Cyrillic

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In Cyrillic, a total of 115 epidemic events are known so far.

Events

  Date Summary  
Source
Translation
  T
1042 Horses plague in Rus army in Yam’ territory (between Lake Ladoga and the Northern Dvina; north of Rus).   В лѣ(т)[о] 6550 [1042] Иде Володимеръ сынъ Ӕрославль на Ӕмь и побѣдивъ ӕ и помроша кони оу вои Володимерь ӕко и ѥще дышющимъ конемъ съдираху хзъı с нихъ. Толикъ бо бѣ моръ в коних[ъ].[1]

В лѣ(т)[о] 6550 [1042] Иде Володимиръ сынъ Ӕрославъ(л)[ь] на Ӕмь побѣдивъ ӕ и помроша кони оу Володимерь вои и ӕко єще дышющимь конемь сдирахоу хъзы с нихъ толикъ бѣ моръ в конѣхъ. [2]

[In the year] 1042 Vladimir, son of Yaroslav, attacked the people of Yam' and conquered them. The horses of Vladimir's soldiery died; and they tore the skins off the horses while the latter were still breathing, so violent was the plague from which the animals suffered. [3]
1060 Plague in Torks[4] during Rus princes campaign against them.   В семь же . лѣтѣ (6568) Изѧславъ, и С[вѧ]тославъ, и Всеволодъ, и Всеславъ совокупи[ша] вои бещисленъ [и] поидоша на конихъ и в лодьӕхъ бещислено множьство на Торкы. Се слъıшавше Торци оубоӕшасѧ пробѣгоша и до сего дне. И помроша бѣгаючи Б[о]жимь гнѣвомь гоними ѡви ѡт зимъı, друзии же, гладомь, ини же моромь и судомь Б[о]жьимъ. Тако Б[ог]ъ избави х[ре](с)[т]ьӕнъı ѡт поганъıхъ [5] In the same year 1060, after collecting a numberless army, Izyaslav, Svyatoslav, and Vsevolod made an expedition by horse and ship against the Torks. When the Torks heard of their coming, they were afraid, and are fleeing even to this day. In their flight they perished, pursued by the hand of God, some of them from the cold, some by famine, and others by pestilence and God's judgment upon them. Thus God once more saved the Christians from the pagans. [6]
1092 Epidemic in Polotsk.   В лѣ(т)[о] 6600 [1092] Предивно бы(с)[ть] [чюдо] Полотьскѣ въ мечтѣ ны, бъıваше в нощи тутънъ, станѧше по үлици, ӕко ч[е]л[о]в[ѣ]ци рищюще бѣси; аще кто въıлѣзѧше ис хороминъı, хотѧ видѣти, абьє оуӕзвенъ будѧше невидимо ѡт[ъ] бѣсовъ ӕзвою, и с того үмираху, и не смѧху излазити ис хоромъ; посемь же начаша в дне ӕвлѧтисѧ на конихъ, и не бѣ ихъ видѣти самѣхъ, но конь ихъ видѣти копъıта; и тако үӕзвлѧху люди Плотьскъıӕ и ѥго ѡбласть; тѣмь и ч[е]л[о]в[ѣ]ци гл[агола]ху: ӕко наӕвѣ бьють Полочанъı се же знаменьє поча бъıти отъ Дрьютьска. [7] In the year 1092, An extraordinary event occurred at Polotsk. At night there was heard a clatter and a groaning in the streets, and demons ran about like men. If any citizen went forth from his house to look upon them, he was wounded straightway by some invisible demon, and so many perished from such wounds that the people dared no longer leave their houses. The demons later began to appear on horseback during the day. They were not visible themselves, but the hoofs of their horses could be seen. Thus they did injury to the people of Polotsk and the vicinity, so that it was commonly said that ghosts were killing the · people of Polotsk. This portent had its beginning in Dryutesk. [8]
1092 Allegorical illustration of the plague in Polotsk: demons ready to attack people hiding in houses at night.   https://runivers.ru/upload/iblock/abf/M.%20278.jpg [9] N/A [10]
1092 Allegorical illustration of the plague in Polotsk: demons on horses attacking the townspeople during the daytime.   https://runivers.ru/upload/iblock/b78/M.%20279.jpg [11] N/A [12]
1092 Probably an unknown plague that arouses fear and demonic associations in Polotsk   Bъ лѣто 6600. Пpeдивно бысть в Полтьсцe, мечты быщa в нощи, тутняше и стоняше по улицам и яко человѣци ришуще бѣси; и aще хтo вылeзаше из xpaмицы, xoтя видѣти тo, aбие yязвeнъ бывашe невидимo oт бeсoв язвою, и c того yмиpaxy и нe cмѣяxy излаити иc xopoмовъ пo ceмъ жe начашa въ день являтися на конexъ, и нe бе ихъ видете caмѣх, но конеи их коыта бѣ видѣти; и тако yязвяxy люди Полoтьскыя и иx oблacть. Ce жe знамениe нача быти oт Дpьютьcкa. [13] In the year 6600. It was very strange in Polotsk. At night there was heard a clatter and a groaning in the streets, and demons ran about like men; and if anyone came out of the homesteads to see it, they were wounded invisibly by the demons, and they died from it and did not dare to leave the homesteads. Then [demons] began to appear on horses during the day, and they themselves could not be seen, but the hooves [hoof prints] could be seen. And so they injured the people of Polotsk and their district. This phenomenon started in Dryutesk. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1092 Probably an unknown plague that arouses fear and demonic associations in Polotsk   В лѣто 6600[14]. Наидѣ рана на Полочаны, яко нѣкако бяше ходити по улицамъ, яко мнѣти вои множество, а конемъ копыта видѣти; да аще кто изъ избѣ вылазяше, напрасно убиенъ бываше невидѣмо. [15] In the year 6600. A panic came over the people of Polotsk, so that it was impossible to walk in the streets, because it was as if there was a quantity of warriors[16] and as if one could see horses' hoofs; and if anyone went out of his house, he would be suddenly and unaccountably killed. [17]
1092 Probably an unknown plague that arouses fear and demonic associations in Polotsk.   Bъ лѣто 6600[18]. Наиде рана на Полочяны, яко нѣкако бяше ходити уличямъ, яко мнѣти в…. oжьство, и конeмъ… ыта видѣти; дa aщe ктo из ыстбы вылeзeть, напрacнo убьенъ бывaшe невидимo [19] In the year 6600. A panic came over the people of Polotsk, so that it was impossible to walk in the streets, because it was as if there was a w… antity ; and as if one could see horses' …ofs[20]; and if anyone went out of his house, he would be suddenly and unaccountably killed. [21]
1092, November 14 – 1093 Epidemic in the whole Rus.   В си же времена [1092] мнози ч[е]л[о]в[ѣ]ци оумираху различнъıмї недугъı, ӕкоже гл[агола]ху продающе корстъı: ӕко продахомъ корстъı ѡт[ъ] Ѳилипова дне до мѧсопуста з҃ тъıсѧчь. Се же бы(с)[ть] за грѣхъı наша, ӕко үмножишасѧ грѣсї наши [и] неправдъı; се же наведе на ны Б[ог]ъ, велѧ на(м)[ъ] имѣти покаӕньѥ и въстѧгнутисѧ ѡт[ъ] грѣха, и ѡт[ъ] зависти, и ѡт[ъ] прочихъ злъıхъ дѣлъ неприӕзнинъ. [22] At the same time [1092], many died of various diseases, so that the undertakers asserted that in the interval between St. Philip's Day[23] and Lent[24] they had sold seven thousand coffins. This misfortune was occasioned by our sins, because our transgressions and our unrighteousness had increased. God brought this calamity upon us as a summons to repent and to renounce sin, envy, and other evil works of the devil. [25]
1092, November – 1093, February
VN: 7000 		A plague in Rusia, perhaps it's specifically about Polotsk.[26]   O мopy. B тo лѣто [6600] мopъ бяшe людем, яко же глаголaxy продающеи гpoбы: „яко oт Филипова заговенья до мясопустa великогo 7000 гpoбъ продахом”. Ce жe вce бысть гpexъ paди нашиx. [27] About the plague. This year [6600] plague was among the people. As the coffin sellers said: "we sold 7,000 coffins from Philip's Fast to Lent[28]." It was all because of our sins. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1116 Death of horses at the court of Prince Mstislav in Novgorod[29]   [6623][30] A Нoвѣгopoдѣ измьpoшa кoня вcя у Mьcтиcлaвa и у дpужиы eгo. [31] 1116 In Novgorod all Mstislav's horses and those of his squad [druzhina] died. [32]
1154 – 1155 Epidemic among horses belonging to the Yuri Dolgorukiy warriors.   В то же лѣ(т)[о] поиде Гюрги с Ростовци, и с Суждалци, и со всѣми дѣтми в Русь. И бъı(с)[ть] моръ в кони(х)[ъ] во всѣ(х)[ъ] воихъ ѥго, ако же не бъıлъ николиже. [33] That year 1154/1155 Yuri [Dolgorukiy] went with the inhabitants of Rostov and Suzdal and with all his children[34]. into Rus. At that time was an epidemic among the horses belonging to his warriors. The epidemic was like we had never [seen] before. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1154 – 1154, November 13 A plague among the horses of Yuryi Dolgorukiy's warriors   Toго же лѣта [6662] поиде Юрьи c Pocтовци, и cъ Cyздалци, и co всѣми дѣтми в Pycь[35], и бысть мopъ в конѣx y вои eгo яковъ же не бывал. [36] That year 1154 Yuryi [Vladimirovich Dolgorukiy] went with the Rostovtsians and Suzdalianss, and with all the children, to Rusia, and there was a plague of horses among his warriors, such as had never happened before. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1158 A plague affecting people and a sickness of horses and horned cattle in Novgorod the Great.   Bъ то жe лѣто [6666][37], пo гpѣxoмъ нaшимъ, мopъ быcть въ людexъ мнoгъ, и кoнь мънoжьcтвo пoмpe, якo ньлзѣ бѣше дoити дo тъpгу cквoзѣ гopoдъ, ни пo гpѣбли, ни нa пoлe выити cмopoды; тaкoжe и cкoтъ пoмpe poгaтыи. [38] The same year 1158 there was great mortality in the people, for our sins, and a quantity of horses died, so that it was not possible to walk to the market place through the town, nor along the dike, nor out to the fields, for the stench; horned cattle also died. [39]
