/day 		A mortality breaks out in Montpellier from May to July. People of all social status die. Sometimes 500 persons die in the same day.   Item, aquel an meteys, fon grant mortalitat en crestiandat et duret a Montpelier per tot may et junh et julh en que moriron motz de bos homes et gran colp d’autra gent, tant que lo y ac mot de jorns que morian Vc personas en tre grans e paucas et riquas e pauras. [30] In this year occured a great epidemic all across Christianhood. In Montpellier, it lasted from May to July, and many rich and poor people died, so that in some days 500 people died altogether. (Translation: Thomas Labbé)
1361, June A plague in Avignon kills many, among them German clerics.   In Iunio facta est maxima pestilencia et mortalitas in curia Romana Avinione. Tunc obierunt ibi multi clerici Alamani. [31] In June (1361), the greatest pestilence and mortality occurred in the Roman court in Avignon. Many German clerics died there at that time. (Translation: Martin Bauch);for german transl.[32]
1362 Pestis secunda in Bologna kills many   Pestilentia magna Bononie multos consumpsit. [33] (Translation needed)
1362 Outbreak of Pestis secunda in Bologna.   1362 fu una muria in bulogna che pochi ne rimasero. [34] 1362 was a mortality in Bologna that few remained. (Translation: DeepL)
1362, May – 1362, October Pestis secunda in Bologna and surrounding area   Magna mortalitas fuit in Bononia et comitatu Bononiae et duravit a mense maji usque per totum mensem octobris, et tunc decessit Guidutius Mathae Guidonis de Griffonibus, die XXI septembris, et sepultus fuit ad Sanctum Franciscum [35] (Translation needed)
1362, June, December Pestis secunda in Italy is explained with weather methaphors with regard to its unclear pattern.   In questi tempi, del mese di giugno e luglio, la usata pistolenzia dell'anguinaia con danno grandissimo percosse la città di Bologna, e tutto il Casentino occupò, salvo che certe ville alle quali perdonò, procedendo quasi in similtudine di grandine, la quale e questo e quel campo pericola, e quello del mezzo [p. 586] quasi perdonando trapassa; e sse similtudine di suo effetto dare si può, se cciò procede dal cielo per mezzo dell'aria corrotta, simile pare alle nuvole rade e spesse, per le quali passi i rraggio del sole, e dove fa sprendere e dove no. Or come che 'l fatto si vada, nel Casentino infino a Decomano nelle terre del conte Ruberto fé grande damaggio d'ogni maniera di gente: toccò Modona e Verona assai, e lla città di Pisa e di Lucca, e in certe parti del contado di Firenze vicine all'alpi, e nelle alpi delli Ubaldini: a' Pisani tolse molti cittadini, ma più soldati. Nell' isola di rodi in questi tempi ha ffatti danni incredibili: e nel MCCCLXII del mese di luglio e d'agosto aspramente assalì l'oste de' collegati di Lombardia sopra la città di Brescia per modo che convenne se ne partisse, e nella città danno fece assai. Nella città di Napoli e in molte terre de Regno, ove assai, e dove poco facea, ove neente. Nelle case vicini a fFegghine cominciò d'ottobre in una ruga, e ll' altre vie non toccò. In Firenze ove in una casa ove in un'altra di rado e poco per infino a calen di dicembre. [36] In these times, in the months of June and July, the recurring plague of the groin area struck the city of Bologna with great harm and spread throughout the entire Casentino region, except for certain villages which were spared. It proceeded almost in a manner similar to hail, which damages one field and the next but spares the one in the middle; if a comparison to its effect can be made, it seems to proceed from the sky through the corrupted air, similar to sparse and dense clouds, through which the sun's rays