1356

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In 1356, a total of 13 epidemic events are known so far.

Locations and Spreading

  Date Summary  
Source
Translation
 T
1356, September 18 There was an earthquake in Basel followed by a plague.   Item anno Domini 1356 in die sancti Luce ewangeliste post meridiem in Basilea super ripam Reni terre motus factus magnus et multa castra subvertit et plures interfecit, et secuta est pestilencia. [1] In the year of the Lord 1356 at the day of St Luke the apostle after midday the earth shook fiercely in Basel and many castles were destroyed and many [people] were killed and following this there was a plague. (Translation: Christian Oertel)

1356 An entry in the town book of Brno (of 1356) states that the city officials together with John Henry, the margrave of Moravia, should see to it that the property of those deceased in the recent plague were not transferred to foreigners.   Item cum magnificus princeps, dominus noster naturalis, dominus Iohannes, marchio Moravie, in epidemia seu pestilencia novissime regnante iuratis ac consulibus civitatis, ut cavere deberent, ne testata et legateta moriencium et maxime notabilium personarum per aliquam extraneam personam seu advenam sub obtentu sue gracie, rerum et personarum perdicione aliqualiter distraherentur, strictissime percipisset [2] When the illustrious prince, our natural lord, Lord John, Margrave of Moravia, during the most recently (1356) ravaging epidemic or plague, strictly commanded the jurors and councilors of the city to ensure that the wills and legacies of those dying, especially of notable persons, should not be in any way taken away by any foreign person or newcomer under the pretext of his grace, resulting in the loss of possessions and persons (Translation: Martin Bauch)

1356 The Pestis secunda emerges in Germany.   Item eodem anno (1356) insurgit pestilencia magna hominum, ut supra, per totam Alamaniam. [3] Similarly, in the same year (1356), a great pestilence of people arose, as mentioned before, throughout all of Germany. (Translation: Martin Bauch)

1356 – 1357 The pestis secunda strikes Hesse and Central Germany, in combination with a bad harvest and dearth of foodstuffs.   Item in disem selben jare irhup sich groß jamer, unde qwam daz zweite groß sterben, also daz di lude an allen enden in Duschen landen stoben mit großen haufen an der selben suchte, als si sturben in dem ersten sterben. Unde war ez nit enqwam in disem jare, dar qwam ez in dem andern jare, unde ging alumb. Auch so galt daz korn unde di fruchte sin gelt, daz ez an manichem lande gar hertlichen unde komerlichen wart sten, unde sunderlichen in Hessen, in Westfalen unde dar umb unde anderswo. Item der win galt groß gelt, mit namen so galt ein qwart wines von Elsaßen zu Limpurg funf engelsen, daz ist war, unde der lantwin unde von Rine einen schilling pennige. [4] In this same year (1356), great sorrow arose, and there came the second great dying, so that people everywhere in the German lands died in large numbers from the same sickness as they did in the first dying. And if it did not happen in this year, it happened in the next year and continued to roam. Also, the price of grain and other crops rose significantly, causing hardship and trouble in many lands, especially in Hessen, Westphalia, and surrounding areas. Moreover, the price of wine rose greatly, for example, a quarter of wine from Alsace cost five "English" in Limburg, that is true, and the local wine and that from the Rhine cost a shilling pennies. (Translation: Martin Bauch)

1356 A plague emerges in Germany after a year of inclement weather, cold, and bad harvest.   Anno Domini trecentesimo quinquagesimo 6. crevit vinum tam debile, quod vix homines bibere poterant, et si vinum vetus poterat inveniri, in hoc non poterat tam preciose ... nisi biberetur; et homines, qui poterant hoc habere pro excellenti precio, gavisi sunt quasi gratis haberent; et annona preciosa; et facta est pestilencia in multis partibus terre. [5] In the year of our Lord 1356, wine grew so weak that scarcely could people drink it, and if old wine could be found, it couldn't be valued as highly... unless it was to be drunk; and people, insofar as they could have this for an excellent price, rejoiced as if they had it for free; and there was a dearth of grain; and a pestilence occurred in many parts of the land. (Translation: Martin Bauch); For german transl. [6]