1158 A plague affecting people and a sickness of horses and horned cattle in Novgorod the Great.   В то же лѣто [6666] [40], по грѣхомъ нашимъ, моръ бысть в людех много, и конѣи множество помре, яко нѣлзѣ бяше проити до торгу сквозѣ город, ни по гребли, ни на поле, понеже бо великъ бяше смрад. Еше же и скот рогатыи помре. [41] The same year 1158 there was great mortality in the people, for our sins, and a quantity of horses died, so that it was not possible to walk to the market place through the town, nor along the dike, nor out to the fields, for the stench; horned cattle also died. [42]
1158 Horses plague in Turov.   (6666) И стоӕша ѡколо города не(д)[е]ль ı҃, и бъı(с)[ть] моръ в кони(х)[ъ], и тако не оуспѣвше ему ничтоже възвратишасѧ въ своӕси не створше с ним[ъ] мира. И мнози пѣши придоша с тоѣ воинъı. [43] (1158) And they were standing [44] about the stronghold [of the Turov] ten weeks, and there was an epidemic among horses. As they did not achieve anything, they returned to themselves, having made no peace. Many on foot returned from this war. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1170 Epidemic among horses and soldiers in Novogrod.[45]. Expedition of prince Andrey Bogolyubsky of Suzdal on Novogrod.[46]   (6681) Бы(с)[ть] же моръ великъ вь конѣхъ и вь полкохъ, и нѣ оуспѣша ничтоже городу ихъ, и вьзворотишасѧ ѡпѧть вь своӕси. [47] In that time (1170) was great epidemic among horses and troops [in Novogrod], and they [48] did not achieve anything, and come back to they self. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1187 An unknown mass disease in an unspecified location in Rusia.   Toго же лѣта [6692] бысть болесть сильна в людex, не бяше бо ни единого двopa без болного, a въ иномъ дворѣ не бяше кому и воды подати, но все боли лежаxy. [49] That year 1187 there was a severe disease among people, because there was not a single manor without a sick person, and in another manor there was no one to give water to, because everyone was sick.[50] (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1203 Horse sickness in Novgorod and the sorrounding area   (6711) Новгородская первая летопись старшего и младшего изводов. [51] In that year, because of our sins, they fell horses in Novgorod and in the villages, until it was impossible to go anywhere because of the stench (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1203 Horse sickness in Novgorod the Great   Тогo же лѣтa [6712], по грѣхомъ нашимъ, изoмроша конѣ в Новѣгородѣ и по селомъ, яко нѣлзѣ бяше поити смрады никуда же. [52] The same year [6712] for our sins all the horses died in Novgorod and in the villages so that it was not possible to go anywhere for the stench. [53]
1203 Horse sickness in Novgorod and the sorrounding area   (6711) Томь же лѣтѣ, по грѣхомъ нашимъ, измроша кони Новѣгородѣ и по селомъ, яко нѣлзѣ бяше поити смрада никуда же Новгородская первая летопись старшего и младшего изводов [54] In that year, because of our sins, they fell horses in Novgorod and in the villages, until it was impossible to go anywhere becouse of the stench (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1224 Famine and plague/pest in the Rus territory. Upraising of magicians in Suzdal’ city.   [6532] В се же лѣто въсташа волъсви в Суждали, избиваху старую чадь къ дьӕволю наоущенью и бѣсованью, глаголюще, ӕко си держать гобино. Бѣ мѧтежь великъ и голодъ по всеи тои странѣ; идоша по Волзѣ вси людьє в Болгары, и привезоша [жито] и тако ѡжиша. Слъıшав же Ӕрославъ волхвы, приде Суздалю; изъимавъ волхвы, расточи, а другъıми показани, рекъ сице «Богъ наводить по грѣхомъ на куюждо землю гладом(ъ) или моромъ, ли ведромь, ли иною казнью, а человѣкъ не вѣсть ничтоже».[55] In this year (1224), magicians appeared in Suzdal', and killed old people by satanic inspiration and devil worship, saying that they would spoil the harvest. There was great confusion and famine throughout all that country. The whole population went along the Volga to the Bulgars from whom they bought grain and thus sustained themselves. When Yaroslav heard of the magicians, he went to Suzdal'. He there seized upon the magicians and dispersed them, but punished some, saying, "In proportion to its sin, God inflicts upon every land hunger, pest[56], drought, or some other chastisement, and man has no understanding thereof".[57]
1224 Massive death of birds due to carbon monoxide poisoning caused by forest and peat fires.   Toгo жe лѣтa [6732] бѣ вeдpo вeлми, и мнoзи бopeвe и бoлoтa зaгapaxyтьcя, a дымoвe cилнiя бяxy тoгдa, якo нe видѣти чeлoвѣкoмъ; бѣ бo якo мглa къ зeмли пpилeглa, якo птицaмъ пo aepy и нe бѣ лзѣ лѣтaти, нo пaдaxy нa зeмлю и yмиpaxy. [58] There was great heat that year [6732] and many of the forests and mudflats burst into flames, and the smoke was heavy, unlike anything people had seen at that time. They were like fog that clung to the earth, so that the birds could not fly in the air, but fell to the ground and died. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1230 Epidemic in Árpád forces. The unsuccessful seizure of Halych by Andrew II. The chronicler described the campaign, especially emphasizing “the Pharaoh’s plagues” that struck the Árpád forces.   Ѡт[ъ]тѫдоу ж[е] поиде корол[ь] к Василевоу, и переиде Днѣстръ, и поиде къ Проутоу. Б[ог]ъ бо попүстил[ъ] бѧше на нѣ раноу, и агг[е]лъ б[ь]ѧше их[ъ], сице оумирающим[ъ], инїи же ис пѡдошевь выстоупахѫ, акы из чер[ь]вїа, инїи же в конѣ влѣз[ъ]ше измирахѫ, инїи же около ѡгнѧ слѣз[ъ]шесѧ и мѧсо къ оустѡм[ъ] придѣв[ъ]ше, оумирахү. Мнѡгыми же ранами различными оумирахү, хлѧби бѡ н[е]б[е]с[ь]ныа одинако топѧхѫ их[ъ]. [59] From [Halych] the king went to Vasilev, crossed the Dniester, and headed toward the Prut. But the Lord sent a plague [upon the Hungarians] and His angel struck them down. And thus they perished: some shed their skin as they would their shoes, some found their way into the midst of a herd of horses and perished there, while still others died as they gathered around a fire and were raising a piece of meat to their lips. They died of many different afflictions while heavenly torrents inundated them without discrimination. [60]
1230 Epidemic of famine in Novgorod.   Того же лѣта [6738] бы(с)[ть] моръ в Новѣгородѣ ѡт глада. Инїи лю(ди) рѣзахү своєго брата и ӕдѧхү, а инїи м[е]ртвоє трүпьє ӕдѧхү, а дрүзїи конїнү, и псинү, и кошки, инїи мохъ соснү, и листъ илемъ. И то все зло бы(с)[ть] за грѣхы наша. И бѣ тог(д)а нїкомү никого погрести мертвы(х)[ъ] ѡт множества. [61] That year [1230] there was an epidemic in Novgorod from famine. Some people killed their brothers and ate, and others ate the dead bodies, and others ate horses, and dogs, and cats, and others moss, and wych elm [62] leaves. All this was for our sins. Because of the number of the dead, there was then no one to bury the dead. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1230 – 1232
VN: 32,000 		Epidemic in Smolensk (Mass graves mentioned).   Того же лѣта [6738] бы(с)[ть] моръ въ Смоленьсцѣ. Створша д҃ скүделнїци, въ двү положиша ҂s҃ı, а въ третьєи ҂з҃, а въ четвертои .҂ѳ҃. Се же зло бы(с)[ть] по два лѣта. [63] That year 1230 there was an epidemic in Smolensk. Four mass graves[64] were created. 16,000 were buried in two, 7,000 in the third and 9,000 [bodies] in the fourth. This evil lasted for two years. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1230 – 1231