pass, shining in some places and not in others. However it happened, in Casentino up to Decomano in the lands of Count Ruberto, it caused great damage to all kinds of people: it affected Modena and Verona significantly, as well as the cities of Pisa and Lucca, and in certain parts of the Florence countryside near the Alps, and in the Ubaldini Alps. It took many citizens from the Pisans, but more soldiers. In the island of Rhodes during these times, it caused incredible damage: and in 1362, in the months of July and August, it harshly attacked the allied army of Lombardy above the city of Brescia to the point that they had to retreat, and it caused considerable damage in the city. In the city of Naples and many lands of the Kingdom, it caused much damage in some places, little in others, and none in others. Near Feghine, it began in October in one street but did not touch the others. In Florence, it affected one house or another rarely and slightly until the beginning of December.. (Translation: DeepL)
1362 Outbreak of the Pestis secunda in Perugia   Nel predicto anno e millesimo 1362 fu una grande mortalità de peste quasi per tutto el mondo, et in questa nostra cità de Peroscia ce morì molta gente. [37] In the aforementioned year and in the year 1362, there was a great mortality due to the plague almost all over the world, and in this our city of Perugia, many people died. (Translation: ChatGPT-3.5)
1362, October 18 The archbishop of Prague, Arnošt of Pardubice, announces in the statutes of an archiepiscopal synod an indulgence of 40 days for those who sing and take part in a mass against the plague (missa contra pestilentiam) with devotion.   Sane, dilectissimi, pluribus retroactis temporibus saeva pestilencia et nuperrime fames horribiles et valida justo Dei iudicio, ut nostis, innumeros homines peremerunt et nunc iterum ipsa pestilencia terribilis et dira certo rumore volante in vicinis nostris partibus crassatur. [...] eodem die missa contra pestilentiam [...] cum devotione cantetur, cui omnes qui possunt intererunt humiliter misericordiam implorantes divinam, ut jacula pestilentiae a nobis procul amoveat et repellat. [38] Certainly, beloved ones, in many past times, a cruel pestilence and recently a horrible and powerful famine, through the just judgment of God, as you know, have destroyed innumerable people. And now again, the same dreadful and dire pestilence is spreading in our neighboring regions with a certain rumor flying. [...] On the same day, let the Mass against pestilence [...] be sung with devotion, to which all who can attend humbly implore divine mercy, that the arrows of pestilence may be far removed and repelled from us. (Translation: Christian Oertel)(With the assistance of ChatGPT 3.5)
1362, November Flooding of the Po and outbreak of the Pestis secunda.   In quell'Anno crebbe tanto il fiume Pò a dì 10. di novembre, che affondò gran parte del Ferrarese. In quell' anno e in quel mese incominciò una gran pestilenza di mortalità, della quale quasi per tutto il mondo morirono molti. [39] In that year, the Po River rose so high on the 10th of November that it flooded a large part of the Ferrara. In that year and month, a great pestilence of mortality began, from which many people died. (Translation: DeepL)
1363 At the end of the year 1363 the plague rages the kingdom of Poland and the provinces in its vicinity. Many people die.   1363. Pestis in Polonia. In fine anni huius epidimie morbus invalescens Regnum Polonie et vicinas provincias vexavit, plurimisque mortalibus sua lue extinctis, opida, vicos, et rura in desercionem diuturnam precipitavit. [40] 1363. Plague in Poland. At the end of the year this deadly epidemic grew stronger and raged in the kingdom of Poland and the neighbouring provinces and many humans were extinguished by it. Towns, villages and rural areas were left deserted for a long time. (Translation: Christian Oertel)