1356, August Outbreak of plague in Frankfurt with a precise description of symptoms.   Item anno domini McccLVI circa mensem augustum et sequentibus magna in opido Frankenfordensi pestilencia duravit, ac in lectis modico tempore quandoque vix tribus diebus vel circa decumbentes decesserunt. Glauces circa crura vel brachia sua aut tumorem et dolorem circa capita sua vel alibi in corporibus habentes moriebantur. [7] In the year of our Lord 1356, around the month of August and the following months, a great pestilence persisted in the town of Frankfurt. Those afflicted would often lie in bed for a short time, sometimes barely three days or around that, before succumbing. They would die with bluish discoloration around their legs or arms, or with swelling and pain in their heads or elsewhere on their bodies. (Translation: Martin Bauch)

1356, August Outbreak of the plague in Frankfurt.   Anno 1356 in augusto tanto pestis insaevit Francofordiae quod mirum fuit. In triduo infecti pesti iverunt viam carnis universae. [8] In the year 1356, in August, such a severe plague raged in Frankfurt that it was astonishing. Within three days of being infected by the plague, they all passed away. (Translation: Martin Bauch)

1356, September 21 – 1356, September 28 Outbreak of plague in Frankfurt with a general procession.   Anno 1356 in die sancti Matthaei Francoforti statio generalis propter epidemiam habebatur et 6 5 et 4 calendas octobris in ecclesia sancti Bartholomaei ob pestilentiam missa "recordare" etc., membro quolibet nigra cappa induto candelam caerae manu tenennte, cantabatur. [9] In the year 1356, on the feast of Saint Matthew, a general assembly was held in Frankfurt due to the epidemic. And on the sixth, fifth, and fourth days before the Kalends of October [September 26th, 27th, and 28th], at the church of Saint Bartholomew, because of the plague, the Mass "Recordare" was celebrated, with each member wearing a black cloak and holding a candle in hand, made of wax. (Translation: Martin Bauch)

1356, September 26 – 1356, September 28 Outbreak of the plague in Frankfurt accompanied by supplicatory processions.   Et eodem anno [1356] habita est supplicatio publica propter pestem epidemiae Francofordiae, singulis in manu tenentibus candelam (Antiquitates) / Eodem anno [1356] fuit stacio generalis propter epidemiam, et sexto quinto ac quarto calendas octobris cautatum fuit in ecclesia nostra officium "recordare", quolibet sacerdote candelam ardentem manu tenente (Acta). [10] And in the same year (1356), a public supplication was held due to the epidemic plague in Frankfurt, with everyone holding a candle in their hand (Antiquitates) / In the same year [1356], there was a general assembly due to the epidemic, and on the sixth, fifth, and fourth days before the Kalends of October [September 26th, 27th, and 28th], the office of "recordare" was sung in our church, with each priest holding a burning candle in hand (Acta). (Translation: Martin Bauch)

References

  1. Annales Wratislawienses maiores, in: Monumenta Poloniae Historica III, p. 690.
  2. Miroslav Flodr (ed.), Pamětní kniha města Brna z let 1343-1376 (1379), Brno 2005, p. 745, no 2258.
  3. Heinrich Taube von Selbach: Chronica imperatorum et paparum. In: Die Chronik Heinrichs Taube von Selbach mit den von ihm verfassten Biographien Eichstätter Bischöfe (= Monumenta Germaniae Historica Scriptores rerum Germanicarum N.S.,). Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, Berlin 1922, pp. 1-120 , p. 110.
  4. Tilemann Elen von Wolfhagen: Die Limburger Chronik des Tilemann Elhen von Wolfhagen. (= Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Deutsche Chroniken (MGH. Dt. Chron.)). Hahn'sche Buchhandlung, Hannover 1883 , p. 46.
  5. Anonymus: Chronicon Moguntinum. In: Chronicon Moguntinum (= MGH SSrG. 2). S. Hirzel, Leipzig 1882, pp. 1-90 , p. 4.
  6. Johannes Kungstein: Mainzer Chronik 1346 bis 1406 – Chronicon Moguntinum. Festgabe für Anton Issel (= Lebendiges Rheinland-Pfalz). Mainz 2009 , p. 29
  7. Anonymus: Annales Francofurtani 1306-1364. (= Quellen zur Frankfurter Geschichte). Carl Jügel, Frankfurt 1884, pp. 1-3 , p. 3.
  8. Petrus Herp OP: Collectanea fratris Petri Herp Dominicani. (= Quellen zur Frankfurter Geschichte). Carl Jügel, Frankfurt 1884, pp. 58-66 , p. 59.
  9. Template:Collectaneen Schurg 1884, p. 153.
  10. Johannes Latomus: Antiquitates / Acta aliquod vetustiora. (= Quellen zur Frankfurter Geschichte). Carl Jügel, Frankfurt 1884, pp. 67-136 , p. 97.
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