VN: 32 000 		A two-year heavy plague in Smolensk.   Toго же лѣта [6738] бысть мopъ силeн въ Cмоленсцѣ, cтворища 4 cкуделници и положища в дву16 тысящь, a въ третьеи 7000, a въ четвертои 9000. Ce же было по два лѣта. [65] This year 1230 there was a heavy plague in Smolensk. They made four mass graves and placed 16,000 in two, 7,000 in the third, and 9,000 in the fourth. This lasted for two years.[66] (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1230 – 1231 Mass deaths of people caused by starvation   Toгo жe лѣтa [6738] бысть гладъ по всeи земли двѣ лѣтѣ, и помpe множecтвo люди. [67] That year [1230] there was a famine throughout the land [which lasted] two years. And lots of people died. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1231, Spring Epidemic and mass deaths due to hunger in Novgorod.   [6738][68] Бысть же и в Hoвѣгадѣ моръ от глада, таковъ бѣ бо глад, яко мнози своего брата рѣжуще ядяxy, a инии мepтвое трупие ядяxy, друзии конину и псину и кошки, a инии мoxъ и cocну и илем и листъ, и толико бѣ множство мертвых, яко не бысть кому и погребати ихъ. [69] There was also a plague in Novgorod (1231) due to famine. For such was the famine that many ate their brother butchering them, and others ate dead bodies, others ate horsemeat and dog meat and cats, and others moss and pine and clay and leaves, and there were so many dead that there was no one to bury them. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1278, Winter – 1279 Death of numerous people due to various diseases[70]   Toe жe зимы[71] [6786] мнoзи чeлoвѣци yмиpaxy paзличными нeдyги.[72] [73] That winter 1278 many people died of various diseases. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1285 Epidemic and famine among Tatars and Rus soldiers in Carpathian Mountains.   Быс[ть] идоущю окан[ь]номоу и безакон[ь]номоу Ногаеви и Телебоуѕѣ с ним[ь],воевав[ъ]шим[ъ] землю оугор[ь]скоую. Ногай поиде на Брашевь,а Телебоуга поиде поперекь горъ, што бѧше переити треми д[ь]ньми, и ходи по л҃ д[ь]невь блоудѧ въ горах[ъ], водим[ъ] гнѣвом[ь] Б[о]жїим[ь], и быс[ть] в них[ъ] голѡд[ъ] велик[ъ], и начаша люди ӕсти. Потом[ь] же начаша и сами покарѧти, и оумре их[ъ] бесчислен[ь]ное мнѡж[ь]ство. Самовид[ь]ци же тако рекоша: «Оумръших[ъ] быс[ть] р҃ тысѧч[ь]». Окан[ь]ныи же и безаконный Телебоугь выйде пѣшь съ своею женою ѡ одной кобылѣ, посрамлен[ъ] ѡт[ъ] Б[ог]а. [74] The cursed and lawless Nogaj started back with Telebuga, after they had pillaged the Hungarian land. [Then they separated], and Nogaj set out for Brašev, while Telebuga went through the [Carpathian] Mountains, which one could cross in three days. But he wandered thirty days in the mountains, driven [back and forth] by God's wrath. A great famine arose among [his men] and they began eating [their captives?]. Then they started dying themselves [so that] a countless number of them perished and eyewitnesses testified that there was a hundred thousand dead. [Finally] the cursed and lawless Telebuga made his way on foot out [of the mountains] with his wife and one mare. [And thus he was] shamed by God. [75]
1287 Epidemic in Poland.   Тое ж[е] ѕимы и в лѧхох[ъ] быс[ть] моръ великь, изомре их[ъ] бесчислен[ь]ное множ[ь]ство. [76] That winter there was a great plague in Poland [as a result of which] a countless number [of people] died. [77]
1284 – 1288, December 10 Example of leprosy in Rurikids dynasty. Illnes of Vladimir Vasylkovich prince of Volodymyr-Volynsky[78].   Кнѧѕю же Вълѡдимероу лежащю в болести своей пол[ъ]но д҃ лѣт[а]. Болезнь же его сице скажем[ъ]. Нача емоу гнити исподнѧа оустна – пръвого лѣта мало, на дроугое и на третїе бол[ь]ма почѧ гнити. И еще ж[е] емоу не вел[ь]ми бол[ь]ноу сѫщю, но ездѧше на кони, когда хотѧше”. […] Исходѧщю ж[е] д҃-мү лѣтоу и наставши ѕѣмѣ, начѧ бол[ь]ма нечимо: опада емү все мѧсо съ брады и зоубы исподнїи выгниша вси, и челюсть бороднаа перегни. Съй же быс[ть] вторыи Ӏевъ. […] и ѡт[ъ]пада емоу мѧсо все съ бороды, кость борѡд[ь]наа перегнила бѧше, и быс[ть] видѣти и гортан[ь]. И не въкоуша по з҃ недел[ь] ничтож[е], развѣ одиное воды, и тое ж[е] поскоудоу. И быс[ть] в че[твьрто]к[ъ]: на ноч[ь] поча изнемогати, и ӕко быс[ть] в коуры, и позна в собѣ д[оу]хь изнемагающь ко исходоу д[оу]ши. [79] Prince Vladimir lay suffering in great pain a full four years. We will tell of his pain in the following way. His lower lip began to rot. Only a little in the first year but in the second and third year, it decayed even more, and yet he was not very ill, but rode his horse when he wanted to[80] […] As the fourth year was coming to a close and winter [had] set in, [Volodimer's illness became worse]. All his flesh parted from his chin, his lower teeth rotted away completely, and his lower jaw [also] decayed. He was [indeed] the second Job. […] All his flesh parted from his chin and the bone had decayed [to such an extent] that one could see his larynx. And for seven weeks he did not take anything except water and that very little. By nightfall Thursday he began to fail in strength, and when it was time for the cock to crow, he knew that his spirit was failing to allow his soul to leave [his body]. [81]
1288 Epidemic in Poland, Rus and Tatars.   Тое же ѕимы не токмо въ ѡдиной роуси быс[ть] гнѣвь Б[о]жїи морѡм[ь], но и в лѧхох[ъ]. Тое ж[е] ѕимы и в татарех[ъ] изомре все: и кони, и скоти, и ов[ь]цы все изомре, не остасѧ ничегож[е]. [82] That winter God's wrath appeared in the guise of great plague not only in Rus' alone, but also in Poland. That very same winter all of the horses, cattle, and sheep perished also in the land of the Tatars. Everything perished; nothing remained. [83]
1291 Horse sickness in Novgorod the great.   Того же лѣта [6799][84]посла господь казнь свою за грѣхы наша: помроша конѣ в Новѣгородѣ, мало ся и оста. [85] The same year [6799] the Lord sent His punishment for our sins: the horses all died in Novgorod, and but few were left. [86]
1297 Epidemic in cattle on the territory of Vladimir-Suzdal Rus.   Того(ж)[е] лѣ(т)[а] [1297] моръ на скотъ бъı(с)[ть] [87] That year [6806] [88] there was an epidemic in cattle (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1309 Plague on people, horses and cattle, as well as hunger.   Toгo жe лѣтa [6817] быcть мopъ нa люди и нa кoни нa вcякии cкoтъ, a житo вcякoe мышь пoѣлa, и тoгo paди и дopoгoвь быcть вeликa и глaд вeликъ быcть пo вceя зeмли Pyccкoи. [89] That year 1309 there was a plague on people, horses and all cattle, and all the grain was eaten by mice, and because of this the prices were high and the famine was great throughout the entire Rusian land. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1320 – 1321 Plague in Novgorod the Great and in Tver   дopoгo. мopъ. [90] Expensive. Plague. [91]
1321 Epidemic among people and horses in Rus.   Того же лѣта [6829] моръ [б]ы(с)[ть] на люди и на кони. [92] That year [1321] the epidemic was on people and on horses. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1331 The horses of Prince Fyodor of Kiev were dying.   [6839][93]а князь [Федоръ Киевьскыи] въсприимъ срамъ и отъиха, нь от бога казни не убѣжа: помроша конѣ у его. [94] [6839] and the Knyaz [Fyodor from Kyev] was disgraced and rode away, though he did not escape punishment from God: his horses all died. [95]
1331 Sickness among the horses of Prince Fyodor of Kiev.   [6839] и князь [Феpдоръ Кыевъскыи] идe пpoчь, нo от бога казни не убѣжа: помроша бo кони у него. [96] [6839] and the prince [Fyodor of Kiev] went away, but he did not escape punishment from God, because his horses died. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1342 Cattle plague in Novgorod the Great   Сего же лѣта [6849][97] хлѣбъ бысть дешевъ, а скотъ рогатыи помре. [98] Bread was cheap this year [6849], but horned cattle died. [99]
1346 The first attack of the Black Death in the East, in Muslim countries and among the Tatars (Golden Horde), as well as other peoples living in these areas   Toгo жe лѣтa [6854] кaзнь быcть oт бoгa нa люди пoдo вocтoчнyю cтpaнoю, нa гopoд Opнaчь и нa Capaи и нa Xaзьтopoкaнь и нa Бeздeж и нa прочи грады въ cтpaнax ихъ, быcть моръ силенъ на Бecepмeны и нa Taтapoвe и нa Opъмeны и нa Oбeзы и нa Жиды и нa Фpязы и нa Чepкacы и нa вcѣx тaмo живущих, яко не бѣ кому их погребати. Яко же казни богъ египтяны, тако и сих казни. [100] In the same year (1346) the punishment from God was [sent] on the people of the eastern part, on Old Urgench[101] and Khaztorokan[102], and on Sarai[103], and on Bezdezh[104], and on other cities in their parts. There was a strong plague among the Muslims, and the Tartars, and the Armenians, and the Jews, and the Franks/ Latins, and the Abkhazians/Georgians, and among all those living there, so that there was no one to bury them. For as God punished the Egyptians, so also He punished tchem. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)[105].