1363, July – 1363, August Pestis secunda in Florence and refugees to Bologna, since August Pestis secunda even in Padua, Ferrara and Venice   Et in quisti dì [Juli] era in Fiorenza una grandissima mortalità, per tucta la Toschana; che venne in Bologna assai Thoschani, per ussire della morìa. [...] [p. 167] Ancora in lo dicto millesimo si fu una grandissima mortalità a Ferara, a Padoa, a Vinesia. Et deti sapere che l'anno passado la gli era stata grande; et per quello che se diseva ogni homo, l'era mortalità et guerra et per tucta la christianitade; et fu in molte terre de za che la gli fu doe volte, zoè in la più parte. [41] And in these days [July] there was in Florence a very great mortality, for all of Tuscany; that many Thoskans came to Bologna, to get away from the death ... [p. 167] Still in the said thousand year, there was a very great mortality in Ferara, in Padua, in Venice. And you should know that last year there was great mortality; and for what every man said, there was mortality and war and for the whole of Christianity; and in many lands it was twice, that is, in the most part. (Translation: Thomas Wozniak)
1363, July, November Pestis secunda in Pisa, which is explained through astrometeorology and description of the symptoms of the plague.   Innel ditto anno milletrecentosessantatré Pisa ebe due grandissimi affanni, cioè guerra e mortalità di gente, grandi e picciuli, maschi e femmine. La morìa fue grande, e 'ncomincciò (p. 187) la morìa del mese di luglio e durò sine a novembre, e moritte molti padri di famigla, tra i quali molti grandi mercanti cittadini e altri assai. E moriano di male di bolle e di soditelli e di anguinaie e di tinchoni e di faoni, e non ffu casa in Pisa né in del suo contado che nnon ritrovasse e quale trovò inel tutto che non vvi rimase persona. E duroè la ditta morìa mesi sei. E li fiorentini ardendo in quello tenpo lo contado, ma ellino non sentiano in quello anno di morìa, ma poi tocchò a lloro. Questa morìa fue sotto la pianeta di Saturno, la qual pianeta pena a ffare lo suo corso anni trenta, e ppoi che ella inchomincciò non restò mai, che ella non cerchasse lo mondo per ogni cità e castella e contado di tenpo in tenpo. E ciercoè Pisa in quindici, 15, anni due volte, senssa l'autro di queste due moriè. Fue la prima del milletrecientosessantatré, 1363, che àe anni quindici, 15, l'una dall'una morìa all'autra, e di questa segonda ne moritta in Pisa più della metà delle persone. [42] In the said year one thousand three hundred and sixty-three, Pisa suffered two very great afflictions, that is, war and mortality of people, great and small, male and female. The death rate was great, and it began (p. 187) in the month of July and lasted until November, and many fathers of families died, among whom were many great merchant citizens and many others. And they died of blisters and sodomy and anguinaie and tinchoni and faoni, and there was no house in Pisa nor in its countryside that was not found, and which found in all that there was no person left. And the company died for six months. And the Florentines burned the countryside at that time, but they did not hear in that year of his death, but then it was their turn. This death took place under the planet of Saturn, which took thirty years to make its course, and after its fall there never remained that it did not search the world for every city, castle and countryside from time to time. And ciercoè Pisa in fifteen, fifteen, years twice, without the other of these two deaths. Fue la prima del , 1363, che àe anni quindici, 15, l'altra morìa all'altra, e di questa segonda ne moritta in Pisa più della metà delle persone. (Translation needed) (Translation: DeepL)