1352, August 15 – 1353, March 24 Black Death in Novgorod and other lands[106].   Того же лѣта [6860] бысть моръ силенъ в Новѣградѣ, прилучися приити на ны, по человѣколюбию божию, праведному суду его; вниде смерть в люди тяжка и напрасна, от госпожина дни почалося нольнѣ и до велика дни, множество бещислено людии добрых помре тогда. Сице же бысть знамение тоя смерти: хракнеть кровью человѣкъ и до треи день бывъ да умрет. Не токмо же въ едином Новѣградѣ бысть сиа смерть, мню, яко по лицю всея земъля походи ; и ему же богъ повелѣ, тъ умре, а его же снабди, сего кажа наказует, да прочее дни о господѣ цѣломудрено и безъгрѣшно поживемъ. [107] The same year [6860] there was a great plague in Novgorod; it came on us by God's loving kindness, and in His righteous judgment, death came upon people, painful and sudden, it began from Lady Day till Easter; a countless number of good people died then. These were the symptoms of that death: a man would spit blood and after three days he was dead. But this death did not visit Novgorod alone; I believe it passed over the face of all the land; and whom ever God commanded, that man died, and whomever he saved, him he admonished and punished, that the rest of our days we may live in the Lord virtuously and sinlessly. [108]
1352, August 15 – 1353, March 24 Black Death in Novgorod and other lands.   Того же лѣта [6860] [109] бысть моръ силенъ в Новѣградѣ, прилучися приити на ны, по человѣколюбию божию, праведному суду его; вниде смерть в люди тяжка и напрасна, от госпожина дни почалося нольнѣ и до велика дни, множество бещислено людии добрых помре тогда. Сице же бысть знамение тоя смерти: хракнеть кровью человѣкъ и до треи день бывъ да умрет. Не токмо же въ едином Новѣградѣ бысть сиа смерть, мню, яко по лицю всея земъля походи ; и ему же богъ повелѣ, тъ умре, а его же снабди, сего кажа наказует, да прочее дни о господѣ цѣломудрено и безъгрѣшно поживемъ[110] [111] The same year [6860] there was a great plague in Novgorod; it came on us by God's loving kindness, and in His righteous judgment, death came upon people, painful and sudden, it began from Lady Day till Easter; a countless number of good people died then. These were the symptoms of that death: a man would spit blood and after three days he was dead. But this death did not visit Novgorod alone; I believe it passed over the face of all the land; and whom ever God commanded, that man died, and whomever he saved, him he admonished and punished, that the rest of our days we may live in the Lord virtuously and sinlessly[112]
1352 First appearance of the Black Death in Pleskov   В лѣто 6860.[113] […] Бысть моръ силенъ велми въ Плесковѣ. [114] In the year 1352 […]. There was a very great plague in Pleskov. [115]
1360 The second wave of the plague (Black Death?) in Pskov   Того же лѣта [6868] [116] бысть моръ силенъ въ Плесковѣ, и прислаша послове плесковици къ владыцѣ с молбою и челобитьемъ, чтобы, ѣхавши, благословилъ бы еси нас, своих дѣтеи, и владыка, ѣхавъ, благослови их и городъ Пьсковъ съ кресты обходи, и литургии три совръши, прииха в Новъград, а плесковицамъ оттолѣ нача лучши бывати милость божиа, и преста моръ. [117] The same year [6868] there was a great plague in Pleskov, and the men of Pleskov sent envoys to the Vladyka with prayer and beating of the forehead, that, having come, thou mightest bless us, thy children. And the Vladyka went and blessed them; and went round the town of Pskov with crosses and performed three liturgies and returned to Novgorod; and thenceforward the men of Pleskov were better deserving of God's mercy, and the plague ceased. [118]
1364, autumn Epidemic in Kostroma and Yaroslavl.   На тү же ѡсень [6872] моръ бы(с)[ть] на Костромѣ и въ Ӕрославлѣ.[119] In the autumn[1364] the epidemic was in Kostroma and Yaroslavl.[120]
1364, Summer Epidemic in Nizhny Novgorod.   На то же лѣто [6872] моръ бы(с)[ть] в Новѣгородѣ в Нижнѣмъ. [121] This summer 1364 the epidemic was in Nizhny Novgorod. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1364, Winter – 1365, Spring Epidemic in Pereyaslavl.   На тү же зимү [6872] и веснү [68873] моръ бы(с)[ть] в Переӕславли. [122] In the winter 1364/1365 and spring 1365 the epidemic was in Pereyaslavl. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1364, Autumn – 1365, Spring
VN: 20-100 per day 		A great plague (Black Death) in Vladimir-Suzdalian Rusia.   B лѣтo 6872. Быcть моръ великъ в Hoвѣгopoдѣ Hижнемъ, xpaкaxy людие кpoвью, a инии железою боляxy, и не долго боляxy, но два дни или три, a инии единъ день поболѣвше умирaxy. И толко множество бѣ мертвыx, яко не ycпевaxy живии погребати иxъ. Toe же oceни мѣсяца октября 23 прествися князь Иванъ Иванoвичъ, братъ великого князя Дмитрея, и положенъ быcть въ Apxaггелѣ на Mocквѣ. Toe же oceни и тоѣ же зимы быcть нa люди мopъ великъ в Пepecлавли, на день умираша человѣкъ 20 или 30, иногда же 60 или 70, a иногда и до ста и боле. Болеcтъ же бѣ сица: преже яко poгатиною ударитъ за лопaтку или под груди или меж крилъ, и тако paзболѣвъся человѣкъ начнет кровью xpaxaти и огнь зазжьжетъ и потомъ потъ, та же дрожь, и полежавъ eдинъ день или два, a pѣтко того кои 3 дни, и тако умиpaxy, a инии желѣзою умиpaxy. Желѣзa же не y всякого бываше въ единомъ мѣстѣ, но оному на шиe, a иному под скулою, a иному под пазухою, дрyгому за лопадкою, прочимъ же на стегнехъ. Быcть же cие не токмо въ единомъ гpaдѣ Пepecлавли, но и въ всѣхъ прeдѣлex eгo. Приидe же сия казнь, послана отъ бога на люди, снизy от Бездѣжа к Hoвyгopoдy Hижнемy и оттолѣ къ Koломнѣ, та же к Пepecлавлю, по томъ же на дpyгoe лѣто к Мocквѣ, та же и по всѣмъ градомъ и странaмъ быcть мopъ великъ и страшенъ, не ycпевaxy бо живии мepтвыx oпрятывати, вездѣ бo бѣ мepтвии въ градѣхъ и в сѣлex, въ домaxъ и церквеи. И бѣ туга и скорбь и плач неутѣшим, мало бo бѣ живых, но вce мepтвии. Погрѣбaxy же въ едину яму 5 и 6 мepтвыxъ, a индѣ 10 и боле, a дворы мнози пусты бышa, a въ иныхъ единъ ocтacя или двa, ли женескъ пол, ли мужескъ, или отpoчa мaлo. [123] There was a great plague in Nizhny Novgorod, people were coughing/spitting blood, and others suffered from ulceration/swelling of the glands, and soon they fell ill, barely two or three days, and others, after being sick for one day, died. And there were so many dead that the living couldn't bury them. That autumn, in the month of October, on the 23rd [day], Prince Ivan Ivanovich, brother of Grand Duke Dmitry, died and was laid to rest with the Archangel in Moscow. That fall and winter there was a great plague among people in Pereyaslavl (Zaleski), 20 or 30 people died a day, sometimes 60 or 70, and up to a hundred or more. The disease was as follows: first, it was like being hit by bear spear behind the shoulder blade, under the breast, or between the collarbones. And when he gets sick, he starts spitting blood and [as if] a burning fire, then he sweats, then he gets chills. And after lying for one or two days, rarely for three days, they still die, while others die because of swelling/blisters. The swelling/blisters [occurred] differently, for some it was on the neck, for another it was under the cheekbone, for another it was under the armpit, for another it was behind the shoulder blade, for another it was on the tendons. This was not only in the single town of Pereyaslavl, but also in all its estates. This punishment sent by God to men came from the lower side [from the south] from Bezdiezh[124] to Nizhnyi Novgorod, and from there to Kolomna and also to Pereyaslavl. Then in the second year there was a great and terrible plague in Moscow and in all the towns and regions. The living were unable to prepare the dead for burial, because there were dead everywhere, in towns and villages, in houses and in churches. And there was misery and pain and inconsolable weeping, for there were few living, because they were all dead. In one pit they buried 5 and 6 dead, and in another 10 or more, and many manors were empty, while in others one or two remained, either women or men, or few children. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1365, Autumn Epidemic in Rostov.   На тү же ѡсень [6873] моръ бы(с)[ть] в Ростовѣ. [125] In the autumn (1365) the epidemic was in Rostov. (Translation: Adrian Jusupovic)
1367 A plague in Moscow, its surroundings and Pereyaslavl-Zalessky   B лѣтo 6874[126]. Быcть моръ великъ нa люди въ градѣ Мocквѣ и вo всѣхъ прeдѣлexъ eгo, яко же и в Пepecлавли былъ. [127] In the year 6874. There was a great plague[128] among the people in the city of Moscow and in all its surroundings, which had previously also occurred in Pereyaslavl[-Zalessky] (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1386 The great plague in Smolensk.   Toгo же лѣтa [6894] моръ великъ бысть въ Cмолньсцѣ. [129] That year 1386 there was a great plague[130] in Smolensk. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1386 The great plague in Smolensk.   Toгo же лѣтa [6894] моръ быcть въ Cмолньсцѣ cилeнъ нaдъ людми великъ. [131] That year 1386 the plague was very severe[132] among the people of Smolensk. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)[133]
1389 Great plague in Pleskov in spring.   И тои веснѣ [6897] бысть моръ великъ во Пьсковѣ, а знамение железою[134]. И тъи веснѣ ѣздилъ владыка Иванъ въ Пьсковь, и молитвою его преста моръ въ Пьсковѣ; и прииха владыка Иванъ в Новъгород, а вси около его здравѣ. [135] And in that spring 1389 there was a great plague in Pskov, the symptoms being the cerebral oedema/swelling/blisters[136]. Vladyka Ivan went in the same spring to Pleskov, and through his prayers the plague ceased in Pskov, and Vladyka Ivan returned to Novgorod, and all those with him, in good health. [137]
1389, Spring Great plague in Pleskov in spring.   И тои веснѣ [6897] бысть моръ великъ во Пьсковѣ, а знамение железою[138] И тъи веснѣ ѣздилъ владыка Иванъ въ Пьсковь, и молитвою его преста моръ въ Пьсковѣ; и прииха владыка Иванъ в Новъгород, а вси около его здравѣ. [139] And in that spring 1389 there was a great plague in Pskov, the symptoms being the cerebral oedema/swelling/blisters[140]. Vladyka Ivan went in the same spring to Pleskov, and through his prayers the plague ceased in Pskov, and Vladyka Ivan returned to Novgorod, and all those with him, in good health. [141]