1364, Autumn – 1365 A great plague (Pestis secunda) in Vladimir-Suzdalian Rusia.   B лѣтa 6872[43]гнѣвомъ Божимъ зa yмноженie грѣxъ нaшиxъ,быcть моръ cилeнъ великъ нa люди въ Hoвѣгopoдѣ въ Hижнемъ, нa yѣздe и нa Capy, и нa Kиши, и пo cтpaнaмъ и пo вoлocтeмъ, oвiи xpaкaxy кpoвiю, a дpyзiи железою, и не долго боляxy, но два дни или три, или единъ день поболѣвше, тaкo умирaxy; нa всякъ жe дeнь мнoзи умирaxy, и толико множество иxъ, яко не пocпѣвaxy живiи мертвыx погребати. Toe же oceни мѣсяца Oктября въ 23 прествися князь Иванъ Иванoвичъ, братъ князя великaго Дмитрея Иванoвичa, и положенъ быcть въ цepкви cвятoгo apxaaггелѣ на Mocквѣ. Toe же oceни и тоe же зимы быcть мopъ великъ нa люди въ гpaдѣ Пepeяcлавли, мepли люди пo мнoгy на день, пo 20, пo 30 на день, иногда на день 60, 70 человѣкъ, a иногды 100, a тaкoвы дни были же пoбoлѣ cтa на день человѣкъ yмиpaлo; a болеcтъ былa тaкoвa: преже кaкъ poгатиною ударитъ за лопaтку или пpoтивy cepдцa подъ груди или пpoмежъ крилъ, и paзболится человѣкъ, и начнеть кровiю xpaкaти и огнь paзбьетъ, и по ceмъ потъ, потoмъ дрожь имeть, и тако въ бoлecти полежавъ, oвiи день eдинъ поболѣвше умиpaxy, a дpyзiи два дни; a инiи 3 дни, преже мopъ былъ кpoвию xpaчющe мepли, потoмъ железою paзбoлѣвшecя, ти тaкoжe два дни или 3 дни полежавшe умиpaxy; желѣзa же не eдинaкo, но иному на шee, a иному на стегнѣ, oвому подъ пазухою, oвому же подъ скулою, иному же за лопаткою. Не токмо же въ гpaдѣ Пepeяcлавлѣ былo ce, но и пo всѣмъ вoлocтeмъ Пepeяcлавлcкимъ былъ мopъ, и пo ceлoмъ и пo пoгocтoмъ; и пo мaнacтыpeмъ, a преже тoгo былъ мopъ въ Hoвѣгopoдѣ въ Hижнемъ, a пришoлъ съ Низy отъ Бездeжа[44] въ Hoвгopoдъ Hижнiи, и оттолѣ нa Koломнy, нa дpyгoe лѣтo въ Пepeяcлавлъ, a отъ Пepeяcлавля на дpyгoe лѣто нa Мocквy. Такo въ всѣxъ градѣxъ и странaxъ и въ всѣxъ пpeдѣлaxъ иxъ быль мopъ великыи страшныи. Увы мнѣ! Кaкo мoгy cкaзaти бѣдy тy гpoзнyю и тyгy страшнyю, бывшyю въ великiи мopъ, кaкo вeздѣ тyгa и пeчaлъ гopкaя, плaчь и pыдaнie, и кpикъ, и вoпль, cлeзы нeyтѣшимы; плaкaxycя живыи мepтвыxъ, пoнeжe yмнoжишacя мнoжecтвo мepтвыxъ, и въ градѣхъ мepтвия, и въ сeлexъ, и въ домѣxъ мpътвыя, и въ xpaмѣxъ в y церквеи мepтвыя, мнoгo жe мepтвыxъ, a мало живыхъ, тѣмъ не ycпѣвaxy живiи мepтвыx oпрятывати, нижe дoвoлни бяxy здpaви и дecятepымъ бoлeмъ нa пoтpeбy дa пocлyжитъ. Погрѣбaxy же oвoгдa двa, тpи въ eдинy мoгилy, oвoгдa же 5, 6, инoгдa дo дecяти, ecть же дpyгoици eгдa бoлѣ 10 въ eдинy мoгилy пoклaдaxy, a въ дворѣ индѣ eдинъ чeлoвѣкъ ocтacя, a индѣ мнoзи дворы пусты бѣшa. [45] In the year 1364, because of the wrath of God [caused by] the multiplication of our sins, there was a very severe plague in Nizhny Novgorod, in the region and in Sara, and in Kisha, and in the surrounding areas and estates, some spit blood, and others [appeared] ulcers, and did not they were sick for a long time, two or three days, or one, and then they died. Many people died every day, and there were so many of them that they were unable to bury the dead alive. This fall, in the month of October, on the 23rd, Prince Ivan Ivanovich, brother of Grand Duke Dmitry Ivanovich, died and was buried in the Church of the Holy Archangel in Moscow. That autumn and that winter there was a great plague among the people in the town of Pereyaslav, many people died a day, 20, 30 a day, sometimes 60, 70 people a day, sometimes 100, and there were days when over a hundred people died. died every day. And the disease was as follows: first, it was like being hit behind the shoulder blade or opposite the heart, under the breast or between the shoulder blades, and the person became sick and started spitting blood and a fire was kindled [in the body], and then he sweated, then he got chills, and so on in pain. lying there, these were sick for one day, and others died for two days, and others for three days. At first the plague was such that they died spitting blood, then they became sick with ulcers and lay in bed for two or three days and died. The ulcers were not the same, but in one it was on the neck, in another on the tendons, in this one under the armpit, in this one under the cheekbone, in another behind the shoulder blade. There was this plague not only in the town of Pereyaslavl, but also in all Pereyaslavl estates, in villages, in rural tax districts, and in monasteries. And before that there was a plague in Nizhny Novgorod, and it came from Niz, from Bezdezh to Nizhny Novgorod, and from there to Kolomna, and the next year to Pereyaslavl, and from Pereyaslavl for the second year to Moscow. So in all the cities and provinces and in all their districts there was a very terrible plague. Oh wretched me! How can I tell about this terrible poverty and terrible weakness that occurred during the great plague, when everywhere there is weakness and bitter sadness, weeping and sobbing, screaming and calling for help, inconsolable tears; the living mourned for the dead, for the dead were multiplied in multitude, dead in the towns, and in the villages, and in the houses, and in the farmsteads, and dead in the churches, and many dead, and few living. Therefore, they were unable to prepare the living dead for burial; they had to be able to stay healthy and serve ten sick people in need. Sometimes they buried two or three in one grave, sometimes 5 or 6, sometimes up to ten, and there were others where they buried more than 10 in one grave. And sometimes one man stayed in the manor, and in other places the manors were [completely] empty. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)[46]


References

  1. ↑ DI 91, Hersfeld-Rotenburg, Nr. 34 (Sebastian Scholz und Rüdiger Fuchs), in: www.inschriften.net, urn:nbn:de:0238-di091mz14k0003402
  2. ↑ • Heinrich Taube von Selbach: Chronica imperatorum et paparum. In: Die Chronik Heinrichs Taube von Selbach mit den von ihm verfassten Biographien Eichstätter Bischöfe (= Monumenta Germaniae Historica Scriptores rerum Germanicarum N.S.,). Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, Berlin 1922, pp. 1-120 , p. 110.
  3. ↑ • Tilemann Elen von Wolfhagen: Die Limburger Chronik des Tilemann Elhen von Wolfhagen. (= Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Deutsche Chroniken (MGH. Dt. Chron.)). Hahn'sche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1883 , p. 46.
  4. ↑ • Christian Presche: Kassel im Mittelalter. Zur Stadtentwicklung bis 1367. Textband. Kassel University Press, Kassel , pp. 512-513, taken from an Early modern source compilation, "Hessische Congeries", but evaluated and redated most convincingly.
  5. ↑ • Christian Presche: Kassel im Mittelalter. Zur Stadtentwicklung bis 1367. Textband. Kassel University Press, Kassel , p. 512, footnote 2390.
  6. ↑ • Anonymus: Chronicon Moguntinum. In: Chronicon Moguntinum (= MGH SSrG. 2). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1882, pp. 1-90 , p. 4.
  7. ↑ • Johannes Kungstein: Mainzer Chronik 1346 bis 1406 – Chronicon Moguntinum. Festgabe für Anton Issel (= Lebendiges Rheinland-Pfalz). Mainz 2009 , p. 29
  8. ↑ • Anonymus: Annales Francofurtani 1306-1364. (= Quellen zur Frankfurter Geschichte). Carl Jügel, Frankfurt 1884, pp. 1-3 , p. 3.