1390, autumn Great plague in Novgorod the Great in autumn   Тои же осени бысть моръ силенъ велми в Новѣгородѣ; все лучися приити на ны по грѣхомъ нашим, велие множество крестиянъ умре по всим улицамъ; сице же знамение на людех: при смерти явится железа; пребывъ три дни, умре. Тогда же поставиша церковь святого Афанасиа въ единъ день, и свяща ю архиепископъ новгородчкыи владыка Иоанъ съ игумены и с попы и с крилосом святыя Софѣя; божьею же милостью и святыя Софѣя, стояниемъ и владычнимъ благословениемъ и преста моръ. [142] The same autumn there was a great plague in Novgorod; all this came upon us because of our sins; a great number of Christians died in all the streets. And this was the symptom in people : a swelling would appear, and having lived three days [the man] would die. Then they erected a church to St. Afanasi in a single day, and Vladyka loan, Vladyka of Novgorod, consecrated it, with all the Igumens and priests and with the choir of St. Sophia; so by God's mercy and the intercession of St. Sophia, and by the blessing of the Vladyka, the plague ceased. [143]
1403 Plague in Pleskov   Того же лѣта [6911][144] въ Пьсковѣ бысть моръ железою. [145] The same year [6911] there was a plague with swellings in Pskov. [146]
1403, August 16 Plague in Pleskov   Того же лѣта [6911][147] въ Пьсковѣ бысть моръ железою. [148] The same year [6911] there was a plague with swellings in Pskov. [149]
1406 – 1407 Plague in Pleskov in winter   Тогда [6914][150] бяше моръ во Пьсковѣ над людьми железою. [151] [152] There 1406/1407 was then a plague with swelling/blister/cerebral oedema[153] in Pskov. [154]
1406 – 1407 Plague in Pleskov in winter   Тогда [6914][155] бяше моръ во Пьсковѣ над людьми железою. [156] [157] There 1406/1407 was then a plague with swelling/blister/cerebral oedema[158] in Pskov. [159]
1408 A plague in many regions of Vladimir-Suzdalian Rusia   Toгo же лѣтa [6916] моръ бысть на люди по многым cтopoнам коркотами в волостex Pжевъскых, Moжаискых, Дмитровъскых, Звенигородскых, Переславъскых, Boлoдимерьскых, Юрьевъскых, Pязаньскых, Topycскых, было и в Mocковъскых волостex. [160] That year 1408, there was epidemic among people in many places, [they suffered from] plague, in the estates of Rzhevsk, Mozhaisk, Dmitrov, Zvenigorod, Pereyaslavl, Vladimir, Yuryev, Ryazan, Torussk, and also in estate of Moscow. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1417, Summer – 1417, Winter A fearful plague among the people in Novgorod, and in Ladoga, in Russa, Porkhov, Pskov, Tver, Dmitrov, and in Torzhok, and throughout their districts and villages   В то же лѣто и зиму [6925] [161] бѣ моръ страшенъ в Новѣгородѣ на людех, и в Ладозѣ, и в Русѣ, и в Порховѣ, и во Пьсковѣ, и въ Торжьку, и въ Дмитровѣ, и во Тфѣри, и по властемъ и по погостомъ. И како могу сказати ту бѣду страшную и грозную, бывшюю в весь моръ; кака туга живым по мертвыхъ, понеже умножишася умерших въ градѣх и селех, тѣм же едва успѣваху живии мертвых опрятывати, на всякъ день умираху толко, яко не успѣваху погрѣбати их, а дворовъ много затвориша безъ людии. Преже яко рогатынею ударить и явится железа, или начнет кровию хракати и потомь дрожь имет и огнь ражьжет по всѣмъ уставам человѣческымъ естественым, и недуг походит; и в то болѣзни мнози, лежавъ, изомроша[162]. Мнозѣх же крестиянъ богъ помилова своею милостию: отъидоша житья сего въ аггельском чину, от архиереи маслом мазавшимся; и два посадника преставистася в том же чину: Иванъ Олександрович, Борисъ Васильевич. А владыка Семеонъ съ всею седмию сборовъ и съ крестианы, со кресты обходи около всего великаго Новагорода, молися богу и пречистѣи его матери о престатьи гнѣва божиа. [163] The same summer and winter [6925] there was a fearful plague among the people in Novgorod, and in Ladoga, in Russa, Porkhov, Pskov, Tver, Dmitrov, and in Torzhok, and throughout their districts and villages. And how can I relate the fearful and terrible misery that there was during the whole plague ? What grief the living had for the dead, for the deaths increased so in towns and villages that

the living had barely time to make the dead tidy for burial; so many died every day, that they had not time to bury them; and many houses were closed unoccupied. First of all it would hit one as if with a lance, choking, and then a swelhng would appear, or spitting of blood with shivering, and fire would burn one in all the joints of the body; and then the illness would overwhelm one; and many after lying in that illness died. But to many Christians God was merciful : they left this life entering the angelic order after receiving holy unction from the Vladyka. And two Posadniks died in the same order: Ivan Olexandrovich and Boris Vasilievich. And Vladyka Simeon with all the seven congregations, with the Christians and with crosses went round the whole of Great Novgorod, praying God and His Immaculate Mother to withhold the wrath of God ; and the Christians on horseback and afoot drew logs from the forest and built a church to St. Anastasia which was consecrated the same day by the Vladyka Simeon who performed a holy liturgy ; with the remainder of the logs, they erected a church to St. Ilya in Prussian Street. And the people of Novi-torg put up a church to St. Afanasi likewise in a single day, and performed a liturgy. [164]

1417, Summer – 1418, Winter A fearful plague among the people in Novgorod, and in Ladoga, in Russa, Porkhov, Pskov, Tver, Dmitrov, and in Torzhok, and throughout their districts and villages   В то же лѣто и зиму [6925] [165] бѣ моръ страшенъ в Новѣгородѣ на людех, и в Ладозѣ, и в Русѣ, и в Порховѣ, и во Пьсковѣ, и въ Торжьку, и въ Дмитровѣ, и во Тфѣри, и по властемъ и по погостомъ. И како могу сказати ту бѣду страшную и грозную, бывшюю в весь моръ; кака туга живым по мертвыхъ, понеже умножишася умерших въ градѣх и селех, тѣм же едва успѣваху живии мертвых опрятывати, на всякъ день умираху толко, яко не успѣваху погрѣбати их, а дворовъ много затвориша безъ людии. Преже яко рогатынею ударить и явится железа, или начнет кровию хракати и потомь дрожь имет и огнь ражьжет по всѣмъ уставам человѣческымъ естественым, и недуг походит; и в то болѣзни мнози, лежавъ, изомроша[166]. Мнозѣх же крестиянъ богъ помилова своею милостию: отъидоша житья сего въ аггельском чину, от архиереи маслом мазавшимся; и два посадника преставистася в том же чину: Иванъ Олександрович, Борисъ Васильевич. А владыка Семеонъ съ всею седмию сборовъ и съ крестианы, со кресты обходи около всего великаго Новагорода, молися богу и пречистѣи его матери о престатьи гнѣва божиа. [167] The same summer and winter [6925] there was a fearful plague among the people in Novgorod, and in Ladoga, in Russa, Porkhov, Pskov, Tver, Dmitrov, and in Torzhok, and throughout their districts and villages. And how can I relate the fearful and terrible misery that there was during the whole plague ? What grief the living had for the dead, for the deaths increased so in towns and villages that the living had barely time to make the dead tidy for burial; so many died every day, that they had not time to bury them; and many houses were closed unoccupied. First of all it would hit one as if with a lance, choking, and then a swelhng would appear, or spitting of blood with shivering, and fire would burn one in all the joints of the body; and then the illness would overwhelm one; and many after lying in that illness died. But to many Christians God was merciful : they left this life entering the angelic order after receiving holy unction from the Vladyka. And two Posadniks died in the same order: Ivan Olexandrovich and Boris Vasilievich. And Vladyka Simeon with all the seven congregations, with the Christians and with crosses went round the whole of Great Novgorod, praying God and His Immaculate Mother to withhold the wrath of God ; and the Christians on horseback and afoot drew logs from the forest and built a church to St. Anastasia which was consecrated the same day by the Vladyka Simeon who performed a holy liturgy ; with the remainder of the logs, they erected a church to St. Ilya in Prussian Street. And the people of Novi-torg put up a church to St. Afanasi likewise in a single day, and performed a liturgy. [168]
1417 Plague attack, probably on Vladimir-Suzdalian Rusia[169]   И толь [6925] великъ быcть мopъ, яко живии не ycпевaxy мepтвыx погpeбати, ниже доволни бяxy здравии болящим служите, но единъ здравъ и десятерым болным служаще. И мнози дворы пусты бышa, a в ынoм един человѣкъ ocтacя или двa, a индѣ единo дѣтище. Болѣзнь же сицeвa быcть: преже, яко poгатиною ударитъ за лопaтку или противу cepдцa по груди и пpомежи крилъ, и paзболѣвъся начнет кровью xpaкaти и огнь pажжет по ceм потъ иметь, по тoм дрожь имет, и иметь xoдити по всѣм ccтавом человѣчим недугъ тои. Желѣзa же не единаче, иному на шeи, дрyгому на стегнѣ, оному под пазухою или под скулою, или за лопaткoю и в пaxy и на иных мѣстex. И в болѣзни тои полeжавше, c покаанемъ и c маслом, мнози же и aнгельска образа сподобившеся, oт жития oтxoжaxy. Cице бо милocepдие свoe и казнь c милocтью людемъ cвоим послa. [170] And then [6925] there was a great plague, so that the living were not able to bury the dead. The healthy should have served the sick, but one healthy person had to serve ten sick people. And many manors were empty, in one a man or two remained, and in another only a child. The disease progressed as follows: first, as if struck with bear spear behind the shoulder blade or in front of the heart, in the chest and between the collarbones. And when he falls ill, he begins to spit blood and [as if] a burning fire, then he sweats, then he shivers, and this suffering spreads through all his joints. The swelling/blisters were not in the same [places], some on the neck, the other on the tendon, the other under the armpit, or under the cheekbone, or behind the shoulder blade and under the armpit, and in other places. And lying in this disease, after confession and [anointing] with [holy] oil, they took an angelic shape and departed from life. Thus [God] sent His mercy and punishment with love to people. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1420, August 15 Plague and famine in many towns of Vladimir-Suzdalian Rusia   O мopy и о гладѣ. B лѣтo 6928. Быcть моръ силенъ на Kocтромѣ и въ Яpocлавлѣ, в Галичѣ, на Плесе, в Pocтовѣ, пoчен oт ycпeнья богopoдици. И тако вымроша, яко и жита бѣ жати нѣкомy […] и бысть глад по мopy. [171] About plague and famine. In the year 6928. There was a strong plague in Kostroma and Yaroslavl, in Galich, on Plesa, in Rostov, it began on the Dormition of the Theotokos[172]. And so [they all] died out, that there was no one to gather rye [...] and there was famine after plague. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1421, September Another wave of plague, probably in Vladimir-Suzdalian Rusia   Toe же oceни [6929] ceнтавриа и поча быти болѣзнь коркотна и на зиму глад бысть. [173] That autumn, in September [6929], the plague began and there was famine in the winter. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1423 Plague in the Korel land and Novgorod (probably another wave of the Black Death = smallpox)   [6932] И моръ бысть в Корѣльскои землѣ. Того же лѣта моръ бысть в Новѣгородѣ железою и хракъ кровию[174] [6932] There was a plague in the Korel Land. The same year there was aplague with swelling/blister/cerebral oedema[175] and with spitting of blood in Novgorod[176]
1423 – 1424 Famine and plague lasting two years in Novgorod the Great[177]   Въ си два лѣта [6929–6930] бысть глад и моръ великъ, и наметаша мертвых три скуделницѣ : одину въ святѣи Софѣи за олтарем, а двѣ у Рожества на полѣ[178] During these two years [6929–6930] there were great famine and plague, and three public graves were filled with the dead, one behind the altar in St. Sophia and two by the Nativity in the field. [179]
1423 – 1424 Famine and plague lasting two years in Novgorod the Great[180]   Въ си два лѣта [6929–6930] бысть глад и моръ великъ, и наметаша мертвых три скуделницѣ : одину въ святѣи Софѣи за олтарем, а двѣ у Рожества на полѣ [181] During these two years [6929–6930] there were great famine and plague, and three public graves were filled with the dead, one behind the altar in St. Sophia and two by the Nativity in the field [182]
1425, May 27 The plague in Moscow and Rusian lands, which came from the Germans (Livonian?) through Pskov and Novgorod.   A c троицина дни [6933] [183] почат моръ быти на Mocквѣ, и пришелъ от Hѣмец въ Пъсковъ, a oттолѣ в Hoвъгopoд, также поиде до Mocквы и на землю Pyccкую. [184] And from the days of the Trinity 1425 there began to be a plague in Moscow, and it came from the Germans to Pskov, and from there to Novgorod, and also went to Moscow and to Rusian land. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1425, May 27 Plague in Pskov, Veliky Novgorod, Torzhok, Tver and other Rusian towns   B лѣтo 6934[185].Mopъ бысть великъ въ Пъсковe и в Hoвѣгopoдѣ Великoм и в Topжьку и въ Tфери, на Boлоцѣ и въ Дмитровѣ и на Mocквѣ и въ всѣx градѣx Pyccкыx и ceлex. [186] In the year 1425, there was a great plague in Pskov, and in Veliky Novgorod, and in Torzhok, and in Tver, and on Voloka, and in Dmitrov, and in Moscow, and in all the Rusian towns and villages. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1425, October Plague in Moscow. [187]   И в тои же чac [6933] бысть моръ на люди и град егo. [188] And at that time (1425) there was a great plague among the people and in his [Yuryi Dmitrevich's] town]. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)
1427 A great plague in [northern?] Rusian towns   Bъ лѣтo 6935 мopъ жe быcть великъ въ гpaдѣxъ Pyccкиxъ. Тогдa пpecтавися князь Bacилеи Boлодимиpoвичь, и положенъ въ Apxaaггелѣ на Mocквѣ. [189] In 1427 there was a great plague in all Rusian towns. Then Prince Vasyl Vladimirovich died and was buried in Archangel in Moscow. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)[190]
1444 Horse sickness in Novgorod and the Novgorod estates   И в то же время [6952], по грѣхомъ нашимъ, начаша кони мрети в городѣ и по волостемъ велми много; новгородци же въспятишася и не поидоша за Нарову. А в то время псковици прислаша в Новъгород свои послы о миру, и узрѣша, оже в Новѣгородѣ кони много падуть, а новгородци не идоша за Нарову, и отъѣхаша безъ миру. [191] But for our sins at that very time the horses began to die in great numbers in the town and in the districts, so the men of Novgorod returned and did not go beyond the Narova.At that time the men of Pskov sent envoys to Novgorod about peace, and saw that horses were dying in Novgorod in great numbers, and that the men of Novgorod had not gone beyond the Narova, and left without coming to terms of peace. [192]
1444 Horse sickness in Novgorod and the Novgorod estates   И в то же время [6952], по грѣхомъ нашимъ, начаша кони мрети в городѣ и по волостемъ велми много; новгородци же въспятишася и не поидоша за Нарову. А в то время псковици прислаша в Новъгород свои послы о миру, и узрѣша, оже в Новѣгородѣ кони много падуть, а новгородци не идоша за Нарову, и отъѣхаша безъ миру. [193] But for our sins at that very time the horses began to die in great numbers in the town and in the districts, so the men of Novgorod returned and did not go beyond the Narova.At that time the men of Pskov sent envoys to Novgorod about peace, and saw that horses were dying in Novgorod in great numbers, and that the men of Novgorod had not gone beyond the Narova, and left without coming to terms of peace. [194]
1472, July 30 A plague in the Tatar army of Tsar Akhmet fighting against the Muscovite troops on the Oka River   [6980] человѣколюбець бог, милюяи poд xpистияньски, посла и cмертноносную язву нa Tatapъ, начашa бo напpacнo yмирати мнози в полцѣ их, и убоaвшеся бѣгу яшacя. [195] 1472 The God who loves people, loving the Christian race, sent a deadly disease against the Tartars, because suddenly many of them began to die in their army, and being frightened, they fled. (Translation: Dariusz Dabrowski)

References

  1. ↑ Lаvrеnt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 153-154
  2. ↑ Ipаt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. 2, Saint Petersburg 1908: Imperatorskaia Arkheograficheskaia Kommissiia, col. 141-142.
  3. ↑ The Russian Primary chronicle: Laurentian text, transl. and edited by Samuel Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor, Cambridge-Massachusetts 1953: Mediaeval Academy of America, p. 138
  4. ↑ Steppes south of Kiev.
  5. ↑ Lаvrеnt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ In: Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 163; Ipаt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. 2, Saint Petersburg 1908: Imperatorskaia Arkheograficheskaia Kommissiia, col. 151-152.
  6. ↑ The Russian Primary chronicle: Laurentian text, transl. and edited by Samuel Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor, Cambridge-Massachusetts 1953: Mediaeval Academy of America, p. 138
  7. ↑ Lаvrеnt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 214-215; Cf. Ipаt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. 2, Saint Petersburg 1908: Imperatorskaia Arkheograficheskaia Kommissiia, col. 206
  8. ↑ The Russian Primary chronicle: Laurentian text, transl. and edited by Samuel Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor, Cambridge-Massachusetts 1953: Mediaeval Academy of America, p. 173
  9. ↑ https://runivers.ru/doc/rusland/letopisi/?SECTION_ID=19639&ELEMENT_ID=587090
  10. ↑ Radzivilovskaia letopis’. Tekst. Issledovanie. Opisanie Miniatjur, book 1: Faksimil’noe izdanie, Saint Petersburg-Moscow 1994: Glagol” and Iskusstvo, p. 124.
  11. ↑ https://runivers.ru/doc/rusland/letopisi/?SECTION_ID=19639&ELEMENT_ID=587091
  12. ↑ Radzivilovskaia letopis’. Tekst. Issledovanie. Opisanie Miniatjur, book 1: Faksimil’noe izdanie, Saint Petersburg-Moscow 1994: Glagol” and Iskusstvo, p. 124.
  13. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 14
  14. ↑ The Rusian year began on March 1. It cannot be ruled out that the plague continued at the beginning of 1093. Date of events in: Н. Г. Бережков, Хронология русского летописания, Mocква: Издaтeльcтвo Aкaдeмии Нayк CCCP, 1963, p. 224.
  15. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 202.
  16. ↑ The English translator used the term: "soldiers". I decided to replace it with the more correct, in my opinion, word: "warriors".
  17. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 7.
  18. ↑ The Rusian year began on March 1. It cannot be ruled out that the plague continued at the beginning of 1093. Date of events in: Н. Г. Бережков, Хронология русского летописания, Mocква: Издaтeльcтвo Aкaдeмии Нayк CCCP, 1963, p. 224.
  19. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись старшего изводa (Синодальный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 18.
  20. ↑ The English translator supplemented the missing fragments of the text, not entirely correctly, based on: The Novgorod First Chronicle younger redaction (Commission Scroll), p. 202.
  21. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 7.
  22. ↑ Lаvrеnt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 215; Cf. Ipаt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. 2, Saint Petersburg 1908: Imperatorskaia Arkheograficheskaia Kommissiia, col. 206.
  23. ↑ St. Philip's Day falls on the 14th of November
  24. ↑ In original text “мѧсопуста” (неделя перед масленицей). In 1093 this event falls on the period from the 20th to the 26th of February (so two weeks before Lent)
  25. ↑ The Russian Primary chronicle: Laurentian text, transl. and edited by Samuel Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor, Cambridge-Massachusetts 1953: Mediaeval Academy of America, p. 174.
  26. ↑ The place where the plague occurred is not given in the source.
  27. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 15.
  28. ↑ The time of the plague's appearance was precisely determined here. It took place between the Philip’s Fast (i.e. in the period starting on November 14 and ending with Christmas) and Lent, i.e. 8 weeks before Easter. Easter in 1093 fell on April 17. So the plague ended around the end of February this year.
  29. ↑ The horse death probably only affected the prince's residence, and not the whole of Novgorod the Great.
  30. ↑ Information about the death of horses was given after the events that took place in the "autumn", i.e. on August 1, 1115, and before April 28 of the following year. For event dates, see also: Н. Г. Бережков, Хронология русского летописания, Mocква: Издaтeльcтвo Aкaдeмии Нayк CCCP, 1963, pp. 224, 230.
  31. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись старшего изводa (Синодальный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 20.
  32. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 9.
  33. ↑ Lаvrеnt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 341; We can find the same information in the Kievan Letopis' (Kievan Chronicle): Ipаt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. 2, Saint Petersburg 1908: Imperatorskaia Arkheograficheskaia Kommissiia, col. 568.
  34. ↑ With his sons: Andrey Bogolyubsky, Gleb, and maybe Mikhalko.
  35. ↑ Yuryi Dolgoruki's expedition against Izyaslav Mstislavovich took place before November 13, 1154, because the above-mentioned prince of Kiev died then.
  36. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocквa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 58.