  9. ↑ • Petrus Herp OP: Collectanea fratris Petri Herp Dominicani. (= Quellen zur Frankfurter Geschichte). Carl Jügel, Frankfurt 1884, pp. 58-66 , p. 59.
  10. ↑ • Johannes Latomus: Antiquitates / Acta aliquod vetustiora. (= Quellen zur Frankfurter Geschichte). Carl Jügel, Frankfurt 1884, pp. 67-136 , p. 97.
  11. ↑ • Anonymus: Chronicon Moguntinum. In: Chronicon Moguntinum (= MGH SSrG. 2). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1882, pp. 1-90 , p. 5-6
  12. ↑ • Johannes Kungstein: Mainzer Chronik 1346 bis 1406 – Chronicon Moguntinum. Festgabe für Anton Issel (= Lebendiges Rheinland-Pfalz). Mainz 2009 , p. 31
  13. ↑ • Heinricus de Diessenhofen: Heinricus de Diessenhofen und andere Geschichtsquellen Deutschlands im späteren Mittelalter (= Fontes rerum Germanicarum – Geschichtsquellen Deutschlands). Stuttgart 1868, pp. 16–126 , p. 112
  14. ↑ • Anonymus: Annales Zwifaltenses. In: Monumenta Germaniae Historica (= MGH Scriptores). Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1852, pp. 51–64 , p. 62
  15. ↑ • Urkundenbuch des Hochstifts Meißen (= Codex Diplomaticus Saxoniae II). Giesecke & Devrient, Leipzig , vol. 2, p. 22, No. 514.
  16. ↑ • Anonymus: Discorso historico con molti accidenti occorsi in Orvieto et in altre parti principiando dal 1342 fino al 1368. In: Annales Urbevetani, Cronica potestatum (1194–1332) (= Rerum Italicarum Scriptores (RIS²)). S. Lapi, Citta di Castello 1922–24 , p. 84
  17. ↑ • Anonymus: Chronicon Moguntinum. In: Chronicon Moguntinum (= MGH SSrG. 2). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1882, pp. 1-90 , p. 7.
  18. ↑ • Johannes Kungstein: Mainzer Chronik 1346 bis 1406 – Chronicon Moguntinum. Festgabe für Anton Issel (= Lebendiges Rheinland-Pfalz). Mainz 2009 , p. 33
  19. ↑ Continuatio Zwetlensis quarta, in: MGH SS 9, ed. Pertz (1851), pp. 684-689, 688
  20. ↑ DI 19, Stadt Göttingen, Nr. 7 (Werner Arnold), in: www.inschriften.net, urn:nbn:de:0238-di019g001k0000709
  21. ↑ • Clavadetscher, Otto: Chartularium Sangallense. Vol. 7 (1348-1361). Herausgeber- und Verlagsgemeinschaft Chartularium Sangallense, St. Gallen 1993 , p. 457458, no. 4623.
  22. ↑ • Anonymus: Chronicon Moguntinum. In: Chronicon Moguntinum (= MGH SSrG. 2). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1882, pp. 1-90 , p. 8.
  23. ↑ • Johannes Kungstein: Mainzer Chronik 1346 bis 1406 – Chronicon Moguntinum. Festgabe für Anton Issel (= Lebendiges Rheinland-Pfalz). Mainz 2009 , p. 33.