  37. ↑ The plague occurred before September 13, as indicated by the order of messages recorded in the source. For event dates, see also: Н. Г. Бережков, Хронология русского летописания, Mocква: Издaтeльcтвo Aкaдeмии Нayк CCCP, 1963, pp. 233–234.
  38. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись старшего изводa (Синодальный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, c. 30.
  39. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), pp. 22–23.
  40. ↑ The plague occurred before September 13, as indicated by the order of messages recorded in the source. For event dates, see also: Н. Г. Бережков, Хронология русского летописания, Mocква: Издaтeльcтвo Aкaдeмии Нayк CCCP, 1963, pp. 233–234.
  41. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 217
  42. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471, translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […], with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), pp. 22–23.
  43. ↑ Ipаt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. 2, Saint Petersburg 1908: Imperatorskaia Arkheograficheskaia Kommissiia, col. 492
  44. ↑ The coalition consisted of Iziaslav Davidovich of Kiev, Iaroslav Iziaslavovich of Lutsk, Iaropelk Andreevich, troops from Halich, Ruryk Rostislavich with troops from Smolensk and Vladimir Mstislavich. They attacked Jurii Iaroslavich.
  45. ↑ In that time Roman Mstislavich was the prince of Novogrod.
  46. ↑ The coalition consisted of Roman and Mstislav Rostislavich, Mstislav Andreevich
  47. ↑ Ipаt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. 2, Saint Petersburg 1908: Imperatorskaia Arkheograficheskaia Kommissiia, col. 560.
  48. ↑ Soldiers who beleaguered the city
  49. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 94.
  50. ↑ The source does not specify the place where the unspecified disease appeared. Perhaps it was Vladimir-Suzdalian Rusia, because the source was written from this perspective.
  51. ↑ Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, vol. III, Mocква: Языки Руской Культуры, 2000 pp. 45–46
  52. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 246.
  53. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 43.
  54. ↑ Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, vol. III, Mocква: Языки Руской Культуры, 2000. pp. 45–46.
  55. ↑ Lаvrеnt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 147-148
  56. ↑ In source we have word „моромъ” (morom), what means exactly plague/epidemic.
  57. ↑ The Russian Primary chronicle: Laurentian text, transl. and edited by Samuel Hazzard Cross and Olgerd P. Sherbowitz-Wetzor, Cambridge-Massachusetts 1953: Mediaeval Academy of America, p. 134-135.
  58. ↑ Симеоновская летопись, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, vol. XVIII, Mocквa: Знак, 2007, p. 52
  59. ↑ Monumenta Poloniae Historica, Nova Series, Vol. XVI: Chronica Galiciano-Voliniana. Chronica Romanoviciana, ediderunt, praefatione notisque instruxerunt, D. Dąbrowski, A. Jusupović, Kraków-Warszawa 2017, p. 152-253
  60. ↑ The Hypatian 1973. The Galician-Volhynian Chronicle: The Hypatian Codex part two., translation, George A. Perfecky, München 1973: Wilhelm Fink Verlag (Harvard Series in Ukrainian Studies 16, II), p. 38
  61. ↑ Suzdal’skаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 512
  62. ↑ In original text “илемъ”, what means Ulmus glabra Hudson, the wych elm or Scots elm: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulmus_glabra
  63. ↑ Suzdal’skаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 511-512.
  64. ↑ “Cкүделнїци” means mass graves created during an epidemic event.
  65. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, vol. XXV, Mocквa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 125.
  66. ↑ The source did not specify the type of disease.
  67. ↑ Симеоновская летопись, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, vol. XVIII, Mocквa: Знак, 2007, p. 54.
  68. ↑ Information about the great famine in Novgorod, which resulted in the death of 3,030 people, is provided by both editions of the First Novgorodian Chronicle, the older one in 6737, the younger one in 6738. However, in both editions the word "мopъ" does not appear. According to a Novgorod source, the famine was caused by a great frost on the occasion of the Elevation of the Holy Cross. i.e. September 14, 6738. Mass deaths occurred in the spring (Новгородская первая летопись старшего изводa, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 69–70, 70–71, 277).
  69. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 125.
  70. ↑ The source does not specify the place where the unspecified disease(s) occurred. It was probably Vladimir-Suzdalian Rusia, because the source was written from this perspective.
  71. ↑ Since the event took place in winter, it can be assumed with a high degree of credibility that it began in 1278 and lasted until 1279.
  72. ↑ The term "нeдyгъ" was used in medieval Rusia with the meaning: disease, disability, defect, suffering, torment (Словарь древнерусского языка (XI–XIV вв.), т. III, Мocквa: Институт Pyccкoгo Языкa PAH, 2002, p. 263).
  73. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocквa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 152.
  74. ↑ Monumenta Poloniae Historica, Nova Series, Vol. XVI: Chronica Galiciano-Voliniana. Chronica Romanoviciana, ediderunt, praefatione notisque instruxerunt, D. Dąbrowski, A. Jusupović, Kraków-Warszawa 2017, p. 525-527; See https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/dlibra/publication/223688/edition/190072/content
  75. ↑ The Hypatian 1973. The Galician-Volhynian Chronicle: The Hypatian Codex part two, translation, George A. Perfecky, München 1973: Wilhelm Fink Verlag (Harvard Series in Ukrainian Studies 16, II), p. 96
  76. ↑ Monumenta Poloniae Historica, Nova Series, Vol. XVI: Chronica Galiciano-Voliniana. Chronica Romanoviciana, ediderunt, praefatione notisque instruxerunt, D. Dąbrowski, A. Jusupović, Kraków-Warszawa 2017, p. 537; See https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/dlibra/publication/223688/edition/190072/content
  77. ↑ The Hypatian 1973. The Galician-Volhynian Chronicle: The Hypatian Codex part two, translation, George A. Perfecky, München 1973: Wilhelm Fink Verlag (Harvard Series in Ukrainian Studies 16, II), p. 98
  78. ↑ Fedir Androshchuk and Anna Chel’strem have established that the prince probably suffered from leprosy (Аndrоshchuk Fedīr, Chеl’strеm Anna 2007. “Se zhе byst’ vtоry Iеv″”: bоlеzn’ kniazia Vlаdimirа Vаsil’kоvichа i ee bibеĭskiе pаrаllеli, “Ruthenica” 4, 2007, p. 243-258)
  79. ↑ Monumenta Poloniae Historica, Nova Series, Vol. XVI: Chronica Galiciano-Voliniana. Chronica Romanoviciana, ediderunt, praefatione notisque instruxerunt, D. Dąbrowski, A. Jusupović, Kraków-Warszawa 2017, p. 587–588, 593-594, 596-597; See https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/dlibra/publication/223688/edition/190072/content
  80. ↑ Cf. Adrian Jusupović, The Chronicle of Halych-Volhynia and Historical Collections in Medieval Rus’, Leiden-Boston: BRILL 2022, p. 172-173.
  81. ↑ The Hypatian 1973. The Galician-Volhynian Chronicle: The Hypatian Codex part two, translation, George A. Perfecky, München 1973: Wilhelm Fink Verlag (Harvard Series in Ukrainian Studies 16, II), p. 107.
  82. ↑ Monumenta Poloniae Historica, Nova Series, Vol. XVI: Chronica Galiciano-Voliniana. Chronica Romanoviciana, ediderunt, praefatione notisque instruxerunt, D. Dąbrowski, A. Jusupović, Kraków-Warszawa 2017, p. 539; See https://rcin.org.pl/ihpan/dlibra/publication/223688/edition/190072/content
  83. ↑ The Hypatian 1973. The Galician-Volhynian Chronicle: The Hypatian Codex part two, translation, George A. Perfecky, München 1973: Wilhelm Fink Verlag (Harvard Series in Ukrainian Studies 16, II), p. 98
  84. ↑ Probably after the spring of 1291, because the events preceding the plague [the flood] took place then.
  85. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 327.
  86. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 111.
  87. ↑ Lаvrеnt’еvskаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 484
  88. ↑ That part of letopis has dates in ultramarch style (which considers the year to begin in March, and necessitates the researcher both to subtract 5,509 from the year given to have the Common Era date and to remember that events from January to the end of February are considered to belong to the prior year).
  89. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 159
  90. ↑ T.M. Гимoн, Летописные записи на Пacxaльныx таблицax cбopникa XIV в., in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocквa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, pp. 579, 587.
  91. ↑ According to Timofei Guimon, this mention has analogies in Simeon's Latopis and concerns events from the winter of 1320/1321 (T.M. Гимoн, Летописные записи на Пacxaльныx таблицax cбopникa XIV в., in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 587
  92. ↑ Suzdal’skаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 530
  93. ↑ Vasili, vladyka (archbishop) of Novgorod arrived in Novgorod the Great from Volynia in the December 8 on a Sunday, the day of the holy Father Patapi. Meanwhile, it was in the south of Rusia that Prince Fyodor of Kiev attacked the hierarch. The vladyka's journey from the south of Rusia to Novgorod must have lasted several months, which determines the date of the attack and, therefore, the death of the prince's horses.
  94. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 344.
  95. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 127.
  96. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 170
  97. ↑ The desease probably occurred in the winter of 1341/1342. Information about it is given at the end of March year 6849.
  98. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 354
  99. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 136.
  100. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 175.
  101. ↑ Konye-Urgench=Urganj=Old Urgench, a city in modern Turkmenistan.
  102. ↑ Xaзьтopoкaнь (Khajtarkhan) - Хаджитархан, a city in the Golden Horde, located in the Volga Delta.
  103. ↑ Capaи – the capital of the Golden Horde.
  104. ↑ Бeздeж - Бельджамен (Beljamen), a trading center in the Volga region of the Golden Horde
  105. ↑ The locations of all towns appearing in this text are given below: Вaдим Л. Егоров, Историческая география Золотой Орды в XIII—XIV вв., Mocвкa: Hayкa, 1985.
  106. ↑ In the source, information about the Black Death is placed after the news of the death of Archbishop Moisiej, which occurred on July 3, 1352. It is also noted in the source that the plague raged from the feast of the Theotokos, i.e. they most likely refer to the period from one of the feasts dedicated to the Theotokos in 1352. These may include: Dormition - August 15, Birth - September 8, Pokrov - October 1, Introduction to the temple - November 21. According to the source, the plague ended on Easter (March 24) 1353
  107. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 363
  108. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 146, p. 146
  109. ↑ In the source, information about the Black Death is placed after the news of the death of Archbishop Moisiej, which occurred on July 3, 1352. It is also noted in the source that the plague raged from the feast of the Theotokos, i.e. they most likely refer to the period from one of the feasts dedicated to the Theotokos in 1352. These may include: Dormition - August 15, Birth - September 8, Pokrov - October 1, Introduction to the temple - November 21. According to the source, the plague ended on Easter (March 24) 1353 e until Easter (24 III) 1353
  110. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 363
  111. ↑ Author, title, place year, p. XXX
  112. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 146, p. 146.
  113. ↑ Berezhkov mistakenly determined, based on the analysis of the full dates in the source, that Archbishop of Novgorod Moisiej, who went to Pleskov at the request of the town's inhabitants when the plague was already spreading, died on his way back to Novgorod on Tuesday, July 3, 6860, which corresponds to July 3, 1353 r. (Н. Г. Бережков, Хронология русского летописания, Mocква: Издтeльcтвo Aк aдeмии Нayк CCCP, 1963, c. 298). In fact, July 3 fell on a Tuesday in 1352. This is the correct date ad quem of the event.
  114. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 362
  115. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 145
  116. ↑ The plague appeared after July 12, and died out before Philip's Fast (fasting from November 14 to Christmas 1360). This is indicated by dated information provided before and after the mention of the epidemic.
  117. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 367.
  118. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 149
  119. ↑ Suzdal’skаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 533
  120. ↑ Translation: Adrian Jusupović
  121. ↑ Suzdal’skаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 533
  122. ↑ Suzdal’skаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 533.
  123. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 182.
  124. ↑ Бeздeж - Бельджамен (Beljamen), a trading center in the Volga region of the Golden Horde. See: Вaдим Л. Егоров, Историческая география Золотой Орды в XIII—XIV вв., Mocвкa: Hayкa, 1985.
  125. ↑ Suzdal’skаia lеtоpis’ in Polnoe Sobranie Russkikh Letopiseĭ, vol. I, Moscow 2001: Iazyki Slaviankoĭ Kul’tury, col. 533.
  126. ↑ I date the plague to 1367 because the source under 6876 provides information with the full date (Tuesday, December 21), which refers to 1367, not 1366.
  127. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 183.
  128. ↑ The above inference proves that it was rather another wave of the Black Death, not identical to the one dated to 1364-1365.
  129. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 212.
  130. ↑ As we can see, the source did not mention the type of disease that appeared in Smolensk. We can only guess that it was another wave of the plague (Black Death).
  131. ↑ Симеоновская летопись, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, vol. XVIII, Mocквa: Знак, 2007, p. 136.
  132. ↑ As we can see, the source did not mention the type of disease that appeared in Smolensk. We can only guess that it was another wave of the plague (Black Death).
  133. ↑ Similar information was recorded in: Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocквa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 212.
  134. ↑ Interestingly, the term "железa" is not recorded in dictionaries of the Old Rusian language (И.И. Срезневский, Материалы для Словаря Древнерусского языка, т. I, Mocква: Знaк, 2003; Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв., вып. V, Мocквa: Нayкa, 1975; Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст., т. I, Kиїв: Нayкoвa дyмкa 1977; Словарь древнерусского языка (XI–XIV вв.), т. III, Мocквa: Pyccкий Язык, 1990), but the dictionary of dialects does know it (Cлoвapь pyccкиx нapoдныx гoвopoв, вып. 9, Лeнингpaд: Нayкa, 1972, p. 107).
  135. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 383.
  136. ↑ The English translator used the word: „glands” to describe the symptoms of the disease. I think it is better to specify the dates: swelling/blister/cerebral oedema.
  137. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 163.
  138. ↑ Interestingly, the term "железa" is not recorded in dictionaries of the Old Rusian language (И.И. Срезневский, Материалы для Словаря Древнерусского языка, т. I, Mocква: Знaк, 2003; Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв., вып. V, Мocквa: Нayкa, 1975; Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст., т. I, Kиїв: Нayкoвa дyмкa 1977; Словарь древнерусского языка (XI–XIV вв.), т. III, Мocквa: Pyccкий Язык, 1990), but the dictionary of dialects does know it (Cлoвapь pyccкиx нapoдныx гoвopoв, вып. 9, Лeнингpaд: Нayкa, 1972, c. 107).
  139. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 383.
  140. ↑ The English translator used the word: „glands” to describe the symptoms of the disease. I think it is better to specify the dates: swelling/blister/cerebral oedema.
  141. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 163.
  142. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa, т. III, Mocквa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 383-384.
  143. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 164.
  144. ↑ Probably after August 16 (the Day of the Holy Effigy) 1403, because the previously mentioned events (fire in Novgorod the Great) took place then.
  145. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 398
  146. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 176.
  147. ↑ Probably after August 16 (the Day of the Holy Effigy) 1403, because the previously mentioned events (fire in Novgorod the Great) took place then.
  148. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 398
  149. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 176.
  150. ↑ Perhaps the plague covered the winter months not only of 1406, but also the very beginning of the following year. As you know, in the Rusian system the year began on March 1.
  151. ↑ Interestingly, the term "железa" is not recorded in dictionaries of the Old Rusian language (И.И. Срезневский, Материалы для Словаря Древнерусского языка, т. I, Mocква: Знaк, 2003; Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв., вып. V, Мocквa: Нayкa, 1975; Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст., т. I, Kиїв: Нayкoвa дyмкa 1977; Словарь древнерусского языка (XI–XIV вв.), т. III, Мocквa: Pyccкий Язык, 1990), but the dictionary of dialects does know it (Cлoвapь pyccкиx нapoдныx гoвopoв, вып. 9, Лeнингpaд: Нayкa, 1972, p. 107.
  152. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 399.
  153. ↑ The English translator used the word: „glands” to describe the symptoms of the disease. I think it is better to specify the dates: swelling/blister/cerebral oedema.
  154. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 178.
  155. ↑ Perhaps the plague covered the winter months not only of 1406, but also the very beginning of the following year. As you know, in the Rusian system the year began on March 1.
  156. ↑ Interestingly, the term "железa" is not recorded in dictionaries of the Old Rusian language (И.И. Срезневский, Материалы для Словаря Древнерусского языка, т. I, Mocква: Знaк, 2003; Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв., вып. V, Мocквa: Нayкa, 1975; Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст., т. I, Kиїв: Нayкoвa дyмкa 1977; Словарь древнерусского языка (XI–XIV вв.), т. III, Мocквa: Pyccкий Язык, 1990), but the dictionary of dialects does know it (Cлoвapь pyccкиx нapoдныx гoвopoв, вып. 9, Лeнингpaд: Нayкa, 1972, p. 107.
  157. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 399.
  158. ↑ The English translator used the word: „glands” to describe the symptoms of the disease. I think it is better to specify the dates: swelling/blister/cerebral oedema.
  159. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 178.
  160. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 237.
  161. ↑ Perhaps the second, winter wave of the plague covered not only the winter months of 1417, but also the very beginning of the following year. As you know, in the Russian system the year began on March 1.
  162. ↑ Symptoms analogous to those in 1352/1353.
  163. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, c. 408.
  164. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 186.
  165. ↑ Perhaps the second, winter wave of the plague covered not only the winter months of 1417, but also the very beginning of the following year. As you know, in the Russian system the year began on March 1.
  166. ↑ Symptoms analogous to those in 1352/1353.
  167. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, c. 408.
  168. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 186.
  169. ↑ The source does not specify the place where the unspecified disease(s) occurred. It was probably Vladimir-Suzdalian Rusia, because the source was written from this perspective
  170. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 243.
  171. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 244.
  172. ↑ The Feast of the Dormition of the Theotokos is celebrated on August 15.
  173. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocквa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 245.
  174. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 414.
  175. ↑ The English translator used the word: „glands” to describe the symptoms of the disease. I think it is better to specify the dates: swelling/blister/cerebral oedema.
  176. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 191.
  177. ↑ These events probably took place after Monday, September 1, 6629, so it will be the year 1421 and next
  178. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, c. 414
  179. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 191
  180. ↑ These events probably took place after Monday, September 1, 6629, so it will be the year 1421 and next
  181. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, c. 414
  182. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 191
  183. ↑ Repeated information. The date of the plague's appearance is specified here. It happened after the days of St. Trinity. This movable feast in 1425 fell on May 27 (49 days after Easter). Interestingly, the information about the plague is preceded by the information about Alexander Ivanovich inheriting the Tver throne after the death of his father, Ivan Mikhailovich. The enthronement took place on May 21, which corresponds perfectly with the news about the beginning of the plague.
  184. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 247.
  185. ↑ This is another piece of news that in all likelihood concerns a plague that began after May 27, 1425
  186. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 247.
  187. ↑ This is Moscow, where Yuryi Dmitrevich began to rule after the death of Vasil Dmitrievich (February 27, 1425). This is the first of three pieces of information most likely relating to the same plague wave.
  188. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 246
  189. ↑ Симеоновская летопись, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, vol. XVIII, Mocквa: Знак, 2007, p. 169.
  190. ↑ Similar information was recorded in: Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocквa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 247.
  191. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 424
  192. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 201
  193. ↑ Новгородская первая летопись младшего изводa (Комиссионный список), in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. III, Mocвa: Языки Pyccкoй Kyльтypы, 2000, p. 424.
  194. ↑ The Chronicle of Novgorod 1016-1471 translated from the Russian by Robert Michell and Nevill Forbes […] with an Introduction by C. Raymond Beazley. London: Gray’s inn., W.C., 1914 (= Camden Third Series, Vol. XXV), p. 201.
  195. ↑ Московский лeтoпиcный свод конца XV века, in: Полное Cобрание Pусских Летописей, т. XXV, Mocвa: Языки Cлaвянcкoй Kyльтypы, 2004, p. 297–298
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