  24. ↑ • Clavadetscher, Otto: Chartularium Sangallense. Vol. 7 (1348-1361). Herausgeber- und Verlagsgemeinschaft Chartularium Sangallense, St. Gallen 1993 , p. 457458, no. 4654
  25. ↑ Göte Paulsson: Annales Suecici Medii Aevi: Svensk Medeltidsannalistik. Lund, 1974, p. 286
  26. ↑ • Giovanni da Bazzano: Chronicon Mutinense [AA. 1188-1363] (= Rerum Italicarum Scriptores (RIS²)). Bologna 1917 , pp. 176-179
  27. ↑ • Pietro Azario: Liber gestorum in Lombardia. (= Rerum Italicarum Scriptores (RIS²)). Zanichelli, Bologna 1926-39 , pp. 145-146
  28. ↑ • Giovanni da Parma: Cronaca inedita. (= Storia della città di Parma). Tipografia Ducale, Parma 1837, pp. 50-53 , p. 52
  29. ↑ • Anonymus: Cronaca A (1351-1409). In: Corpus Chronicorum Bononiensium. Testo delle Croniche (= Rerum Italicarum Scriptores (RIS²). 3). Città di Castello 1938 , pp. 143–144
  30. ↑ • Anonymus: Équipe projet Thalamus, Édition critique numérique du manuscrit AA9 des Archives municipales de Montpellier dit Le Petit Thalamus. , http://thalamus.huma-num.fr/annales-occitanes/annee-1361.html (20 April 2020).
  31. ↑ • Anonymus: Chronicon Moguntinum. In: Chronicon Moguntinum (= MGH SSrG. 2). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1882, pp. 1-90 , p. 9.
  32. ↑ • Johannes Kungstein: Mainzer Chronik 1346 bis 1406 – Chronicon Moguntinum. Festgabe für Anton Issel (= Lebendiges Rheinland-Pfalz). Mainz 2009 , p. 35.
  33. ↑ • Alberto Sorbelli: Cronica gestorum ac factorum memorabilium civitatis Bononiensis / Gerolamo Albertucci de' Borselli (= Rerum Italicarum Scriptores (RIS²)). S. Lapi, Città di Castello 1912 , p. 50
  34. ↑ • Anonymus: Brani di cronache bolognesi. Bibliotece Estense, Modena , ISBN (Signatur)γ. R. 4. 31 (Campori, App. 329) , p. 20r
  35. ↑ • Matteo Griffoni: Memoriale Historicum de rebus Bononiensium (= Rerum Italicarum Scriptores (RIS²)). Città di Castello 1902 , p. 66
  36. ↑ • Matteo Villani: Cronica.Con la continuazione di Filippo Villani (= Biblioteca di scrittori italiani). Parma 1995 , vol. 2, pp. 585–586.
  37. ↑ • Anonymus: Cronaca della Città di Perugia dall'anno 1309 al 1491 (= Archivio storico italiano). 1850, pp. 71-750 , p. 193
  38. ↑ Statutum synodale Arnesti AEpi..., in: Libiri erectionum, vol. I, ed. Borovy (1873), pp. 39f.
  39. ↑ Template:Niccolò da Ferrara 1738, Sp. 843.
  40. ↑ Iohanis Dlugossii Annales seu cronicae incliti regni Poloniae, ed. Budkowa et al., vol. 9, Warszawa 1978, p. 322
  41. ↑ • Anonymus: Cronaca A (1351-1409). In: Corpus Chronicorum Bononiensium. Testo delle Croniche (= Rerum Italicarum Scriptores (RIS²). 3). Città di Castello 1938 , pp. 166–167
  42. ↑ • Cecilia Iannella: Cronica di Pisa. Dal ms. Roncioni 338 dell'Archivio di Stato di Pisa (= Fonti per la storia d'Italia Medievale. Antiquitates). Istituto Storico Italiano, Roma 2005 , p. 187
  43. ↑ We are dealing here with the second, slightly changed variant of the story about the Pestis Secunda in Vladimir-Suzdalian Rusia. It provides additional information, including on the spread of the disease
  44. ↑ Бeздeж - Бельджамен (Beljamen), a trading center in the Volga region of the Golden Horde. See: Вaдим Л. Егоров, Историческая география Золотой Орды в XIII—XIV вв., Mocвкa: Hayкa, 1985.
  45. ↑ Симеоновская летопись, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, vol. XVIII, Mocквa: Знак, 2007, p. 102–103.
  46. ↑ Similar information regarding these events, but written in different words, is given by: Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocквa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 182.
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